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Semin Thromb Hemost 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Worldwide, traumatic injury is responsible for over 5 million deaths per year, the majority due to exsanguination and head injury. The antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid is the only drug proven to reduce deaths after traumatic injury. Several large randomized controlled trials have provided high-quality evidence of its effectiveness and safety in trauma patients. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, California.

Objective:  Twin vaginal deliveries (VDs) are often performed in the operating room (OR) given the theoretical risk of conversion to cesarean delivery (CD) for the aftercoming twin. We aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of performing VDs for twin gestations in the labor and delivery room (LDR) versus OR.

Study Design:  We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision-analysis model that compared the costs and effectiveness of two strategies of twin deliveries undergoing a trial of labor: (1) intended delivery in the LDR and 2) delivery in the OR. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Medicine, University Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Objective:  The aim of the study is to examine the impact of maternal interpregnancy body mass index (BMI) change on subsequent offspring mortality risk.

Study Design:  This is a retrospective cohort study of women who had two consecutive live singleton deliveries of at least 20 weeks' gestation from the Utah Population Database. Our exposure was defined as interpregnancy BMI change from the date of first delivery to the conception date of subsequent pregnancy. Read More

Endocr Connect 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

T Naessen, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Objectives: Circulating concentrations of endogenous steroids have systemic implications for health in elderly. However, population-based age- and ethnicity-specific data are scarce. The aim was to report sex-specific plasma concentrations of endogenous sex- and adrenal steroids in elderly Swedish Caucasians, to examine the impact of BMI, and to present concentrations in apparently healthy subjects. Read More

J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021 Apr 20:1-9. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

1Department of Radiation Oncology, and.

Background: Palliative radiotherapy (RT) is effective, but some patients die during treatment or too soon afterward to experience benefit. This study investigates end-of-life RT patterns to inform shared decision-making and facilitate treatment consistent with palliative goals.

Materials And Methods: All patients who died ≤6 months after initiating palliative RT at an academic cancer center between 2015 and 2018 were identified. Read More

Stem Cell Res 2021 Apr 17;53:102345. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Vinmec Institute of Applied Sciences and Regenerative Medicine (VIASRM), Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Viet Nam; College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam. Electronic address:

We have established the original footprint-free Vietnamese human induced pluripotent stem cell line, VRISGi001-A, from cord-blood derived CD34 + hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of a 35 year old healthy woman under cGMP-compliant process. For the hiPSC induction, three Sendai virus vectors carrying four reprogramming factors including c-MYC, SOX2, KLF4, and OCT3/4 were delivered into CD34 HSCs. The VRISGi001-A cell line expresses the majority of the pluripotent markers and differentiate in vitro into derivatives of three germ layers. Read More

Waste Manag 2021 Apr 17;126:719-727. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

GIRO, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 - Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address:

Three catch crop species, ryegrass, forage rape and black oat, were grown between successive rotations of maize to reduce nitrogen leaching due to maize fertilization with digested dairy manure. Catch crops showed a high nutrient uptake, but with a wide range, depending on the year and the specie. Ensiling was shown to be a feasible storing method increasing catch crop methane production per hectare between 14-36% compared with fresh catch crop. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 14;82:105888. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of General Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address:

Introduction: Cecal bascule is a rare type of cecal volvulus occurring in the elderly population with a male predominance. It is a condition where the cecum folds upward upon itself.

Importance: There are only a handful of case reports published about cecal bascule. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 14;82:105892. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, Sector 10, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400703, India. Electronic address:

Introduction: Lumbar hernias are considered rare and they constitute less than 1.5% of all abdominal wall hernias.

Case Report: Here we present a case of a 72-year-old female with a left flank swelling since 2-years diagnosed as a lumbar incisional hernia. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 15;82:105887. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital, End of Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 1419733141, Iran. Electronic address:

Introduction And Importance: Sternoclavicular joint dislocation accounts for 1 percent of the human joint dislocations. Sternoclavicular joint dislocation most commonly occurs in anterior or posterior dislocation. To the best of the authors knowledge, only six cases of superior sternoclavicular joint dislocation are reported in the literature. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 15;82:105889. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania; Department of Urology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania.

Introduction And Importance: Advanced prostate cancer often presents with lower urinary tract symptoms together with features of cancer on digital rectal examination. The commonest sites of metastasis include bone, liver and lungs. Metastasis to axillary lymph nodes is extremely unusual particularly as initial presentation of the disease. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 10;82:105883. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.

Introduction: Neurofibromatosis is a disease that causes various abnormalities such as neurofibroma, mainly in the skin and nerves. The common sites in the oral cavity are the palate, gingiva, tongue, buccal mucosa, and lips but, occurrence in the mandible is rare.

Presentation Of Case: A 26-year-old woman was referred to our clinic because of percussion pain. Read More

J Neurol Sci 2021 Apr 17;425:117447. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Neurology Research Group, UCT Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address:

Data regarding the risk of tuberculosis (TB) in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy is limited, and the benefit of TB preventative therapy in these patients is uncertain. We audited observational data collected at an MG clinic in South Africa over a ~ 10-year period, of cases who received immunosuppressive therapy. The total time that the cohort was at risk (patient-years) was used as the denominator to calculate TB incidence after immunosuppressive therapy initiation. Read More

Vision Res 2021 Apr 17;185:17-28. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7HX, UK.

Navon hierarchical stimuli are designed to measure responses to the global level (grouped local elements, e.g. a forest) and the local level (individuated local elements, e. Read More

J Environ Manage 2021 Apr 17;290:112597. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India. Electronic address:

This study was aimed to isolate fast-growing thraustochytrids and the influence of seasonal variation in fatty acid composition from the mangrove habitat. The thraustochytrids were isolated from fallen yellowish or green mangrove leaves, in four seasons, including winter, summer, rainy, and post rainy season in one year. The thraustochytrids were analyzed for biomass production, total lipid content, and fatty acid profile. Read More

Breast 2021 Apr 1;58:10-17. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China. Electronic address:

Background: Previous studies revealed that patients with early-stage metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) underwent mastectomy more often than breast-conserving therapy (BCT) mainly due to the larger tumor size. This study was performed to compare the survival outcomes following BCT versus mastectomy for patients with early-stage MBC.

Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify women diagnosed with early-stage MBC (T1-3N0-3M0) between 2001 and 2016, who were treated with either BCT or mastectomy. Read More

Drug Alcohol Depend 2021 Apr 14;223:108698. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, T12 XF62, Ireland; Department of Public Health HSE-South, St. Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, T12XH60, Ireland. Electronic address:

Background: Alcohol consumption is a major public health concern in Ireland. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM). However, little is known about the prevalence of AUD in this group in Ireland specifically, and the characteristics of MSM who may struggle with this. Read More

Accid Anal Prev 2021 Apr 17;156:106126. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, United States. Electronic address:

Railroads are critical to the economic health of a nation. Unfortunately, railroads lose hundreds of millions of dollars from accidents each year. Trends reveal that derailments consistently account for more than 70 % of the U. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2021 Apr 16;139:109725. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Radiology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, København, Denmark.

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to investigate Dual-energy CT (DECT) derived virtual non-calcium (VNCa) values for absolute quantification of the bone marrow composition in the wrist.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively included consecutive adult participants and examined their wrists with DECT. Ranges of VNCa and calcium values were measured in the carpal bones, radius and ulna using a semi-automatic method. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021 Apr 17;30(7):105798. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Neuroradiology, AUSL Romagna, M. Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy. Electronic address:

A 71-year-old man, with a pial micro-arteriovenous malformation (pAVM) draining into the confluence of the vein of Trolard and the vein of Labbé was surgically removed, sparing these cortical veins. 4-months MR and angiographic controls showed a de novo dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) draining into the previously spared cortical veins. It was removed using intraoperative motor evoked potentials (MEP). Read More

J Crit Care 2021 Apr 17;64:131-138. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Paediatric Critical, Intermediate and Palliative Care Section, Paediatric Area, University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Galician Public Health System (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Purpose: To describe the way patients die in a Spanish ICU, and how the modes of death have changed in the last 10 years.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective observational study evaluating all patients who died in a Spanish tertiary ICU over a 10-year period. Modes of death were classified as death despite maximal support (D-MS), brain death (BD), and death following life-sustaining treatment limitation (D-LSTL). Read More

Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia. Electronic address:

Objective: To evaluate if returning to pivoting sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is associated with longitudinal structural and symptomatic osteoarthritis outcomes.

Design: Eighty-one adults aged 18-50 years were followed prospectively 1- to 5-years post-ACLR. Return to pivoting sport was assessed at 1-, 3- and 5-years. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To show the challenging diagnosis and safe robotic surgical approach of a rare case of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL).

Design: A clinical case shown by a sequential demonstration of investigation, diagnosis and surgical approach, with narrated video footage.

Setting: DPL is a rare disease, with just over 150 cases reported in literature. Read More

Hand Surg Rehabil 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

UZ Leuven, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:

We report on a retrospective cohort of 50 cases of three-ligament tenodesis for scapholunate instability. Fifteen cases (30% of our cohort) needed salvage surgery (11 proximal row carpectomies, 2 partial and 2 total wrist fusions) at an average of 33 months and are considered "failures". Of the 35 remaining cases ("success"), 16 (32% of our cohort) were reviewed at average 111 months and had good functional outcomes (QuickDASH 18/100, PRWE 11/100, pain 1/10, satisfaction 9/10). Read More

Arthroscopy 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Purpose: Evaluate minimum 5-year outcomes and conversion rates to total hip arthroplasty (THA) for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome with an isolated acetabular osteoplasty.

Methods: Patients undergoing hip arthroscopy with an isolated acetabular osteoplasty from March 2009 to June 2014 for FAI syndrome with pincer and/or cam morphology and a labral tear were identified. Patients who underwent a femoroplasty, had previous hip conditions, ipsilateral hip dysplasia, Tonnis >2, or had prior ipsilateral hip surgery were excluded. Read More

Neuroimage 2021 Apr 17:118083. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.

By using a longitudinal design and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), our previous study (Wang et al., 2020) found a scaffolding effect of early phonological processing in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in 6-year-old children on later behavioral reading skill in 7.5-year-old children. Read More

Neuroimage 2021 Apr 17:118067. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with unknown brain etiology. Our knowledge to date about structural brain development across the lifespan in ASD comes mainly from cross-sectional studies, thereby limiting our understanding of true age effects within individuals with the disorder that can only be gained through longitudinal research. The present study describes FreeSurfer-derived volumetric findings from a longitudinal dataset consisting of 607 T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans collected from 105 male individuals with ASD (349 MRIs) and 125 typically developing male controls (258 MRIs). Read More

Prev Med 2021 Apr 17:106565. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Many healthcare workers in eldercare are pushed out of the labor market before the official retirement age due to poor health. Identification of early warnings signs is important to avoid complete loss of work ability. The aim of this study was to investigate to what degree sickness absence and presenteeism increase future risk for disability pension among eldercare workers. Read More

Chest 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Div. of Respirology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Understanding how health outcomes differ for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with advanced lung disease in the United States (US) compared to Canada has health policy implications.

Research Question: What are rates of lung transplant (LTx) and rates of death without LTx in the US and Canada among individuals with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV) <40% predicted?

Study Design: and Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study, 2005-2016, using the US CF Foundation, United Network for Organ Sharing, and Canadian CF registries. Individuals with CF and ≥2 FEV measurements <40% predicted within a 5-year period, age ≥6 years, without prior LTx were included. Read More

Chest 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Pulmonary and Critical Care Department, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: The value of the single breath diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) relates to outcomes in COPD patients. However, little is known about the natural course of DLco over time, the intersubject variability and the factors that may influence DLco progression.

Research Question: What is the natural course of DLco in COPD patients over time, and which other factors, including sex differences could influence this progression?

Study Design And Methods: We phenotyped 602 smokers (33% women) of which 506 (84%) had COPD and 96 (16%) had no airflow limitation. Read More