Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Microb Pathog 2021 Apr 9:104859. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico.

Fasciolosis is a worldwide emergent zoonotic disease that significantly constrains the productivity of livestock. We conducted an experimental trial with four groups of five goats each, vaccinated with 1 × 10 phage particles of cathepsin L1 (CLI: DPWWLKQ), CL1 (SGTFLFS), and CL2 (PPIRNGK) mimotopes combined with Quil A adjuvant. Animals received a booster four weeks later. Read More

Anim Biotechnol 2021 Apr 10:1-10. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India.

Avian mycoplasmosis mainly caused by and is an economically important disease of poultry industry. It causes huge economic losses in terms of decrease in weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, egg production, hatchability; increase in embryo mortality, carcass condemnation, prophylaxis and treatment cost in broiler, layer and breeder flocks. The disease is caused by four major pathogenic mycoplasmas . Read More

Viruses 2021 Mar 29;13(4). Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen 73140, Thailand.

(1) Background: Thailand has made significant progress in reducing the number of human and animal rabies cases. However, control and elimination of the last remaining pockets of dog-mediated rabies have shown to be burdensome, predominantly as a result of the large numbers of free-roaming dogs without an owner that cannot be restrained without special efforts and therefore remain unvaccinated. To reach these dogs, the feasibility, and benefits of oral rabies vaccination (ORV) as a complementary tool has been examined under field conditions. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2021 Mar 29;12(4). Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes a highly contagious and devastating disease in poultry. ND causes heavy economic losses to the global poultry industry by decreasing the growth rate, decrease in egg production high morbidity and mortality. Although significant advances have been made in the vaccine development, outbreaks are reported in vaccinated birds. Read More

Viruses 2021 Mar 24;13(4). Epub 2021 Mar 24.

Health Research Innovation Center 2C53, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an infectious upper respiratory tract disease that impacts the poultry industry worldwide. ILT is caused by an alphaherpesvirus commonly referred to as infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV). Vaccination with live attenuated vaccines is practiced regularly for the control of ILT. Read More

Poult Sci 2021 Mar 2;100(5):101085. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China. Electronic address:

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) and duck plague virus (DPV) are typical DNA and RNA viruses of waterfowl, causing drastic economic losses to the duck farm industry in terms of high mortality and decreased egg production. These 2 viruses reappear from time to time because the available vaccines fail to provide complete immunity and no clinical antiviral drugs are available for them. In the present study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of SC75741 for DTMUV, DPV, and the model virus, vesicular stomatitis virus infection in duck cells. Read More

Vaccine 2021 Mar 26. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14884-900, Brazil. Electronic address:

Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) is a major cause of foodborne diseases in humans being frequently related to the consumption of poultry products. Therefore, guaranteeing early immunity to chicks is an important tool to prevent the colonization and infection by this pathogen. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a candidate recombinant vaccine against SE. Read More

J Med Econ 2021 Mar 24. Epub 2021 Mar 24.

IQVIA (Global HEOR), Zaventem, Belgium.

Standard influenza vaccines are produced using egg-based manufacturing methods. Through the process, the resulting egg-adapted viral strains may differ from the selected vaccine strain. Cell-derived influenza vaccine manufacturing prevents egg-adaptation of the antigen which can improve vaccine effectiveness. Read More

Vaccine 2021 Apr 16;39(15):2103-2109. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

The inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) offers limited protection when two influenza B lineages co-circulate or when there is a vaccine mismatch (i.e., discordance in the predominant circulating B strain and WHO-recommended B strain). Read More

Front Immunol 2021 25;12:599296. Epub 2021 Feb 25.

Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.

We have demonstrated that intranasal immunotherapy with allergens formulated in a nanoemulsion (NE) mucosal adjuvant suppresses Th2/IgE-mediated allergic responses and protects from allergen challenge in murine food allergy models. Protection conferred by this therapy is associated with strong suppression of allergen specific Th2 cellular immunity and increased Th1 cytokines. Here we extend these studies to examine the effect of NE-allergen immunization in mice sensitized to multiple foods. Read More

J Clin Invest 2021 Mar 9. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States of America.

A(H3N2) Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) were low during 2016-2019 seasons and varied by age. We analyzed neutralizing antibody responses to egg- and cell-propagated vaccine and circulating viruses following vaccination in 375 individuals (aged 7 months to 82 years) across all vaccine eligible age groups in 3 influenza seasons. Antibody responses to cell- compared to egg-propagated vaccine viruses were significantly reduced due to egg-adapted changes T160K, D225G, and L194P in the vaccine hemagglutinins. Read More

Allergy Asthma Proc 2021 03;42(2):124-130

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy is a potentially life-threatening condition and represents a heavy burden for patients and their families. Identification of the most suitable way for management of each patient has currently become the primary goal for physicians. This study reviewed the current literature related to IgE-mediated food allergy. Read More

Biomater Sci 2021 Mar 8. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 5998531, Japan.

For the establishment of advanced medicines such as cancer immunotherapy, high performance carriers that precisely deliver biologically active molecules must be developed to target organelles of the cells and to release their contents there. From the viewpoint of antigen delivery, endosomes are important target organelles because they contain immune-response-related receptors and proteins of various types. To obtain carriers for precision endosome delivery, a novel type of polyamidoamine dendron-based lipid having pH-sensitive terminal groups was synthesized for this study. Read More

J Exp Biol 2021 Mar 31;224(Pt 7). Epub 2021 Mar 31.

School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.

Social immunity is a suite of behavioral and physiological traits that allow colony members to protect one another from pathogens, and includes the oral transfer of immunological compounds between nestmates. In honey bees, royal jelly is a glandular secretion produced by a subset of workers that is fed to the queen and young larvae, and which contains many antimicrobial compounds. A related form of social immunity, transgenerational immune priming (TGIP), allows queens to transfer pathogen fragments into their developing eggs, where they are recognized by the embryo's immune system and induce higher pathogen resistance in the new offspring. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2021 Apr 15;292:109386. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.

Barbervax® protects sheep against H. contortus infection; however, the level of protection afforded by the vaccine at different levels of larval challenge under field conditions has not been reported. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the protective efficacy of Barbervax® at increasing doses of trickle infection with H. Read More

Vet World 2021 Jan 22;14(1):182-189. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

Laboratory of Research Health and Animal Production, High National Veterinary School, Algiers, Algeria.

Background And Aim: Since 2017, there have been epidemics with respiratory disorders in the laying hen farms in Algeria, as signs and lesions, respiratory difficulties, and hemorrhagic tracheitis, which closely like laryngotracheitis. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological, serological, and clinical indicators, as well as the risk factors, of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) in layer hen flocks in Algeria.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1728 layer hens were sampled randomly from 48 poultry houses. Read More

Front Immunol 2020 29;11:607333. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

It is evident that the emergence of infectious diseases, which have the potential for spillover from animal reservoirs, pose an ongoing threat to global health. Zoonotic transmission events have increased in frequency in recent decades due to changes in human behavior, including increased international travel, the wildlife trade, deforestation, and the intensification of farming practices to meet demand for meat consumption. Influenza A viruses (IAV) possess a number of features which make them a pandemic threat and a major concern for human health. Read More

IEEE Pulse 2021 Jan-Feb;12(1):7-11

With seasonal influenza, Ebola, shingles, pneumonia, human papillomavirus, and other pathogens-combined now with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-the world's demand for vaccines is on a steep incline. New vaccine development is progressing rapidly, as seen with recent announcements of coronavirus options [1], [2], but what about their manufacture? Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2021 Feb 19. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Seqirus Inc., Kirkland, Quebec, Canada.

Background: The effectiveness of standard, egg-derived quadrivalent influenza vaccines (IIV4) may be reduced in adults ≥65 years of age, largely due to immunosenescence. An MF59®-adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aIIV3) and a high-dose trivalent influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3) offer older adults enhanced protection versus standard vaccines. This study compared the relative effectiveness of aIIV3 to IIV4 and HD-IIV3 in preventing influenza-related medical encounters over two US influenza seasons. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Feb 18;11(1):4151. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.

Hemagglutinin (HA)-based current vaccines provide suboptimum cross protection. Influenza A virus contains an ion channel protein M2 conserved extracellular domain (M2e), a target for developing universal vaccines. Here we generated reassortant influenza virus rgH3N2 4xM2e virus (HA and NA from A/Switzerland/9715293/2013/(H3N2)) expressing chimeric 4xM2e-HA fusion proteins with 4xM2e epitopes inserted into the H3 HA N-terminus. Read More

Vet Res 2021 Feb 17;52(1):27. Epub 2021 Feb 17.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Gallibacterium anatis is a common cause of reproductive tract infection in chickens, which leads to reduced egg production and increased mortality. This study was undertaken to investigate prevalence of G. anatis in 12 poultry flocks originating from Iranian provinces with leading chicken production and to determine genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance, and the presence of major antigens of the isolates investigated. Read More

Animal 2021 Feb 23;15(2):100124. Epub 2020 Dec 23.

Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K99 is one of the major pathogens associated with calf diarrhea. The induction of passive immunity in animals by immunoglobulin Y and using probiotics are inexpensive alternatives to antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including diarrhea. Hence, the aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of dietary probiotics and ETEC K99-specific egg yolk antibody supplements, alone and in combination with each other, on health and growth parameters, diarrhea incidence and immune stimulation in newborn Holstein calves. Read More

Vaccines (Basel) 2021 Feb 3;9(2). Epub 2021 Feb 3.

Laboratory of Poultry Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.

The live attenuated vaccine strain, SG9R, has been used against fowl typhoid worldwide, but it can revert to the pathogenic smooth strain owing to single nucleotide changes such as nonsense mutations in the gene. As SG9R possesses an intact plasmid with virulence genes, it exhibits dormant pathogenicity and can cause fowl typhoid in young chicks and stressed or immunocompromised brown egg-laying hens. To tackle these issues, we knocked out the gene of SG9R (named Safe-9R) to eliminate the reversion risk and generated detoxified strains of Safe-9R by knocking out , , , and genes to attenuate the virulence. Read More

Front Immunol 2020 19;11:599637. Epub 2021 Jan 19.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.

Food allergy is a potentially fatal disease affecting 8% of children and has become increasingly common in the past two decades. Despite the prevalence and severe nature of the disease, the mechanisms underlying sensitization remain to be further elucidated. The Collaborative Cross is a genetically diverse panel of inbred mice that were specifically developed to study the influence of genetics on complex diseases. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2021 Feb 19;290:109360. Epub 2021 Jan 19.

Embrapa Southern Livestock, Rodovia BR-153, Km 632,9 Vila Industrial, Zona Rural, Caixa Postal 242, CEP: 96401-970, Bagé, RS, Brazil.

A vaccine containing doses ranging from 2 μg to 50 μg of integral membrane proteins from Haemonchus contortus intestinal cells (H11 and H-gal-GP complex) has been shown to be effective for lambs. A vaccine for H. contortus was tested in two-month old grazing Corriedale lambs during an eight-month trial on the outskirts of Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2021 Feb 1;17(2):e1009260. Epub 2021 Feb 1.

Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City Utah, United States of America.

Epidemiological studies have identified a correlation between maternal helminth infections and reduced immunity to some early childhood vaccinations, but the cellular basis for this is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of maternal Schistosoma mansoni infection on steady-state offspring immunity, as well as immunity induced by a commercial tetanus/diphtheria vaccine using a dual IL-4 reporter mouse model of maternal schistosomiasis. We demonstrate that offspring born to S. Read More

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021 Feb 30;105(4):1421-1434. Epub 2021 Jan 30.

State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.

Similar to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, influenza A virus poses a constant threat to the global community. For the treatment of flu disease, both antivirals and vaccines are available with vaccines the most effective and safest approach. In order to overcome limitations in egg-based vaccine manufacturing, cell culture-based processes have been established. Read More

Molecules 2021 Jan 27;26(3). Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.

Cervical cancer, as the most frequent cancer in women globally and accounts almost 14% in India. It can be prevented or treated with vaccines, radiation, chemotherapy, and brachytherapy. The chemotherapeutic agents cause adverse post effects by the destruction of the neighboring normal cells or altering the properties of the cells. Read More

Clin Exp Allergy 2021 Jan 29. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.

Background: Serum inhibition of allergen-specific IgE has been associated with competing IgG4 and non-specific polyclonal IgE. In allergen immunotherapy, beneficial responses have been associated with high IgG4/IgE ratios. Helminths potentiate antibody class switching to IgG4 and stimulate polyclonal IgE synthesis; therefore, we hypothesized a role for helminth-associated IgG4 and total IgE in protection against atopic sensitization and clinical allergy (asthma) in tropical low-income countries. Read More

Vet Res 2021 Jan 28;52(1):13. Epub 2021 Jan 28.

Animal Health Department (Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Sanidad Animal Building, Rabanales Campus, Córdoba, Spain.

In this work we report the protection found in a vaccination trial performed in sheep with two different vaccines composed each one by a cocktail of antigens (rCL1, rPrx, rHDM and rLAP) formulated in two different adjuvants (Montanide ISA 61 VG (G1) and Alhydrogel(G2)). The parameters of protection tested were fluke burden, faecal egg count and evaluation of hepatic lesions. In vaccinated group 1 we found a significant decrease in fluke burden in comparison to both unimmunised and infected control group (37. Read More