Pain 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (Formally) U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA WCG Analgesic Solutions, Wayland, MA, USA John's Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA Brigham and Women's Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Carolinas Pain Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA Innocoll, Athlone, Ireland American Chronic Pain Association, Rocklin, CA, USA Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, USA GW Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, USA Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA McGill University, Montreal, Canada MCPHS University, Boston, MA National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs / George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA (Formally) Pacira , Parsippany, NY, USA SDG LLC, Cambridge, MA, USA Sarepta, Cambridge, MA, USA Pfizer, NYC, NY, USA University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Flexion Therapeutics, Burlington, MA, USA.
Abstract: Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of opioid analgesics for the treatment of acute and chronic pain conditions, and for some patients, these medications may be the only effective treatment available. Unfortunately, opioid analgesics are also associated with major risks (e.g. Read More