Publications by authors named "Hao Xiang"

339 Publications

Study of Microstructural Morphology of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Crystallographic Analysis and Phase Field Simulation.

Authors:
Hao Xiang Wim Van Paepegem Leo A I Kestens

Materials (Basel) 2022 Aug 2;15(15). Epub 2022 Aug 2.

Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Tech-Lane Ghent Science Park-Campus A, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 46, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.

Formation of a habit plane during martensitic transformation is related to an invariant plane strain transformation, which involves dislocation glide and twins. In the current work, the Phenomenological Theory of Martensitic Transformation (PTMT) is employed to study the crystallographic features while the phase field simulation is used to study the microstructure evolution for martensitic transformation of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Results show that mechanical constraints play a key role in the microstructure evolution. It is shown that a twinned structure with very small twinned variants is geometrically difficult to form due to the lattice parameters of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. It is concluded that the predicted habit plane from the PTMT is consistent with results of the micro-elastic theory. The formation of a triangular morphology is favored geometrically and elastically.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155325DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9369925PMC
August 2022

Sustained air pollution exposures, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, prevalence and incidence of diabetes: a nationwide study in China.

Authors:
Feifei Liu Ke Zhang Gongbo Chen Jie He Mengnan Pan Feng Zhou Xiangxiang Wang Jiahui Tong Yuming Guo Shanshan Li Hao Xiang

Int J Epidemiol 2022 Aug 10. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan, China.

Background: Evidence remains limited and inconsistent for the associations between sustained air pollution exposures and diabetes development. This study aimed to determine the potential effects of particulate matter with a diameter of ≤10 micrometres (PM10), particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5 micrometres (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on alterations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), in particular, on prevalence and incidence of diabetes.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted based on 9628 participants aged ≥45 years from the baseline survey (2011) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), whereas cohort analyses were based on 3510 individuals without diabetes at baseline in the third survey (2015). Residences of participants were geocoded and the air pollution exposures were estimated using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Linear, logistic and modified Poisson regression models, adjusting for multiple confounders, were applied to assess the associations between air pollution and FPG, HbA1c, prevalence and incidence of diabetes, respectively.

Results: Associations between PM10, PM2.5 and increased levels of FPG and HbA1c were identified. The levels of FPG and HbA1c increased by 0.025 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.007, 0.044) and 0.011 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.002, 0.019), respectively, for a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM10, and the levels of FPG and HbA1c increased by 0.061 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.028, 0.096) and 0.016 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.000, 0.031), respectively, for a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. There were also positive associations between diabetes prevalence and PM2.5 and PM10. In the cohort analyses, PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 were associated with a higher incidence of diabetes.

Conclusion: Air pollution was allied to diabetes development in elderly Chinese populations. Considering the impact of the dramatic increase in the incidence and prevalence of diabetes in China, interventions to improve air quality are urgently needed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac162DOI Listing
August 2022

Neuromodulation in Chronic Pelvic Pain: A Narrative Review.

Authors:
Hao Xiang Tingting Zhang Abdullah Al-Danakh Deyong Yang Lina Wang

Pain Ther 2022 Sep 14;11(3):789-816. Epub 2022 Jul 14.

Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road No. 222, Dalian, 116021, China.

Chronic primary pelvic pain syndrome (CPPPS) is a heterogeneous disease with unknown pathogenesis and a lack of distinct pathological features, which complicates diagnosis and therapy and has a significant impact on patients' daily life. Because pharmacological management is ineffective and long-term use may result in additional system damage, developing a more effective treatment is critical. Neuromodulation has advanced rapidly over the last few decades, and various types of neuromodulations have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of CPPPS. In this article we discuss the evolution of neuromodulation technology in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain, its application to various subtypes of chronic pelvic pain, and the comparison of relevant efficacy and parameter differences, as well as assess the relative advantages and disadvantages of sacral neuromodulation, percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation , transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, electroacupuncture, and pudendal neuromodulation. Furthermore, it was noted that chronic pelvic pain should be evaluated in terms of pain, associated symptoms, psychological problems, and quality of life. Although neuromodulation approaches have been shown to be effective in treating chronic pelvic pain, more extensive multicenter trials are required to confirm this.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40122-022-00405-wDOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9314476PMC
September 2022

MHR and NHR but not LHR were associated with coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain with controlled LDL-C.

Authors:
Mengping Liu Xiaojun Liu Zhen Wei Rui Hua Yuzhi Huang Xiang Hao Zuyi Yuan Juan Zhou

J Investig Med 2022 Jul 11. Epub 2022 Jul 11.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China

Several leukocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios, including monocyte to HDL-C ratio (MHR), neutrophil to HDL-C ratio (NHR) and lymphocyte to HDL-C ratio (LHR), have been proposed as novel inflammatory indicators. We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationships between these leukocyte to HDL-C ratios and coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chest pain with controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). A total of 3482 patients with chest pain with LDL-C <1.8 mmol/L were enrolled. We evaluated the relationships between MHR, NHR, LHR and HDL-C and the occurrence of CAD as well as severe stenosis. We found that in patients with chest pain, higher MHR (adjusted OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.61 to 4.99, p<0.001) and NHR (adjusted OR=1.08, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.13, p<0.001), as well as lower HDL-C (adjusted OR=0.53, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.78, p=0.001), but not higher LHR (adjusted OR=1.06, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.20, p0.341), had a stronger association with the occurrence of CAD. Moreover, unlike LHR (adjusted OR=1.02, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.13, p=0.654), higher MHR (adjusted OR=2.10, 95% CI 1.43 to 3.07, p<0.001) and NHR (adjusted OR=1.06, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.09, p<0.001) and lower HDL-C (adjusted OR=0.38, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.56, p<0.001) were risk factors for severe stenosis. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis exhibited comparable abilities between MHR and NHR in predicting the presence and severity of CAD. In conclusion, even though patients with chest pain have achieved LDL-C <1.8 mmol/L, the inflammatory indicators MHR and NHR maintained their predictive abilities and remained associated with the occurrence and severity of CAD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2021-002314DOI Listing
July 2022

Asymmetric Assembly of Chiral Lanthanide(III) Tetranuclear Cluster Complexes Using Achiral Mixed Ligands: Single-molecule Magnet Behavior and Magnetic Entropy Change.

Authors:
Cai-Ming Liu Xiang Hao

ACS Omega 2022 Jun 3;7(23):20229-20236. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

It is challenging to use achiral ligands to spontaneously construct chiral molecular magnets. In this work, two new Ln cluster complexes based on ,'-(1,3-propanediyl)bis[-[1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]amine] (HL) have been assembled, which are crystallized in a chiral space group due to the asymmetric distribution of acetate (OAc) groups and hexafluoroacetylacetonate (Facac) groups on both sides of the parallelogram-like Ln core. Complex , [Dy(HL)(OAc)(Facac)]·5MeOH·2HO, exhibits single-molecule magnet properties at the zero field with the / value of 48.4 K; notably, besides the Orbach process, the Raman process is also prominent for the magnetic relaxation of . Complex , [Gd(HL)(OAc)(Facac)]·4MeOH·2.5HO, displays a large magnetocaloric effect, whose largest -Δ value is 21.88 J kg K (when = 2 K and Δ = 5 T); it thus can be utilized as a good magnetic refrigeration molecular material.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c02155DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9202287PMC
June 2022

Deformable mirror based optimal PSF engineering for 3D super-resolution imaging.

Authors:
Shuang Fu Mengfan Li Lulu Zhou Yingchuan He Xin Liu Xiang Hao Yiming Li

Opt Lett 2022 Jun;47(12):3031-3034

Point spread function (PSF) engineering is an important technique to encode the properties (e.g., 3D positions, color, and orientation) of a single molecule in the shape of the PSF, often with the help of a programmable phase modulator. A deformable mirror (DM) is currently the most widely used phase modulator for fluorescence detection as it shows negligible photon loss. However, it relies on careful calibration for precise wavefront control. Therefore, design of an optimal PSF not only relies on the theoretical calculation of the maximum information content, but also the physical behavior of the phase modulator, which is often ignored during the optimization process. Here, we develop a framework for PSF engineering which could generate a device specific optimal PSF for 3D super-resolution imaging using a DM. We use our method to generate two types of PSFs with depths of field comparable to the widely used astigmatism and tetrapod PSFs, respectively. We demonstrate the superior performance of the DM specific optimal PSF over the conventional astigmatism and tetrapod PSF both theoretically and experimentally.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.460949DOI Listing
June 2022

Associations of residential greenness with obesity and BMI level among Chinese rural population: findings from the Henan Rural Cohort Study.

Authors:
Jie Jiang Zixi Xiang Feifei Liu Na Li Shuyuan Mao Bo Xie Hao Xiang

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 May 30. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.

In recent years, increasing evidence supports the notion that obesity risk is affected by residential greenness. However, limited studies have been established in low- and middle-income countries, especially in China. The study aimed to evaluate the associations of residential greenness with obesity and body mass index (BMI) level in Chinese rural-dwelling adults. A total of 39,259 adults from the Henan Rural Cohort Study (HRCS) were included in the analyses. According to the guideline for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults, obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 28 kg/m. Residential greenness was measured by satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Generalized linear mixed models were used to study the associations between exposure to residential greenness with obesity and BMI level. Higher residential greenness was significantly correlated with lower odds of obesity and BMI level. For example, in the full-adjusted analyses, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in EVI was linked with reduced odds of obesity (OR = 0.77, 95%CI 0.72-0.82) and BMI level (β =  - 0.41 kg/m, 95%CI - 0.48 to - 0.33 kg/m). Mediation analyses showed air pollution and physical activity could be potential mediators in these associations. Besides, we found that the association of NDVI with BMI was stronger in females and low-income populations. Higher residential greenness was associated with a lower prevalence of obesity and BMI level, particularly among females and the low-income population. These relationships were partially mediated by reducing air pollution and increasing physical activity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20268-0DOI Listing
May 2022

Self-Standing, Photothermal-Actuating, and Motion-Monitoring Janus Films One-Pot Synthesized by Green Carboxymethyl Glucomannan/Liquid Metal Nanoinks.

Authors:
Yajie Hu Xiang Hao Gegu Chen Jing Bian Mingfei Li Feng Peng

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022 May 11. Epub 2022 May 11.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.

Downsizing bulk liquid metals (LM) at the nanometer scale with biocompatibility and multifunction is a key process for electronic or medical applications. Here, we report a stable and green LM aqueous colloidal ink by wrapping eutectic gallium-indium alloys (EGaIn) with carboxymethyl glucomannan (CGM) derived from radiata pine chip, which is capable of being prepared into a free-standing, photothermal-actuating, and motion-monitoring Janus film. With the assistance of CGM, the bulk EGaIn was ultrasonicated into stable nanodroplets (∼500 nm) with a typical "core-shell" structure, in which the colloidal inks can be stored for more than 1 week under room temperature. The stable CGM/EGaIn inks can be patterned on different substrates to form coating layers or self-assembled into free-standing Janus films with high mechanical strength and modulus (∼94 MPa and ∼3.8 GPa) by density deposition. Such a Janus film with anisotropic thermal conductivity made it a potential photothermal actuator. In addition, the biocompatible film demonstrated both high conductivity and large resistance variation in response to strain change (gauge factor >500), allowing for human motion monitoring. This work provides a new prospect for the development of biocompatible and high-performance nano-LM materials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c04796DOI Listing
May 2022

Association between Cystatin C and Cardiac Function in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Real-World Analysis.

Authors:
Bowen Lou Yongbai Luo Haoxuan Zhang Haoyu Wu Gulinigaer Tuerhong Jiang Hui Liu Kejia Kan Xiang Hao Lizhe Sun Zuyi Yuan Jianqing She

Dis Markers 2022 23;2022:7267937. Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, China.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as its long-term and short-term complications, is known to present with high morbidity and mortality. Cardiac function deterioration and ventricular remodelling after AMI are known to be correlated to worse long-term outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive and there is a shortage of serum prediction markers. This study investigates the relationship between in-hospital Cystatin C (CysC) and cardiac function and subsequent prognosis among AMI patients. . We measured admission CysC and cardiac function parameters, including ejection fraction (EF) and pro-BNP value in 5956 patients diagnosed with AMI. Simple and multiregression analyses were performed to investigate the correlation between CysC and cardiac function in AMI patients. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality were documented, and 351 participants with high cystatin (≥1.09 mg/L) and 714 low cystatin (<1.09 mg/L) were investigated for survival analysis during a 48-month follow-up.

Results: 5956 patients with AMI were enrolled in the initial observational analysis, and 1065 patients of the whole cohort were included in the follow-up survival analysis. The admission CysC level was found to be significantly positively correlated to the pro-BNP level ( square = 0.2142, 95% CI 4758 to 5265, < 0.0001) and negatively correlated to the EF value ( square = 0.0095, 95% CI -3.503 to -1.605, < 0.0001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significantly increased MACE incidence (HR = 2.293, 95% CI 1.400 to 3.755, < 0.0001), cardiovascular mortality (HR = 3.016, 95% CI 1.694 to 5.371, = 0.0002), and all-cause mortality (HR = 3.424, 95% CI 2.010 to 5.835, < 0.0001) in high-admission CysC cohort with AMI at the end of 4-year follow-up.

Conclusions: Admission CysC is negatively correlated with cardiac function in AMI patients and acts as a novel predictor for MACE incidence in the whole population. Further studies are needed to investigate the specific mechanism of CysC in the cardiac function deterioration among AMI patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7267937DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9056268PMC
May 2022

Compassionate Use of Yuanjiang Decoction, a Traditional Chinese Medicinal Prescription, for Symptomatic Bradyarrhythmia.

Authors:
Zhang Wan-Tong Zhu Bao-Chen Liu Zhao Wang Xu-Jie Gao Rui Xiao Ning Tang Wei Wu Yu-Fei Phoebe Miles Weng Wei-Liang Lin Hao-Xiang Li Qiu-Yan

Front Pharmacol 2022 11;13:764930. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China.

No effective medication is available for symptomatic bradyarrhythmia, particularly in low socioeconomic status (SES) population. To explore the safety and efficacy of Yuanjiang decoction, a traditional Chinese medicinal prescription, for symptomatic bradyarrhythmia on a compassionate-use basis. This compassionate-use study was conducted in Beijing, China between January 2019 and January 2020. Eligible participants were recruited and treated with Yuanjiang decoction (composed of 6 Chinese herbal medicines), 200 ml twice daily for 16 weeks. Analyses were done with the intention-to-treat (ITT) approach. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of participants who achieved a favorable treatment outcome at 16 weeks. As of January 2020, 184 patients were included. After 16-weeks treatment, 12 participants were lost to contact while 21 participants were terminated from this study, with a drop-out rate of 17.93%. The most common treatment-related adverse events were xerostomia (6.52%), constipation (6.45%) and sleepiness (3.26%). The proportion of participants with favorable treatment outcome was 65.22% at 4 weeks, 59.78% at 8 weeks (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.71-1.73), 61.41% at 12 weeks (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.92-1.45) and 60.87% at 16 weeks (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.98-1.35). In the multifactor regression analysis, the favorable treatment outcome at 16 weeks was significantly associated with completing at least 8 weeks treatment (OR: 2.053, 95% CI: 1.064-3.560), while unfavorable treatment outcome was significantly associated with an atrioventricular block (OR: 0.255, 95% CI: 0.083-0.784), current smoking (OR: 0.343, 95% CI: 0.027-0.487), and syncope in the month before treatment (OR: 0.321, 95%CI: 0.114-0.904). This compassionate-use study showed encouraging outcomes of treatment with Yuanjiang decoction, without serious adverse events. This study identified several key factors that may affect outcomes. These findings helped inform the design and assess the feasibility of a large-scale randomized clinical trial.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.764930DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9035522PMC
April 2022

Modulated pattern scanning microscopy.

Authors:
Yuxuan Qiu Yuran Huang Xin Liu Yusen Zhang Xiang Hao Cuifang Kuang Xu Liu

Opt Lett 2022 Apr;47(7):1721-1724

In confocal microscopy, the effective optical transfer function (OTF) with Gaussian plane wave illumination covers very few high-frequency components, which prohibits further improvement of the resolution. We propose modulated pattern scanning microscopy (MPSM) to achieve super-resolution imaging. In MPSM, the phase of the illumination beam is modulated to reassign the OTF in the Fourier domain. The phase mask is designed using an optimization algorithm to obtain the fluorescence emission pattern with rich high-frequency components. Then, the postprocessing algorithms are adapted to retrieve the super-resolved images from the modulated recordings. Simulation and experiment demonstrate that MPSM increases the resolution approximately 1.3 times better than confocal microscopy. Compared with conventional deconvolution, MPSM exhibits a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.451958DOI Listing
April 2022

How long-term air pollution and its metal constituents affect type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence? Results from Wuhan Chronic Disease Cohort.

Authors:
Meijin Chen Qiujun Qin Feifei Liu Yixuan Wang Chuangxin Wu Yaqiong Yan Hao Xiang

Environ Res 2022 09 26;212(Pt A):113158. Epub 2022 Mar 26.

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China. Electronic address:

Background: Epidemiological evidence linking type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with air pollution is discrepant and most are restricted to the influences of air-pollutant mass concentration. This study aims to explore the effects of long-term exposure to air pollution and its metal constituents on T2DM prevalence in China.

Methods: We used data on 10,253 adult residents from the baseline survey of Wuhan Chronic Disease Cohort in 2019. Ambient PM, PM and NO exposure were estimated at residences based on Chinese Air Quality Reanalysis Dataset. Concentrations of 10 metal constituents were measured by 976 PM filter samples collected from four monitoring stations. Logistic regression models were employed to examine associations of T2DM prevalence with 3-year mean concentrations of each air pollutant and PM metal constituents prior to the baseline investigation.

Results: A total of 673 T2DM cases (6.6%) were identified. The 3-year mean exposures to PM, PM and NO were 50.89 μg/m, 82.86 μg/m, and 39.79 μg/m, respectively. And interquartile range (IQR) of 10 metals in PM varied from 0.03 ng/m to 78.30 ng/m. For 1 μg/m increment in PM, PM and NO, the odds of T2DM increased by 7.2% (95%CI: 1.026, 1.136), 3.1% (95%CI: 1.013, 1.050), and 2.1% (95%CI: 1.005, 1.038) after adjusting for potential confounders. Cd and Sb in PM were significant risk factors to T2DM with odds ratios of 1.350 (95%CI: 1.089, 1.673) and 1.389 (95%CI: 1.164, 1.658) for per IQR increase, respectively. Stratification analyses indicated that males and those aged ≥45 years were more susceptive to long-term air pollution.

Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM, PM and NO increased T2DM prevalence in a Wuhan population, especially for men and middle-aged and elderly people. Moreover, T2DM was significantly associated with Cd and Sb in PM. Further research to validate these results and to clarify the underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113158DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9227727PMC
September 2022

The pathogens of secondary infection in septic patients share a similar genotype to those that predominate in the gut.

Authors:
Sucheng Mu Hao Xiang Yuezhu Wang Wei Wei Xiangyu Long Yi Han Zhongshu Kuang Yilin Yang Feixiang Xu Mingming Xue Zhimin Dong Chaoyang Tong Huajun Zheng Zhenju Song

Crit Care 2022 03 24;26(1):68. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.

Background: Secondary nosocomial infections, which are commonly caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), often develop in septic patients. This study aimed to identify the origin of secondary systemic pathogens and reveal the underlying mechanism of infection.

Methods: In this prospective, observational case-control study, a total of 34 septic patients, 33 non-septic intensive care unit (ICU) patients and 10 healthy individuals serving as controls were enrolled. Three hundred and twelve fecal samples were collected and subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Metagenome sequencing was performed to identify the homology between dominant CRKP or VRE in the intestine and pathogens isolated from secondary infectious sites. C57/BL mice were established as pseudo germ-free animal model by pretreatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics for two weeks.

Results: The abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in septic patients was drastically decreased one week after ICU admission, potentially leading to the enrichment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as CRKP. Furthermore, secondary bloodstream and abdominal infections caused by CRKP or VRE in septic patients occurred after intestinal colonization with the predominant bacterial species. Genomic analysis showed that bacteria isolated from secondary infection had high homology with the corresponding predominant intestinal opportunistic pathogens. In addition, animal model experiments validated the hypothesis that the administration of antibiotics caused the enrichment of CRKP and VRE among the intestinal microbiota, increasing the likelihood of permeation of other tissues and potentially causing subsequent systemic infection in pseudo germ-free mice.

Conclusion: Our study indicated that the pathogens causing secondary infection in septic patients might originate from the intestinal colonization of pathogens following broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13054-022-03943-zDOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8944137PMC
March 2022

Total variation and spatial iteration-based 3D structured illumination microscopy.

Authors:
Mingxuan Cai Hongfei Zhu Yile Sun Lu Yin Fanghui Xu Hanmeng Wu Xiang Hao Renjie Zhou Cuifang Kuang Xu Liu

Opt Express 2022 Feb;30(5):7938-7953

Three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) plays an essential role in biological volumetric imaging with the capabilities of improving lateral and axial resolution. However, the traditional linear 3D algorithm is sensitive to noise and generates artifacts, while the low temporal resolution hinders live-cell imaging. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D-SIM algorithm based on total variation (TV) and fast iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm (FISTA), termed TV-FISTA-SIM. Compared to conventional algorithms, TV-FISTA-SIM achieves higher reconstruction fidelity with the least artifacts, even when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is as low as 5 dB, and a faster reconstruction rate. Through simulation, we have verified that TV-FISTA-SIM can effectively reduce the amount of required data with less deterioration. Moreover, we demonstrate TV-FISTA-SIM for high-quality multi-color 3D super-resolution imaging, which can be potentially applied to live-cell imaging applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.451190DOI Listing
February 2022

Spectral imaging with deep learning.

Authors:
Longqian Huang Ruichen Luo Xu Liu Xiang Hao

Light Sci Appl 2022 Mar 16;11(1):61. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

The goal of spectral imaging is to capture the spectral signature of a target. Traditional scanning method for spectral imaging suffers from large system volume and low image acquisition speed for large scenes. In contrast, computational spectral imaging methods have resorted to computation power for reduced system volume, but still endure long computation time for iterative spectral reconstructions. Recently, deep learning techniques are introduced into computational spectral imaging, witnessing fast reconstruction speed, great reconstruction quality, and the potential to drastically reduce the system volume. In this article, we review state-of-the-art deep-learning-empowered computational spectral imaging methods. They are further divided into amplitude-coded, phase-coded, and wavelength-coded methods, based on different light properties used for encoding. To boost future researches, we've also organized publicly available spectral datasets.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-00743-6DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8927154PMC
March 2022

Association between cognitive function and ambient particulate matters in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Authors:
Yifan Yao Kai Wang Hao Xiang

Sci Total Environ 2022 Jul 11;828:154297. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China. Electronic address:

Increasing studies have discussed how ambient air pollution affects cognitive function, however, the results are inconsistent, and such studies are limited in developing countries. To fill the gap, in this study, we aimed to explore the effect of ambient particulate matters (PM, PM, PM) on cognitive function of middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. A total of 7928 participants older than 45 were included from CHARLS collected in 2011, 2013, and 2015. Cognitive function was evaluated with two dimensions, the first one was episodic memory and the second dimension was mental status. The total score of cognitive function was the sum of above two dimensions (0-31 points). Participants' exposure to ambient particulate matters was estimated by using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Linear mixed models were applied to analyze the impact of PM, PM, and PM on cognition function. Further interaction analyses were applied to examine the potential effect modifications on the association. After adjusting for confounding factors, we found an IQR increase in all three ambient particulate matters was significantly associated with a decrease in cognitive function score, with the greatest effect in the 90-day exposure window for PM (β = -0.227, 95%CI: -0.376, -0.078) and PM (β = -0.220, 95%CI: -0.341, -0.099). For ambient PM, the most significant exposure window was 60-day (β = -0.158, 95%CI: -0.274, -0.042). Interaction analyses showed that the PM-cognitive function association could be modified by gender, region, alcohol consumption, smoking, education level, chronic diseases, and depressive symptoms. In conclusion, exposure to ambient particulate matter for a certain period would significantly decrease cognitive function among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Furthermore, individuals who were female, or lived in the midland of China were more susceptible to the adverse effect of particulate matters.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154297DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9112163PMC
July 2022

All-day thin-lens computational imaging with scene-specific learning recovery.

Authors:
Bingyun Qi Wei Chen Xiong Dun Xiang Hao Rui Wang Xu Liu Haifeng Li Yifan Peng

Appl Opt 2022 Feb;61(4):1097-1105

Modern imaging optics ensures high-quality photography at the cost of a complex optical form factor that deviates from the portability. The drastic development of image processing algorithms, especially advanced neural networks, shows great promise to use thin optics but still faces the challenges of residual artifacts and chromatic aberration. In this work, we investigate photorealistic thin-lens imaging that paves the way to actual applications by exploring several fine-tunes. Notably, to meet all-day photography demands, we develop a scene-specific generative-adversarial-network-based learning strategy and develop an integral automatic acquisition and processing pipeline. Color fringe artifacts are reduced by implementing a chromatic aberration pre-correction trick. Our method outperforms existing thin-lens imaging work with better visual perception and excels in both normal-light and low-light scenarios.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.448155DOI Listing
February 2022

Combined effects of air pollution in adulthood and famine exposure in early life on type 2 diabetes.

Authors:
Wenqian Huo Jian Hou Luting Nie Zhenxing Mao Xiaotian Liu Gongbo Chen Hao Xiang Shanshan Li Yuming Guo Chongjian Wang

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 May 23;29(25):37700-37711. Epub 2022 Jan 23.

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue Henan, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.

Famine exposure or air pollution is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, their combined effects on T2DM remain largely unknown. A total of 11,640 individuals were obtained from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. According to their birthdate, participants were divided into three famine exposure subgroups: fetal exposed, childhood exposed, and unexposed groups. The air pollutants (particles with aerodynamics diameters ≤ 1.0 µm (PM), ≤ 2.5 µm, and ≤ 10 µm, and nitrogen dioxide) concentrations of each individual were estimated by a spatiotemporal model. Participants were divided into low or high air pollution exposure groups taking the 1st quartile value of air pollutants as the cut-off point. Logistic regression model was used to analyze independent and joint associations between air pollution exposure, famine exposure, and T2DM. Positive associations of air pollution and famine exposure with T2DM were found. Participants who experienced fetal or childhood famine and also were exposed to high concentrations of any kind of the air pollutants had a much higher risk for T2DM than those with no famine and low air pollutants exposure (taking PM for example, the odds ratio [OR]: 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25, 2.47 for fetal famine, and OR: 1.64, 95%CI: 1.13, 2.40 for childhood famine). After stratified analysis, similar results were observed in women. The results indicated that both famine exposure in early life and air pollution exposure in adulthood are related to increased risk for prevalent T2DM, and they have combined effects on T2DM.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18193-9DOI Listing
May 2022

Anatomical study for the treatment of proximal humeral fracture through the medial approach.

Authors:
Hao Xiang Yan Wang Yongliang Yang Fanxiao Liu Qingsen Lu Lingpeng Kong Mingzhen Li Yong Han Fu Wang

J Orthop Surg Res 2022 Jan 17;17(1):35. Epub 2022 Jan 17.

Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jing Wu Road, Jinan, 250021, China.

Background: The treatment of complex 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures has been controversial due to numerous postoperative complications. With the further study of medial support and blood supply of humeral head, new techniques and conception are developing. The study aims to illustrate the medial approach of the proximal humeral fracture through cadaver autopsy.

Method: Upper limbs from 19 cadavers have been dissected to expose the shoulder joint. We selected the coracoid process as the bony reference. Vernier caliper will be used to measure the following data, including distance from coracoid process to circumflex brachial artery, distance between anterior humeral circumflex artery (ACHA) and posterior circumflex brachial artery (PCHA) and their diameters. Assessment included the characteristics of the vascular supply around the humeral head, identification of the structures at risk, quality of exposure of the bony structures, and feasibility of fixation.

Results: The medial approach is appropriate in 86.84% anatomical patterns. Between the lower part of the shoulder capsule and the insertion of conjoined tendon, the bony surface exposed was limited by the interval between ACHA and PCHA. An interval of 2 to 3 cm (24.29 ± 3.42 mm) was available for medial plate. ACHA (49.35 ± 8.13 mm, 35.14-68.53 mm) and PCHA (49.62 ± 7.82 mm, 37.67-66.76 mm) were about 5 cm away from the coracoid process. Risk structures including ACHA and PCHA originate in common, PCHA originated from the deep brachial artery (DBA), the presence of perforator vessels, musculocutaneous nerve intersects with ACHA, the diameter of PCHA: ACHA < 1.5. In 13.15% anatomical patterns, this risk structure should be taken seriously.

Conclusion: The medial approach opens a new perspective in the optimal management of complex fractures of proximal humerus. Anatomical research proves that the medial approach is feasible. The interval between ACHA and PCHA is suitable for placement. Anatomical pattern and indication have been discussed, and we hypothesized that ACHA has been destroyed in complex PHFs. With further studies on the anatomy and mechanism of injury, the development of more clinical cases will be an important work of our institution in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13018-021-02897-2DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8764758PMC
January 2022

Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and its constituents may affect renal function via oxidative stress: A longitudinal panel study.

Authors:
Shouxin Peng Tianjun Lu Yisi Liu Zhaoyuan Li Feifei Liu Jinhui Sun Meijin Chen Huaiji Wang Hao Xiang

Chemosphere 2022 Apr 7;293:133570. Epub 2022 Jan 7.

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China. Electronic address:

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) has been reported to increase the risks of chronic kidney disease. However, limited research has assessed the effect of PM and its constituents on renal function, and the underlying mechanism has not been well characterized. We aimed to evaluate the association of PM and its constituents with kidney indicators and to explore the roles of systematic oxidative stress and inflammation in the association. We conducted a longitudinal panel study among 35 healthy adults before-, intra- and after-the 2019 Wuhan Military World Games. We repeatedly measured 6 renal function parameters and 5 circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation at 6 rounds of follow-ups. We monitored hourly personal PM concentrations with 3 consecutive days and measured 10 metals (metalloids) and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) components. The linear mixed-effect models were applied to examine the association between PM and renal function parameters, and the mediation analysis was performed to explore potential bio-pathways. PM concentrations across Wuhan showed a slight decrease during the Military Games. We observed significant associations between elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels and PM and its several metals and PAHs components. For an interquartile range (IQR) increase of PM, BUN increased 0.42 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.69). On average, an IQR higher of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), thallium (Tl) and Indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene (IPY) were associated with 0.90, 0.65, 0.29, 0.27, 0.26 and 0.90 mmol/L increment of BUN, respectively. Moreover, superoxide dismutase was positively associated with PM and mediated 18.24% association. Our research indicated that exposure to PM might affect renal function by activating oxidative stress pathways, in which the constituents of Pb, Cd, As, Se, Tl and IPY might contribute to the associations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133570DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8976286PMC
April 2022

Association between long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter and blood pressure, hypertension: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors:
Zhiping Niu Zhizhou Duan Hongmei Yu Lina Xue Feifei Liu Dong Yu Keying Zhang Donghui Han Weihong Wen Hao Xiang Weijun Qin

Int J Environ Health Res 2022 Jan 4:1-16. Epub 2022 Jan 4.

Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Evidence of more recent studies should be updated to evaluate the effect of long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) on blood pressure and hypertension.        Studies of long-term effects of PM, PM and PM on blood pressure (SBP, DBP, MAP), hypertension were searched in Pubmed, Web of Science and Embase before May, 2021. Meta-analysis of 41 studies showed that exposure to PM, PM was associated with SBP (1.76 mmHg (95%CI:0.71, 2.80) and 0.63 mmHg (95%CI:0.40, 0.85), per 10 μg/m increase in PM), all three air pollutants (PM, PM, PM) was associated with DBP (1.16 mmHg (95%CI:0.34, 1.99), 0.31 mmHg (95%CI:0.16, 0.47), 1.17 mmHg (95%CI:0.24, 2.09), respectively. As for hypertension, PM, PM and PM were all significantly associated with higher risk of hypertension (OR=1.27 (95%CI:1.06, 1.52), 1.15 (95%CI:1.10, 1.20) and 1.11 (95%CI:1.07, 1.16). In conclusion, our study indicated a positive association between long-term exposure to particulate matter and increased blood pressure, hypertension.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2021.2022106DOI Listing
January 2022

Associations of long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants with metabolic syndrome: The Wuhan Chronic Disease Cohort Study (WCDCS).

Authors:
Yixuan Wang Feifei Liu Yifan Yao Meijin Chen Chuangxin Wu Yaqiong Yan Hao Xiang

Environ Res 2022 04 14;206:112549. Epub 2021 Dec 14.

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China. Electronic address:

Background: Evidence on the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants (including particle with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM), particle with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM), ozone (O), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and sulfur dioxide (SO)) and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to determine the associations based on a case-control study nested in the Wuhan Chronic Disease Cohort study (WCDCS), a population-based study with baseline survey in 2019.

Methods: A total of 10,253 residents living in Wuhan were recruited. The 3-year average concentrations of main pollutants (PM, PM, O, NO, and SO) at residences prior to the survey date were estimated to evaluate the long-term exposures. The generalized linear mixed models were used to investigate the changes in MetS prevalence by an IQR increases in each air pollutant exposure concentrations. Interaction effects between air pollutants and demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors on MetS were evaluated by including an interactive item in the main model.

Results: The prevalence of MetS in Wuhan was 9.8%, and the 3-year exposure concentrations of PM, PM, O, NO, and SO were 84.1 μg/m, 50.5 μg/m, 55.7 μg/m, 46.0 μg/m, and 9.4 μg/m, respectively. Higher PM, PM and O exposure concentrations were associated with an elevated MetS prevalence (e.g. an IQR increase in PM, OR = 1.193, 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs): 1.028, 1.385; for O, OR = 1.074, 95%CIs: 1.025, 1.124), whereas NO, and SO were negatively or insignificant correlated with odds of Mets (e.g. an IQR increase in NO, OR = 0.865, 95%CIs: 0.795, 0.941). Males, smokers, alcohol drinkers and individuals who intake fruits occasionally exposure to PM and PM were found had a higher risk of developing MetS.

Conclusions: Long-term exposure to higher concentrations of ambient air pollutants may elevate the prevalence of MetS in populations in Central China. Susceptible individuals especially those with unhealthy lifestyles had a higher risk for MetS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112549DOI Listing
April 2022

The Genetic Association Identified Between Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Associated Risk Factors Based on a Systems Biology Approach.

Authors:
Hao Xiang Fang Yan Haihong Liu

Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2022 Apr 15;47(8):E370-E384. Epub 2021 Dec 15.

Department of Mathematics, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China.

Study Design: Genetic cross-over study of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and its associated risk factors.

Objective: The purpose is to identify molecular biomarkers that may be involved in the IDD process and to provide effective recommendations in combination with drug analysis via systems biology methods.

Summary Of Background Data: The pathogenesis and genetic links of IDD are still unclear. Related research is mainly based on a single data set or gene, and the impact of related risk factors on IDD is often ignored.

Methods: Identifying disease-associated biomarkers and therapeutic targets through a systems biology approach that Integrative network-based gene and multi-omics analysis. In this study, the differential expression of genes was analyzed through NCBI datasets, followed by enrichment analysis. The central protein was identified through the establishment of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Key genes were screened out by VENN diagram and reasonable suggestions were put forward based on gene-chemical drug analysis.

Results: The IDD database analysis revealed 669 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were 22, 26, 168, 5, 38, 36, and 16 common DEGs with AG, SM, DEP, NAD, CED, OB, and HFD, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis may reveal the pathway by which these DEGs were involved. PPI network identified 10 central proteins including CCNB1, RETN, HMMR, BUB1, MPO, OIP5, HP, KIF11, BUB1B, and CDC25A. Three key genes BUB1, BUB1B, and CCNB1 were screened out and their expression might be related to the pathogenesis of IDD. According to the three chemical Dexamethasone, Nicotine, and Resvera-trol obtained from the analysis of genes-chemical drugs, reasonable treatment suggestions were put forward.

Conclusion: Genetic association between IDD and risk factors in the general population was revealed by association network. Important gene-related molecular pathways and chemical drugs closely related to IDD have been found. Further study can provide guidance for the treatment and prognosis of IDD.Level of Evidence: N/A.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0000000000004312DOI Listing
April 2022

Acute effect of fine particulate matter on blood pressure, heart rate and related inflammation biomarkers: A panel study in healthy adults.

Authors:
Zhaoyuan Li Yisi Liu Tianjun Lu Shouxin Peng Feifei Liu Jinhui Sun Hao Xiang

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021 Nov 24;228:113024. Epub 2021 Nov 24.

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China; Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China. Electronic address:

Epidemiological evidence of short-term fine particulate matter (PM) exposure on blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and related inflammation biomarkers has been inconsistent. We aimed to explore the acute effect of PM on BP, HR and the mediation effect of related inflammation biomarkers. A total of 32 healthy college students were recruited to perform 4 h of exposure at two sites with different PM concentrations in Wuhan between May 2019 and June 2019. The individual levels of PM concentration, BP and HR were measured hourly for each participant. Blood was drawn from each participant after each visit and we measured the levels of inflammation markers, including serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and plasma fibrinogen. Linear mixed-effect models were to explore the acute effect of PM exposure on BP, HR, and related inflammation biomarkers. In addition, we evaluated related inflammation biomarkers as the mediator in the association of PM and cardiovascular health indicators. The results showed that a 10 μg/m increment in PM concentration was associated with an increase of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.54, 1.15) beats/min (bpm) in HR and a 3.52% (95% CI: 1.60%, 5.48%) increase in fibrinogen. The lag effect model showed that the strongest effect on HR was observed at lag 3 h of PM exposure [1.96 bpm (95% CI: 1.19, 2.75)], but for fibrinogen, delayed exposure attenuated the association. Increased fibrinogen levels may account for 39.07% (P = 0.44) of the elevated HR by PM. Null association was observed when it comes to short-term PM exposure and BP. Short-term exposure to PM was associated with elevated HR and increased fibrinogen levels. But our finding was not enough to suggest that exposure to PM might induce adverse cardiovascular effects by the pathway of inflammation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113024DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8655618PMC
November 2021

Short-term impact of ambient temperature on the incidence of influenza in Wuhan, China.

Authors:
Yanbing Li Jingtao Wu Jiayuan Hao Qiujun Dou Hao Xiang Suyang Liu

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 Mar 22;29(12):18116-18125. Epub 2021 Oct 22.

School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.

Few studies have estimated the nonlinear association of ambient temperature with the risk of influenza. We therefore applied a time-series analysis to explore the short-term effect of ambient temperature on the incidence of influenza in Wuhan, China. Daily influenza cases were collected from Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Hubei CDC) from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017. The meteorological and daily pollutant data was obtained from the Hubei Meteorological Service Center and National Air Quality Monitoring Stations, respectively. We used a generalized additive model (GAM) coupled with the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to explore the exposure-lag-response relationship between the short-term risk of influenza and daily average ambient temperature. Analyses were also performed to assess the extreme cold and hot temperature effects. We observed that the ambient temperature was statistically significant, and the exposure-response curve is approximately S-shaped, with a peak observed at 23.57 ℃. The single-day lag curve showed that extreme hot and cold temperatures were both significantly associated with influenza. The extreme hot temperature has an acute effect on influenza, with the most significant effect observed at lag 0-1. The extreme cold temperature has a relatively smaller effect but lasts longer, with the effect exerted continuously during a lag of 2-4 days. Our study found significant nonlinear and delayed associations between ambient temperature and the incidence of influenza. Our finding contributes to the establishment of an early warning system for airborne infectious diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16948-yDOI Listing
March 2022

Rhizosphere Soil Bacterial Communities of Continuous Cropping-Tolerant and Sensitive Soybean Genotypes Respond Differently to Long-Term Continuous Cropping in Mollisols.

Authors:
Ming Yuan Taobing Yu Qihan Shi Dongwei Han Kanchao Yu Lianxia Wang Shurong Wang Hao Xiang Ronghui Wen Hai Nian Tengxiang Lian

Front Microbiol 2021 13;12:729047. Epub 2021 Sep 13.

The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

The continuous planting of soybeans leads to soil acidification, aggravation of soil-borne diseases, reduction in soil enzyme activity, and accumulation of toxins in the soil. Microorganisms in the rhizosphere play a very important role in maintaining the sustainability of the soil ecosystem and plant health. In this study, two soybean genotypes, one bred for continuous cropping and the other not, were grown in a Mollisol in northeast China under continuous cropping for 7 and 36years in comparison with soybean-maize rotation, and microbial communities in the rhizosphere composition were assessed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that short- or long-term continuous cropping had no significant effect on the rhizosphere soil bacterial alpha diversity. Short-term continuous planting increased the number of soybean cyst nematode (), while long-term continuous planting reduced these numbers. There were less soybean cyst nematodes in the rhizosphere of the tolerant genotypes than sensitive genotypes. In addition, continuous cropping significantly increased the potential beneficial bacterial populations, such as , , and compared to rotation and short-term continuous cropping, suggesting that long-term continuous cropping of soybean shifts the microbial community toward a healthy crop rotation system. Soybean genotypes that are tolerant to soybean might recruit some microorganisms that enhance the resistance of soybeans to long-term continuous cropping. Moreover, the network of the two genotypes responded differently to continuous cropping. The tolerant genotype responded positively to continuous cropping, while for the sensitive genotype, topology analyses on the instability of microbial community in the rhizosphere suggested that short periods of continuous planting can have a detrimental effect on microbial community stability, although this effect could be alleviated with increasing periods of continuous planting.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.729047DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8473881PMC
September 2021

Associations of Residential Greenness with Depression and Anxiety in Rural Chinese Adults.

Authors:
Niu Di Shanshan Li Hao Xiang Yinyu Xie Zhenxing Mao Jian Hou Xiaotian Liu Wenqian Huo Boyi Yang Guanghui Dong Chongjian Wang Gongbo Chen Yuming Guo

Innovation (Camb) 2020 Nov 2;1(3):100054. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.

Background: Depression and anxiety are top contributors to non-fatal health loss globally. Several studies have indicated the association between residential greenness and mental health.

Method: The participants (n = 27,366) were recruited from four counties in Henan Province, China during 2015-2017. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) in the baseline survey. The level of residential greenness during the 3-year period before the baseline survey was assessed using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). The mixed-effect linear regression model was applied to examine the associations of residential greenness with depression and anxiety.

Results: The results of adjusted models showed that the score of PHQ-2 (Δscore and 95% confidence interval [CI]) decreased by -0.024 (-0.041, -0.006) and -0.022 (-0.038, -0.004) with an interquartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI and EVI within a 1,000-m buffer radius, respectively. The score of GAD-2 (Δscore and 95% CI) decreased by -0.024 (-0.040, -0.006) and -0.028 (-0.044, -0.011), in relation to an IQR increase in NDVI and EVI within a 1,000-m buffer radius, respectively.

Conclusions: A higher level of residential greenness was significantly associated with lower risk of depression and anxiety in rural areas of Henan Province. Improving residential greenness accessibility may help to promote the mental health of rural populations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100054DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454668PMC
November 2020

Mental health of new undergraduate students before and after COVID-19 in China.

Authors:
Peng Lu Lei Yang Chongjian Wang Guoxin Xia Hao Xiang Gongbo Chen Ning Jiang Tingting Ye Yucheng Pang Hongwei Sun Lailai Yan Zhenguo Su Jane Heyworth Rachel Huxley Jane Fisher Shanshan Li Yuming Guo

Sci Rep 2021 09 22;11(1):18783. Epub 2021 Sep 22.

School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in severity of anxiety and depression symptoms, stress and sleeping quality after three months of mass quarantine for COVID-19 among undergraduate fresh students compared to their pre-COVID-19 measures. We used participants from the Chinese Undergraduate Cohort (CUC), a national prospective longitudinal study to examine the changes in anxiety and depression symptoms severity, stress and sleep quality after being under mass quarantine for three months. Wilcoxon matched pair signed-rank test was used to compare the lifestyle indicators. Severity of anxiety, depression symptoms, stress and sleep quality were compared with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. We used generalized estimating equation (GEE) to further quantify the change in mental health indicators and sleep quality after the COVID-19 mass quarantine compared to baseline. This study found that there was no deterioration in mental health status among Chinese new undergraduate students in 2020 after COVID-19 mass quarantine compared with the baseline measures in 2019. There was an improvement in sleep quality and anxiety symptoms. After adjusting for age, sex, exercise habit, time spent on mobile gadgets, and time spent outdoors, year 2020 was significantly associated with severity of depression symptoms in males (OR:1.52. 95%CI:1.05-2.20, p-value = 0.027). Year 2020 was significantly associated with the improvement of sleeping quality in total (OR:0.45, 95%CI:0.38-0.52, p < 0.001) and in all the subgroups. This longitudinal study found no deterioration in mental health status among Chinese new undergraduate students after three months of mass quarantine for COVID-19.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98140-3DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8458482PMC
September 2021

Identification of soluble thrombomodulin and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex as biomarkers for prognosis and early evaluation of septic shock and sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Authors:
Jin Zhang Mingming Xue Yao Chen Chenglong Liu Zhongshu Kuang Sucheng Mu Wei Wei Jun Yin Hao Xiang Yanyan Hu Xiangyu Long Shuo Fang Si Sun Beili Wang Chaoyang Tong Zhenju Song

Ann Palliat Med 2021 10 14;10(10):10170-10184. Epub 2021 Sep 14.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Endothelium injury and coagulation dysfunction play an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and α2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (PIC) are biomarkers of endothelium injury and coagulation dysfunction. This study aimed to explore the prognostic values and diagnostic performance for septic shock and sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) of endothelial biomarkers.

Methods: We conducted an observational study on patients with sepsis admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) at a teaching hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. Levels of sTM, t-PAIC, TAT and PIC were measured at admission day and day 5-7 after admission and detected by qualitative chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay performed on HISCL automated analyzers.

Results: A total of 179 septic patients and 125 non-septic ICU controls were enrolled. The level of sTM was higher in septic patients compared to ICU controls (OR =1.093, 95% CI: 1.045-1.151, P<0.001). Moreover, higher levels of sTM and t-PAIC were independent predictors of poor 60-day prognosis for septic patients (HR =1.012, 95% CI: 1.003-1.022, P=0.012; HR =1.014, P=0.009). Level of sTM was also higher in patients with septic shock as revealed by multivariate analysis (OR =1.049, 95% CI: 1.020-1.078, P=0.001), as well as in patients with sepsis-induced DIC (OR =1.109, 95% CI: 1.065-1.158, P<0.001). sTM was considered as a sensitive biomarker for the early prediction of septic shock and sepsis-induced DIC, with AUC up to 0.765 (0.687-0.842) and 0.864 (0.794-0.935) of receiver operating characteristic curve.

Conclusions: Most patients developed coagulopathy which was closely linked to endothelial injury in initial phase of sepsis, which was demonstrated by abnormalities in endothelial biomarkers and their strong association with poor 60-day prognosis and development of septic shock and sepsis-induced DIC.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-2222DOI Listing
October 2021

Dichroic Circular Polarizers Based on Plasmonics for Polarization Imaging Applications.

Authors:
Junyan Zheng Xin He Paul Beckett Xinjie Sun Zixin Cai Wenyi Zhang Xu Liu Xiang Hao

Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021 Aug 23;11(8). Epub 2021 Aug 23.

State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Dichroic circular polarizers (DCP) represent an important group of optical filters that transfer only that part of the incident light with the desired polarization state and absorb the remainder. However, DCPs are usually bulky and exhibit significant optical loss. Moreover, the integration of these kinds of DCP devices can be difficult and costly as different compositions of chemicals are needed to achieve the desired polarization status. Circular polarizers based on metasurfaces require only thin films in the order of hundreds of nanometers but are limited by their sensitivity to angle of incidence. Furthermore, few existing solutions offer broadband operation in the visible range. By using computational simulations, this paper proposes and analyses a plasmonic DCP structure operating in the visible, from 400 nm to 700 nm which overcomes these drawbacks. The resulting circular dichroism transmission (CDT) is more than 0.9, and the maximum transmission efficiency is greater than 78% at visible wavelengths. These CDT characteristics are largely independent of angle of incidence up to angles of 80 degrees.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082145DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8399006PMC
August 2021
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