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Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022 Jul 11;38(4):366-374. Epub 2022 May 11.

Rabindranath Tagore International Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Narayana Health, Kolkata, India.

Purpose: Indian patients who undergo surgical revascularization are relatively younger than their Western counterparts and are predominantly revascularized using off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) technique. They may therefore be at a reduced risk of developing post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF). The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of POAF, measure its impact on outcomes, and identify the predictors for POAF in the Indian patients undergoing OPCAB. Read More

Indian J Crit Care Med 2022 May;26(5):560-563

Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Introduction: Invasive candidiasis is a serious infection seen in hospitalized or immunocompromised patients. Mortality rates for candidemia can be as high as 30-60%. is an emerging species of and is increasingly becoming a global public health problem. Read More

World Dev 2022 Jun;154:105860

International Food Policy Research Institute, South Asia Region, New Delhi, India.

Measuring empowerment is both complicated and time consuming. A number of recent efforts have focused on how to better measure this complex multidimensional concept such that it is easy to implement. In this paper, we use machine learning techniques, specifically LASSO, using survey data from five Indian states to abbreviate a recently developed measure of nutritional empowerment, the Women's Empowerment in Nutrition Index (WENI) that has 33 distinct indicators. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 3;14(5):e24700. Epub 2022 May 3.

Ophthalmology, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, IND.

Background In India, donor eye collection and promotion of eye banking are insufficient to meet the needs. By adequately evaluating donor corneas, eye banks can maximize the number of viable corneas for transplantation. This study evaluated donor corneal tissue based on age, lens status, and cause of death by their morphology and endothelial cell count via slit lamp and specular microscopy. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022 Jul 3;35(7):895-900. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Growth and Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Objectives: Owing to increase in referrals for precocity observed during COVID-19 lockdown, this study was conducted to estimate the proportion of patients referred for precocity and within these, those with idiopathic central precocious puberty (iCPP) before vs. during the COVID lockdown, and to assess the differences in anthropometric and clinical characteristics among iCPP patients in the two groups.

Methods: Retrospective study conducted at a tertiary level paediatric endocrinology centre (Western India) evaluating proportion of referrals for precocity and comparing demographics, anthropometry, pubertal staging and bone age at presentation among children with iCPP divided into two groups (pre-lockdown-group 1, lockdown-group 2). Read More

Sci Total Environ 2022 Sep 29;839:156373. Epub 2022 May 29.

University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India. Electronic address:

Land treatment has become an essential waste management practice. Therefore, soil becomes a major source of contaminants including organic chemicals and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) which enter the food chain, primarily through leaching to potable water sources, plant uptake, and animal transfer. A range of soil amendments are used to manage the mobility of contaminants and subsequently their bioavailability. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;70(6):2024-2028

Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to genotype two previously identified SNPs (rs1048661:R141L, and rs3825942:G153D) in the lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) gene and determine their association with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in patients from Pune, India.

Methods: All subjects underwent detailed phenotyping, and DNA extraction was performed on blood samples by using standardized techniques. Exon 1 of the LOXL1 gene containing the SNPs (rs3825942:G153D; rs1048661:R141L) were Sanger sequenced, and the results were analyzed using sequence analysis software SeqScape 2. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2022 May 27;22(1):311. Epub 2022 May 27.

Division of Neonatology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11175 Anderson Street Rm 11121, Coleman Avenue, Loma Linda, 92354, USA.

Background: Sildenafil is the drug of choice for neonatal pulmonary hypertension in developing countries where inhaled nitric oxide is not available. Available as oral and intravenous preparation - no study has been done in the past to compare the two forms. Each has its own benefits - but requires comparison in terms of efficacy and safety. Read More

J Ultrasound 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Neonatology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Purpose: SGA infants with fetal growth restriction have reduced ability to adapt themselves to the postnatal life because of certain epigenetic changes in cardiac function. The aim of the present study is to assess and compare the cardiac functions of fetal growth restricted SGA newborns to the term stable AGA newborns, and evaluate any differences in the cardiac functions during the postnatal transitional circulation.

Method: This observational study was conducted at a multispecialty tertiary care hospital in Western India from June to November 2021. Read More

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2022 May 22. Epub 2022 May 22.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.

Background: The diagnosis and management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may vary between otolaryngologists and allergists. Moreover, the adherence of different practitioners to European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2020 guideline recommendations has not been previously ascertained in Asia-Pacific regions.

Objective: Different specialists' perceptions and managements of CRS in Asia-Pacific regions were assessed in an attempt to gauge these practices against EPOS 2020 guidelines. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2022 May;70(5):11-12

Department of Clinical & Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Indian Council of Medical Research, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra Corresponding Author.

Background: Dysregulated serum levels of Mannan binding lectin (MBL) has a probable role in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis.

Objective: To evaluate the association between serum MBL levels in SLE patients from western India with the severity of disease Methods: SLE patients (n=70) from Western India were included. Based on MBL levels, patients were classified into four categories, viz. Read More

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2022 Apr 4:1-6. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Background: Although well known in clinical practice, research in lichen planus pigmentosus and related dermal pigmentary diseases is restricted due to lack of consensus on nomenclature and disease definition.

Aims And Objectives: Delphi exercise to define and categorise acquired dermal pigmentary diseases.

Methods: Core areas were identified including disease definition, etiopathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnostic methods, treatment modalities and outcome measures. Read More

Med J Armed Forces India 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Scientist E, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

Background: COVID-19 is a multi system disorder and causes various abnormalities in liver function tests. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of abnormal liver function tests in patients of COVID-19 and to describe the association of liver function tests with clinical features and disease severity in these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated and analyzed the liver function tests of all real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra. Read More

J Hum Hypertens 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Chem Biodivers 2022 Jun 20;19(6):e202200001. Epub 2022 May 20.

Annasaheb Kulkarni Department of Biodiversity, M.E.S. Abasaheb Garware College, Pune-411004, Maharashtra, India.

Plant insect interactions are governed by various factors. Nectar availability and floral nectar composition play a significant role in deciding the pollinator pool that visits a particular plant species. This study investigates nectar sugar composition and volume from three endemic species from Western Ghats of India viz. Read More

Perit Dial Int 2022 May 16:8968608221091023. Epub 2022 May 16.

Pediatric Nephrology, Akron's Children Hospital, OH, USA.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). There is a need to have prospective data on the risk factors and outcomes of acute peritoneal dialysis (PD) in neonates. The use of kidney replacement therapy in this population compared to older populations has been associated with worse outcomes (mortality rates 17-24%) along with a longer stay in the NICU and/or hospital. Read More

Indian J Pharmacol 2022 Mar-Apr;54(2):97-101

Department of Clinical Pharmacology, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background: CYP3A5 enzymes belong to the phase I Group of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which are involved in the metabolism of 50% of the drugs. Participants with CYP3A5 genotype: CYP3A5 *1/*1 are fast metabolizers of drugs and hence will require higher dosing. Whereas those with CYP3A5 * 3/*3 are poor metabolizers of drugs and will require a lower dose to achieve target drug concentration in the blood and those with CYP3A5 * 1/*3 have intermediate drug metabolizing activity. Read More

Indian J Med Res 2021 05;154(5):743-749

ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Kerala Unit, T D Medical College & Hospital, Alappuzha, Kerala, India.

Background & Objectives: Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is a zoonotic tick-borne disease across the Western Ghats of India. With the discovery of a cluster of human KFD cases in the Wayanad district of Kerala, the present study was focused on detecting KFD virus (KFDV) in tick populations. To manage this disease, it is necessary to understand the diversity of the tick species and factors influencing the distribution, abundance and prevalence of infected ticks in Wayanad district. Read More

Int J Trichology 2022 Mar-Apr;14(2):60-61. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

Skin and Hair World, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

The activity of tofacitinib for Alopecia areata (AA) has been reported but mainly from the western countries. We report the case of a young female Indian patient with AA unresponsive to therapy. Improvements in terms of hair regrowth were observed within 2 months of treatment with oral tofacitinib 5 mg BID tablets. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2022 Apr 18;11(4):1257-1261. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Community Medicine, Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.

Context: Radiography is used in forensics for the identification of humans, especially in cases where the body is decomposed, fragmented, or burned. In the skull bones, the zygomatic bone and maxilla including the maxillary sinus tend to remain intact even if the other bones are badly disfigured. Hence, the maxillary sinus has been considered by several authors for sex identification. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1742-1748

Operation Eyesight Universal, PGR ICARE Campus, Kismatpur, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of blindness and severe visual impairment (SVI) by using a door-to-door screening and vision center (VC) examination strategy in an urban area in western Maharashtra (Pune), India and repeat the exercise after 4 years to study its impact.

Methods: Four trained community health workers measured the visual acuity and performed an external ocular examination in patients' homes. People with vision <6/18 were requested to visit the VC for a comprehensive eye examination by an optometrist. Read More

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022 Apr 1;23(4):1291-1300. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Department of Molecular Biology, Genetics Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Deemed to Be University Malkapur, Karad Satara, Maharashtra, Pin: 415 539, India.

Background: Last few years, several studies all over the world revealed the association of DNA repair genes with risk of developing different type of cancers, but were ambiguous to support the evidences in case of cervical cancer risk. These differences in earlier studies directed us to study the association of polymorphisms of BER genes (XRCC1, hOGG1, XPC) and NER genes (XPC, XPD) with cervical cancer susceptibility in the women of rural population of Maharashtra.

Materials And Methods: The genetic polymorphism in BER and NER pathway genes was studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method using DNA isolated from intravenous blood samples of patients and normal controls. Read More

Med J Armed Forces India 2022 Apr 19. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Professor & Head, Dept of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.

Background: Despite having an effective COVID-19 vaccine, the COVID-19 pandemic is far from over and the delta variant continues to cause havoc across several continents. The present study was conducted to analyze and describe the occurrence of COVID-19 cases among completely vaccinated individuals.

Methods: In an educational institute in Western Maharashtra, we analyzed a cluster of RTPCR positive COVID-19 cases among fully vaccinated students which occurred in 12 days. Read More

Med J Armed Forces India 2022 Apr 2;78(2):175-179. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.

Background: Even after 35 years of the National Leprosy Eradication Program (NLEP) and 15 years post-elimination, leprosy continues to be a public health challenge in India. This paper discusses the current awareness of leprosy among people living in urban slums of western Maharashtra.

Methods: The study was conducted in an urban slum of western Maharashtra with 400 participants. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2022 Mar;70(3):11-12

Associate Professor and Incharge, Rheumatology Clinic, TNMC and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra.

Background: SLE is a common connective tissue disease in Indians (mostly women) which is frequently underdiagnosed due to limited awareness and knowledge regarding the disease.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Western India among patients of SLE attending outpatient Rheumatology Clinic and inpatient admissions of Topiwala Medical College and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai. Sixty patients were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2022 Mar;70(3):11-12

Asso. Professor, Department of General Medicine, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan.

SARS-CoV-2 is well known disorder to affect respiratory system, although it can also influence several extrapulmonary organs through variety of pathological mechanism. In this study, we aimed to discuss the prevalence of atypical and/or extrapulmonary manifestations in COVID-19, therefor action for early isolation and diagnosis can be initiated to prevent spread of infection.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 4200 admitted COVID-19 patients. Read More

Virus Genes 2022 Apr 18. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, Maharashtra, India.

The present study was conducted to study the molecular phylodynamics of the Indian field IBDVs. A total of 13 organized commercial poultry farms and 29 village poultry flocks were recruited in the study. The broiler flocks showed 15. Read More

GeoJournal 2022 Apr 13:1-14. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Molecular Biodiversity Lab, Department of Zoology & Wildlife Biology, Government Arts College, Udhagamandalam-643002, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu India.

Poaching and illegal trafficking are major threats to biodiversity, especially when endangered felids are concerned. Tigers are iconic animals, and there is huge demand for their body parts both in the national and international illegal markets. India forms the largest tiger conservation unit in the world and poaching is at its peak even though there are stringent laws and strict enforcement. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2022 8;15:1717-1732. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, 160036, India.

Introduction: The mechanistic details of first line drug (FLD) resistance have been thoroughly explored but the genetic resistance mechanisms of second line injectables, which form the backbone of the combinatorial drug resistant tuberculosis therapy, are partially identified. This study aims to highlight the genetic and spoligotypic differences in the second line drug (SLD) resistant and sensitive ( clinical isolates from Mumbai (Western India) and Lucknow (Northern India).

Methods: The and target loci were screened in 126 isolates and spoligotyped. Read More