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J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, Texas.

Background: It is widely believed that septic arthritis poses a risk of joint destruction and long-term adverse outcomes for children if not treated emergently. In the present study, children who had primary confirmed septic arthritis were compared with those who had septic arthritis and adjacent osteomyelitis to evaluate differences that affect the relative risk of adverse outcomes.

Methods: Children who underwent multidisciplinary treatment for septic arthritis with or without contiguous osteomyelitis between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively studied. Read More

Jpn J Radiol 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To investigate CT patterns of COVID-19 pneumonia associated with respiratory failure (RF) focused on the distribution of lesions.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-five patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were reviewed. CT findings were classified as follows: Type A; patchy ground glass attenuation (GGA) with/without air-space consolidation, Type B; non-segmental GGA with/without air-space consolidation in both the central and peripheral lung portions especially with subpleural spare, and Type C; non-segmental GGA with/without air-space consolidation predominantly distributed in the peripheral lung portion without subpleural spare. Read More

Gland Surg 2021 Mar;10(3):1125-1134

Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.

Background: This study explored the expression and clinical significance of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), tumor necrosis factor α induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2), and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) in breast cancer tissue.

Methods: From October 2014 to October 2017, 68 breast cancer patients (68 breast cancer tissue specimens) who underwent a radical mastectomy in our hospital were set as the observation group and the corresponding normal tissue 3 cm away from the cancer tissue was selected as the control group. The expression levels of STAT3, TIPE2, and RUNX1 in the two groups were compared via immunohistochemical staining. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 9;13(3):e13789. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, JPN.

Cervical stump cancer, which arises in the remaining uterine cervix of a woman with a history of supravaginal hysterectomy, accounts for 1.6-4.4% of all cervical cancers. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 9;13(3):e13780. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, USA.

Purpose Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) delivers large radiation doses to the prostate while minimizing exposure to adjacent normal tissues. Large fraction sizes may increase the risks of functional decrements. Elderly men may be at an increased risk of these toxicities due to poor baseline function and hence limited reserve. Read More

Front Physiol 2021 26;12:652128. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Background: Inhomogeneous intra-atrial conduction facilitates both initiation and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF) and is reflected in electrogram (EGM) morphology.

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to investigate regional differences in features of different EGM types during sinus rhythm (SR) and to design a patient-specific signal fingerprint, which quantifies the severity and extensiveness of inhomogeneity in conduction.

Methods: Patients ( = 189, 86% male; mean age 65 ± 9 years) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) underwent high-resolution mapping of the right atrium (RA), left atrium (LA), and pulmonary vein area (PVA) including Bachmann's bundle (BB). Read More

Biodivers Data J 2021 1;9:e65199. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Team of National Ecosystem Survey, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, South Korea Team of National Ecosystem Survey, National Institute of Ecology Seocheon South Korea.

The liverwort flora of Ayan was first investigated one hundred and fifty years after the first exploration of vascular plants. A number of factors has determined the relatively high taxonomic diversity of liverworts in this hemiarctic flora of small-sized area: 118 species and one subspecies were revealed. These data are new not only for the studied area, but also for the huge land adjacent to the western coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2021 Mar 29;782:146821. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Laboratoire de Biomathématiques et d'Estimations Forestières, Université d'Abomey Calavi, Benin.

The establishment of grazing exclosures is widely practiced to restore degraded agricultural lands and forests. Here, we evaluated the potential of grazing exclosures to contribute to the "4 per 1000" initiative by analyzing the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and sequestration (SCS) rates after their establishment on degraded communal grazing lands in Tigray region of Ethiopia. We selected grazing areas that were excluded from grazing for 5 to 24 years across the three agroecological zones of the region and used adjacent open grazing lands (OGLs) as control. Read More

Pancreas 2021 Mar;50(3):434-440

From the Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery.

Abstract: The incidence of pancreatic cystic neoplasms has grown because of increased detection. Among these lesions, serous cystadenoma was traditionally thought to be universally benign and indolent. However, there is an exceedingly rare malignant variant of serous cystadenoma known as serous cystadenocarcinoma (SCAC) that can exhibit local invasion into adjacent structures, hepatic implants, and metastatic spread to the abdominal viscera. Read More

J Spine Surg 2021 Mar;7(1):83-99

Section of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic Indian River Hospital, Vero Beach, FL, USA.

Minimally invasive techniques have become part of the spine surgeons' armamentarium and are currently utilized to treat many conditions involving the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine. Surgical treatment of severe degenerative conditions such as multilevel spinal stenosis, tandem stenosis, combination of stenosis or disk herniation and spondylolisthesis at adjacent spinal levels, as well as extensive infections or hematomas, may require a multilevel tailored approach with all the challenges that such surgical planning entails. Although the use of minimally invasive tubular decompressive procedures has gained widespread popularity in the recent years, the adoption of such techniques during multilevel spine surgery can be at times challenging. Read More

Water Environ Res 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan (R.O.C.).

In this study, the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP7) was used to evaluate the transmission of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination in a water-sediment system and its flux into cultivated soils. The agricultural areas adjacent to the Wu River in Taiwan were taken as the study area, as these soils were heavily polluted with Cr(VI) concentrations of 2,173-3,271 μg/kg. The rates of accumulation of Cr(VI) are affected by the distance from the source of contamination and the size and type of cultivated areas. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021 Mar;25(6):2622-2629

Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Cardiovascular diseases lead to one of the diseases with high mortality worldwide. Although considerable progress has been made in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cardiovascular disease, there is still an urgent need for new diagnostic biomarkers and new treatments to reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes and microvesicles (MVs) can be used as diagnostic biomarkers of protein and genetic information transmitted between adjacent and distant cells. Read More

Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the long-term results for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) treated with dynamic stabilization (DS) and to consider how we can improve the results.

Summary Of Background Data: Few studies have reported long-term outcomes of DS surgery for LSS with or without spondylolisthesis. Read More

Plant Dis 2021 Apr 6. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants, Siebeldingen, Germany;

Flavescence dorée (FD) and Bois noir (BN) are the principal grapevine yellows diseases in Europe caused by distinct phytoplasmas: FD by 16SrV phytoplasmas (FDp), BN by Candidatus Phytoplasma solani. FDp is spread epidemically by the introduced Nearctic Deltocephalinae Scaphoideus titanus and is listed as a quarantine pest in the European Union (Regulation (EU) 2019/2072). Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) is a common asymptotic host of 16SrV phytoplasmas in Europe and considered the original host of FDp (Malembic-Maher et al. Read More

PLoS One 2021 6;16(4):e0248855. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States of America.

Excluding large native mammals is an inverse test of rewilding. A 25-year exclosure experiment in an African savanna rangeland offers insight into the potentials and pitfalls of the rewilding endeavor as they relate to the native plant community. A broad theme that has emerged from this research is that entire plant communities, as well as individual plants, adjust to the absence of herbivores in ways that can ill-prepare them for the return of these herbivores. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2021 Apr 6:1-24. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Objective: Individuals with HIV are at increased risk for osteoporosis. A healthy diet with adequate calcium is recommended to promote bone health. However, lengthy nutritional assessments pose barriers to routine screenings in clinical practice. Read More

Cancer Med 2021 Apr 4. Epub 2021 Apr 4.

Department of Infectious Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant disease worldwide. Although the diagnosis and treatment of HCC have greatly improved in the recent years, there is still a lack of accurate methods to predict the prognosis of patients. Evidence has shown that Hippo signaling in tissues adjacent to HCC plays a significant role in HCC development. Read More

Orthop Surg 2021 Apr 4. Epub 2021 Apr 4.

Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.

Objective: To evaluate preliminary results of a 3D-printed modular prosthesis for spinal reconstruction after multilevel thoracolumbar total en bloc spondylectomy (TES).

Methods: Patients with thoracolumbar spinal tumors treated surgically between January 2016 and April 2019 were included in this retrospective study. A total of 17 male and 10 female patients with a mean age of 42 (range, 15-72) years comprised the sample. Read More

Rom J Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Mar;65(1):38-45

Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, AUTH (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki), Thessaloniki, Greece.

to examine the lens epithelial cells in diabetic patients with pseudoexfoliation to ultramicroscope and to compare the findings with those of patients without diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or without pseudoexfoliation (PEX). Forty patients aged 65-86 years were enrolled in the study. All patients had senile cataract and were divided into four groups of ten patients in each group. Read More

Am J Clin Exp Urol 2021 15;9(1):140-149. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Introduction And Objective: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prostatic disease that is significantly associated with aging. However, it is not well understood how aging contributes to BPH pathogenesis. Several factors associated with an increased risk of BPH are also associated with increasing age, including chronic inflammation and declining epithelial barrier function. Read More

Cureus 2021 Feb 25;13(2):e13547. Epub 2021 Feb 25.

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

While the use of image-guided navigation is an excellent adjunct to the use of anatomical landmarks, dynamic changes that may occur in the position of critical structures are not accounted for during and after tumor resection. Unlike navigation, Doppler ultrasonography provides real-time imaging of the anterior skull base and can be used to accurately identify the location of vital structures during skull base surgery. A 56-year-old female initially presented with new onset left eye visual deficits. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 Mar 29;2021(3):rjab056. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Nelson Hospital, Nelson Marlborough District Health Board, Nelson, New Zealand.

There are but a handful of reported brachial artery aneurysms, the majority of which are pseudoaneurysms or false aneurysms caused by trauma or fistula creation. True or primary brachial artery aneurysms are even more rare, and if they occur, they often do so in isolation. In this case report, we discuss the interesting finding of a large primary brachial aneurysm together with an adjacent aneurysmal basilic vein identified intra-operatively. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Mar 10:101514. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania; National Institute of Endocrinology C.I. Parhon, Bucharest, Romania. Electronic address:

External radiation therapy (RT) directed to the pituitary gland is generally recommended in patients with Cushing's disease (CD) as adjuvant to transsphenoidal surgery, among other second-line therapies offered to patients with residual or recurrent hypercortisolism (i.e., medical treatment, repeat surgery or bilateral adrenalectomy). Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Apr 2;11(1):7473. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Anthropology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.

Natural disasters (NDs) experienced by women and their children during prenatal and infant growth may have long-lasting effects on offspring's development. Handgrip strength (HGS) is one of the measures of muscular strength and an indicator of health status. This study compared HGS in children exposed to cyclone Aila in India during their prenatal and infant growth compared to a control group from a non-affected, adjacent area. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Mar 11;10(6). Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.

Infiltration of adjacent dura with meningioma cells is a common phenomenon. Wide resection of the dural tail (DT) to achieve a gross total resection is a general recommendation. We aimed to investigate a tumor cell infiltration of the DT after image-guided resection of convexity meningiomas. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2021 Mar 22;52:151732. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicines, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.

Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) is a rare entity characterized by severe post-prandial epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and/or weight loss. Symptoms have been attributed to vascular compression (celiac artery compression syndrome, CACS), but it remains controversial whether they could be secondary to neural compression. Literature review identified rare description of pathologic findings in surgery journals. Read More

World Neurosurg 2021 Mar 30. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: Surgical treatment has been widely used to treat patients with Hirayama Disease (HD) nowadays. However, post-operation follow-up with abundant samples is still scarce. This study investigated short-to mid-term clinical outcomes after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) among HD patients. Read More