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Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019 01;18:1533033819878458

Department of Radiological, Oncology and Pathology Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy Radiology Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Purpose: A relevant challenge for the improvement of clear cell renal cell carcinoma management could derive from the identification of novel molecular biomarkers that could greatly improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment choice of these neoplasms. In this study, we investigate whether quantitative parameters obtained from computed tomography texture analysis may correlate with the expression of selected oncogenic microRNAs.

Methods: In a retrospective single-center study, multiphasic computed tomography examination (with arterial, portal, and urographic phases) was performed on 20 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma and computed tomography texture analysis parameters such as entropy, kurtosis, skewness, mean, and standard deviation of pixel distribution were measured using multiple filter settings. Read More

J Comput Assist Tomogr 2019 May/Jun;43(3):513-518

From the Departments of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a specific protocol of computed tomography-colonography with intravenous contrast medium and urographic phase, which combined simultaneously the study of the intestinal and urinary tract, in the preoperative evaluation of women with deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) of anterior and posterior pelvic compartments.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 73 women who underwent 74 computed tomography-colonography with intravenous contrast medium and urographic phase examinations for strong clinical suspicion of DIE. All the women had surgical confirmation. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Jan;44(1):66-67

Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

A 65-year-old man with a history of hypertension and nephrolithiasis presented with flank pain. Urographic CT demonstrated a 1.7-cm nodule arising from the bladder wall. Read More

Indian J Urol 2018 Jul-Sep;34(3):231-232

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Brunn's cyst in the region of the bladder neck is a rare cause of lower urinary tract obstruction. This case describes the ultrasonographic and intra-venous urographic findings of Brunn's cyst in a 53-year-old male presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018 11;43(11):3082-3100

Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

This article presents methods to improve MR imaging approach of disorders of the renal sinus which are relatively uncommon and can be technically challenging. Multi-planar Single-shot T2-weighted (T2W) Fast Spin-Echo sequences are recommended to optimally assess anatomic relations of disease. Multi-planar 3D-T1W Gradient Recalled Echo imaging before and after Gadolinium administration depicts the presence and type of enhancement and relation to arterial, venous, and collecting system structures. Read More

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2018 Mar 19;41(3):466-476. Epub 2017 Sep 19.

Department of Urology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.

Purpose: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new potential ablation modality for small renal masses. Animal experiments have shown preservation of the urine-collecting system (UCS). The purpose of this clinical study was to perform the first evaluation and comparison of IRE's effects on the renal UCS by using urinary cytology, magnetic-resonance imaging, and resection histology in men after IRE of pT1a renal-cell carcinoma (RCC). Read More

Jpn J Radiol 2017 Sep 12;35(9):546-554. Epub 2017 Jul 12.

Gynecology and Human Reproduction Physiopathology, DIMEC, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Massarenti, 13, 40138, Bologna, Italy.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal sonography (TVS) and computed tomography-colonography with contrast media and urographic phase (CTCU) in the preoperative detection of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven patients with clinical suspicion of DIE underwent preoperative TVS and CTCU. Imaging data were compared with histopathologic analysis. Read More

Emerg Radiol 2017 Aug 27;24(4):417-422. Epub 2017 Apr 27.

Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA.

Ureteral injuries are uncommon in trauma patients, accounting for fewer than 1% of all injuries to the urinary tract. These uncommon, yet problematic, injuries can often be overlooked in the standard search pattern on abdominal and pelvic multi-detector CT (MDCT) images, as radiologists focus on more immediate life-threatening injuries. However, early diagnosis and management are vital to reduce potential morbidity. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2017 03;42(3):702-709

UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-9178, USA.

Purpose: To assess virtual non-contrast (VNC) images obtained on a detection-based spectral detector CT scanner and determine how attenuation on VNC images derived from various phases of enhanced CT compare to those obtained from true unenhanced images.

Methods: In this HIPAA compliant, IRB approved prospective multi-institutional study, 46 patients underwent pre- and post-contrast imaging on a prototype dual-layer spectral detector CT between October 2013 and November 2015, yielding 84 unenhanced and VNC pairs (25 arterial, 39 portal venous/nephrographic, 20 urographic). Mean attenuation was measured by one of three readers in the liver, spleen, kidneys, psoas muscle, abdominal aorta, and subcutaneous fat. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2016 08;41(8):1580-8

Department of Emergency Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Seoul, Nowon-gu, 139-707, Korea.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the ability of computed tomographic (CT) findings to discriminate nutcracker syndrome (NCS) from asymptomatic nutcracker phenomenon (NCP) and to investigate the diagnostic value of CT findings in diagnosis of NCS.

Methods: From January 2014 to April 2015, 216 patients who underwent initial urographic CT were included. Initially, 216 patients were categorized as "nutcracker" or "normal," based on the following CT criteria: (1) the presence of beak sign and (2) hilar-aortomesenteric left renal vein diameter ratio >4. Read More

Radiographics 2015 Nov-Dec;35(7):1922-39. Epub 2015 Oct 16.

From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611.

Recent innovations in computed tomographic (CT) hardware and software have allowed implementation of low tube voltage imaging into everyday CT scanning protocols in adults. CT at a low tube voltage setting has many benefits, including (a) radiation dose reduction, which is crucial in young patients and those with chronic medical conditions undergoing serial CT examinations for disease management; and (b) higher contrast enhancement. For the latter, increased attenuation of iodinated contrast material improves the evaluation of hypervascular lesions, vascular structures, intestinal mucosa in patients with bowel disease, and CT urographic images. Read More

Vestn Otorinolaringol 2014 (5):66-8

FGBU NKTs otorinolaringologii FMBA Rossii, Moskva, Rossiia, 123182.

The objective of the present study was to estimate the influence of tanakan on the duration of the period needed to achieve vestibular compensation in the patients presenting with peripheral vestibular dizziness in the course of vestibular rehabilitation with the use of the post-urographic system. 72 patients at the age varying from 18 to 42 years (46 women and 26 men) suffering from peripheral vestibular dizziness were treated on an individual basis for the purpose of vestibular rehabilitation 3-5 times per week for a total period of 3-6 weeks. 42 of the 72 patients comprising group 1 were given Tanakan for 3 months at a dose of 40 mg thrice daily, the remaining 30 patients (group 2) continued to receive the vasoactive treatment as prescribed by attending physicians of other medical and diagnostic centres (protocols of their treatment recommended at local medical facilities did not include tanakan therapy). Read More

Radiologe 2014 Nov;54(11):1111-22; quiz 1123-4

Institut für Klinische Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland,

Urinary tract infections are the most common infectious diseases in Germany. In most cases clarification does not rely on imaging techniques other than sonography and is made mostly based on clinical symptoms. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used in selected cases to find the cause and detection or exclusion of complications, e. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014 Nov;203(5):1021-7

1 Department of Radiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, 216 Dalsungro, Jung-gu, Daegu 700-712, Korea.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to prospectively compare nephrographic phase MDCT urography performed with oral hydration and a diuretic with standard pyelographic phase MDCT in the detection of recurrence after transurethral resection.

Subjects And Methods: The study included 140 MDCT urographic examinations of 121 patients (87 men, 34 women; age range, 46-88 years) at risk of urinary tract cancer recurrence. Acquisition was performed 60 seconds (nephrographic phase) and 420 seconds (pyelographic phase) after contrast injection. Read More

Urologia 2014 Oct-Dec;81(4):196-9. Epub 2014 Oct 6.

Dipartimento di Scienze cliniche applicate e biotecnologie, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, L'Aquila - Italy.

The medullary sponge kidney is a malformation characterized by Bellini ducts' ectasias and often by nephrocalcinosis. Scientific literature demonstrates and emphasizes how the Rx-urography plays a primary role to achieve diagnostic certainty in cases of suspected MSK. Pathognomonic urographic aspects in cases of medullary sponge kidney are defined as "bouquet of flowers", "bunch of grapes" or "brush". Read More

J Urol 2014 Mar 17;191(3):792-7. Epub 2013 Oct 17.

Department of Radiology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.

Purpose: We evaluated a dual energy, split bolus computerized tomography protocol that provides virtual noncontrast, parenchymal and urographic phases in a single scan. We assessed the sensitivity of the virtual noncontrast phase using this protocol to detect urinary stones compared to the gold standard of the true noncontrast phase.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively enrolled in the study 81 patients who underwent unenhanced single energy computerized tomography at 120 kV/200 mA as well as contrast enhanced dual energy computerized tomography on a Somatom® Definition Flash-CT (tube A 80 kV/233 mA and tube B SN 140 kV/180 mA with 1/0. Read More

Recenti Prog Med 2013 Jul-Aug;104(7-8):409-11

In the study of inflammatory kidney diseases, the use of integrated imaging is considered the best diagnostic approach. However, given the high cost of radiological examinations, the radiologist is responsible for the choice of the best method to solve the question asked by the clinician. In this paper are presented the main imaging methods for the study of pyelonephritis and, based on our experience, it is emphasized the role of multidetector Computed Tomography urographic technique in the identification, characterization and subsequent follow-up of inflammatory kidney diseases. Read More

Abdom Imaging 2013 Oct;38(5):1136-43

Department of Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland,

Purpose: Prospective protocol optimization, determination of image quality and diagnostic performance of virtual non-enhanced images (VNEI) derived from split-bolus dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) urography in patients with urinary stones.

Methods: IRB-approved, prospective study of 100 patients who, after written informed consent, underwent single-energy, non-enhanced CT and split-bolus, contrast-enhanced DECT (30 + 50 mL of contrast media; combined nephro-urographic acquisition). DECT was performed using setting A (80/140 kVp) in the first 20, and setting B (100/140 kVp) in the second 20 patients. Read More

J Radiol Case Rep 2013 Jan 1;7(1):33-40. Epub 2013 Jan 1.

Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.

We present the case of a 59 year old female with history of severe neurologic dysfunction from advanced multiple sclerosis who presented with lethargy and oliguria several hours after urethral Foley catheterization. A contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis showed an aberrantly placed Foley catheter with its balloon inflated in the proximal left ureter, a rare complication of Foley catheterization with only 5 other cases reported. Incomplete ureteral rupture was demonstrated and confirmed by a followup CT scan in the urographic phase. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012 Oct;199(4):852-60

Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree to which the total radiation dose for CT urography can be lowered by selective reduction of the dose in the unenhanced and excretory phases when images in these phases are systematically evaluated alongside normal-dose corticomedullary phase images.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty-seven patients (mean age, 74±9 years) underwent single-bolus CT urography with acquisition in the unenhanced, corticomedullary, and 5-minute excretory phases. The scanning parameters for normal-dose CT urography were as follows: 16×0. Read More

Radiology 2012 Jul 10;264(1):110-8. Epub 2012 Apr 10.

Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Ave, Suite 3-960, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2M9.

Purpose: To compare contrast material-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) urography 60 seconds after injection of contrast material (urothelial phase [UP]) after intravenous administration of a diuretic with the standard 5-minute delayed excretory phase (EP) in a high-risk population for upper tract tumors.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. Eighty CT urographic examinations in 77 patients known to have or at high risk for urothelial malignancy were included. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012 Mar;198(3):609-15

Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Objective: CT urography is increasingly used as the initial imaging test in patients with hematuria. The aim of our study was to determine the yield of CT urography in young adults with hematuria to see whether single phase unenhanced CT would have been sufficient.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed medical records of consecutive patients undergoing CT urography between March 2000 and July 2009 at our tertiary medical center. Read More

Bull Cancer 2012 Mar;99(3):251-62

CHU de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, service de radiologie, Paris, France.

Imaging of the kidney relies on three main imaging modalities: ultrasound, CT scan and MRI, on one hand, and scintigraphy, on the other hand. First intent ultrasound provides anatomic/vascular and functional information. Tissue perfusion assessment using ultrasound can be improved using contrast agents. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011 Nov;197(5):W882-6

Diagnostic Imaging Department, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare opacification of the urinary collecting system and radiation dose associated with three-phase 64-MDCT urographic protocols and those associated with a split-bolus dual-phase protocol including furosemide.

Materials And Methods: Images from 150 CT urographic examinations performed with three scanning protocols were retrospectively evaluated. Group A consisted of 50 sequentially registered patients who underwent a three-phase protocol with saline infusion. Read More

Radiologe 2011 Sep;51(9):797-800

Institut für Diagnostische, Interventionelle und Pädiatrische Radiologie, Inselspital, Universitätsspital Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Schweiz.

A 68-year-old male patient presented with mild tenderness in the suprasymphyseal region, hematuria and dysuria. In this case typical symptoms of a sigmoid-vesical fistula were initially absent. Because of hematuria and the findings provided by urethrocystoscopy, the radiological diagnosis was a bladder tumor. Read More

Int J Urol 2011 Feb 29;18(2):102-12. Epub 2010 Nov 29.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

The evolution of urological imaging has had a major impact on the diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases since the discovery of the X-ray by Roentgen in 1895. Early developments included plain films of the abdomen, retrograde urographic techniques, development of contrast media, excretory urography, renal mass puncture, renal angiography, cystography and nuclear medicine procedures. These procedures led to the maturation of the specialties of diagnostic radiology and urology, and the development of the subspecialties of pediatric urology and urological radiology during the first seven decades of the 20th century. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2010 Nov;195(5):W337-43

Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the positive predictive value of CT urography in the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial malignancies.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of the records of patients who underwent 2,602 CT urographic examinations revealed that 81 (3%) examinations of 77 patients had findings suggesting upper tract urothelial cancer. Two radiologists in consensus categorized the findings as large masses (> 5 mm), small masses (≤ 5 mm), or urothelial thickening. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2010 Sep 20;5:707-13. Epub 2010 Sep 20.

Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging has been recently shown to be effective for diagnostic urography. High-resolution urographic images can be acquired with T1 contrast agents for the kidney and urinary tract with minimal noise in the abdomen. Currently, clinical contrast agents are low molecular weight agents and can rapidly extravasate from blood circulation, leading to slow contrast agent elimination through kidney and consequently providing limited contrast enhancement in urinary tract. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2010 Dec 7;77(12):1405-8. Epub 2010 Sep 7.

Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.

Objective: To detail the utility of CT scan in detection of urinary stones induced by melamine tainted formula.

Material And Methods: A total of 1062 children fed with melamine-contaminated infant formula were screened for urinary stones in our institute from September through December 2008. Ultrasonography of the urinary tract system was performed in all these children. Read More

Radiology 2010 May 16;255(2):508-16. Epub 2010 Feb 16.

Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate renal, vascular, and urinary tract visualization following a single postcontrast multidetector computed tomographic (CT) urographic sequence performed with three limited-volume bolus injections.

Materials And Methods: The institutional review board approved this retrospective study. Patient informed consent was waived. Read More