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Int J Infect Dis 2021 Feb 24;103:464-468. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

Division of Pharmacodynamics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan. Electronic address:

Objectives: The long-term stability of antimicrobials dissolved in infusion solution is necessary to establish and spread the outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT). In this study, we evaluated the stability of antimicrobial agents dissolved in infusion solutions.

Methods: The antimicrobial agents were dissolved in infusion solutions and kept at 25 °C and 31. Read More

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019 May 28;214:21-31. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; October 6 University, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 City, Giza, Egypt.

A stressed study on the stability and degradation behavior under ICH forced degradation conditions of most widely used antiepileptic drug; carbamazepine (CMZ) is presented in this work. The research also includes studying spectrophotometric nature of CMZ and assaying it with mostly used spectrophotometric techniques. Six simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are introduced as stability indicating methods for quantitative determination of CMZ and its degradation product, one of its reported potential impurities; iminostilbene (IMS). Read More

AAPS PharmSciTech 2009 21;10(2):476-81. Epub 2009 Apr 21.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India.

The objective of the present investigation was to develop and evaluate microemulsion-based gel for the vaginal delivery of clotrimazole (CMZ). The solubility of CMZ in oils and surfactants was evaluated to identify components of the microemulsion. The ternary diagram was plotted to identify the area of microemulsion existence. Read More

J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999 May;289(2):847-52

Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Chlomethiazole (CMZ) is a sedative and anticonvulsant drug that has been shown to be an efficient transcriptional inhibitor of expression of rat hepatic ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Recent results have shown that human CYP2E1 expression in vivo is almost completely inhibited in control subjects and in alcoholic patients treated with CMZ. In the present investigation, we evaluated the mode of action of CMZ on CYP2E1 expression in Fao rat hepatoma cells. Read More

Jpn J Antibiot 1987 Nov;40(11):1923-36

Surgical Center, Hokkaido University Hospital.

Cefmetazole (CMZ), with its relatively broad antibacterial spectrum, good stability to beta-lactamases and a high degree of safety, has established a place in the antibacterial therapy. In this study the pharmacokinetics of CMZ during and after surgical operations were investigated. CMZ in a dose of 2 g was administered intravenously to 15 cases operated upon for ailments of abdominal organs (10 cases of cholecystolithiasis and 5 cases of early or resectable gastric cancer). Read More

Drugs Exp Clin Res 1985 ;11(3):181-94

During the period February 1980-March 1982, clinical evaluation was carried out on 23,855 cases given cefmetazole (CMZ) in 3,916 medical treatment centres in Japan. The drug was found to have superior efficacy and to be of value for all age groups, ranging from infants and small children to the elderly, in infections due to Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli and anaerobic bacteria sensitive to this drug. Experiments were also conducted to elucidate the mechanism of development of the disulfiram-like reaction found in cephems with a methyltetrazolylthiomethyl group at the 3 position, i. Read More

Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1984 Feb;83(2):183-91

Disulfiram-like reactions have been reported in patients receiving cephem antibiotics which possess a mercaptomethyltetrazole (Me-TZ) side chain in their molecular structure. The present study focused on the elucidation of the relationship between the formation of Me-TZ and its inhibitory action on alcohol metabolism after treatment with the cephem antibiotics. The cumulative urinary excretion of Me-TZ was determined in healthy volunteers and laboratory animals after i. Read More