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J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021 Apr 21;31(5). Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.

A pilot-scale biocover was constructed at a sanitary landfill and the mitigation of methane and odor compounds was compared between the summer and non-summer seasons. The average inlet methane concentrations were 22.0%, 16. Read More

New Phytol 1993 Aug;124(4):637-646

Department of Forestry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Diagnostic gas exchange measurements and foliar chemical assays were conducted on hybrid poplar (Populus tristis Fisch. ×P. balsamifera L. Read More

New Phytol 1994 Oct;128(2):347-362

Department of Biology and Nature Conservation, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O. Box 5014, N-1432 ÅRs, Norway.

Temperate grasses of the subfamily Festucioideae can be grouped into two main categories according to their environmental control of flowering, species with regular long day (LD) induction, and those with dual induction requirements. The former group includes the temperate annual crosses and a few perennial species such as Phleum pratense and Poa nemoralis. These species base no winter requirement and require only LD to flower. Read More

New Phytol 2003 Mar;157(3):617-631

Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul MN 55108, USA.

•   We tested the hypothesis that biological trait-based plant functional groups provide sufficient differentiation of species to enable generalization about a variety of plant ecophysiological traits or responses to nitrogen (N). •   Seedlings of 34 North American grassland and savanna species, representing 5 functional groups, were grown in a glasshouse in an infertile soil with or without N fertilization. •   Forbs, C and C grasses, on average, had similar relative growth rates (RGR), followed in declining order by legumes and oaks, but RGR varied greatly among species within functional groups. Read More

J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021 Apr 19;19(1):58. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Koder Kamez, 1029, Tirana, Albania.

Background: Cellulose is the primary component of the plant cell wall and an important source of energy for the ruminant and microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. Cell wall content is digested by anaerobic fermentation activity mainly of bacteria belonging to species Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminicoccus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. Bacteria belonging to the species Ruminococcus albus contain cellulosomes that enable it to adhere to and digest cellulose, and its genome encodes cellulases and hemicellulases. Read More

Heliyon 2021 Mar 30;7(3):e06531. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Considerably large quotas of insect species worldwide are prospective sources of food with high nutrient value, which suggests their importance in human diets. This study investigates and compares the nutrient and anti-nutrient contents of larva and . The nutrient and anti-nutrient compositions of both larva (palm beetles) and (grasshopper) were determined following standard procedures. Read More

Peptides 2021 Apr 15:170549. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 510-3, Cuernavaca, Mor., 62250, Mexico. Electronic address:

β-defensin host defense peptides are important components of the innate immune system of vertebrates. Although evidence of their broad antimicrobial, antibiofilm and immunomodulatory activities in mammals have been presented, β-defensins from other vertebrate species, like crocodylians, remain largely unexplored. In this study, five new crocodylian β-defensin variants from Alligator mississippiensis and Crocodylus porosus were selected for synthesis and characterization based on their charge and hydrophobicity values. Read More

Arch Microbiol 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China.

A halophilic, Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, flagellated and motile bacterium, strain QX-1, was isolated from deep-sea sediment at a depth of 3332 m in the southwestern Indian Ocean. Strain QX-1 growth was observed at 4-50 °C (optimum 37 °C), pH 5.0-11. Read More

BMC Genomics 2021 Apr 15;22(1):271. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

China National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, School of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.

Background: Infestation by tea green leafhoppers (Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii) can cause a series of biochemical changes in tea leaves. As a typical cell-rupture feeder, E. onukii secretes proteases while using its stylet to probe the tender shoots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis). Read More

Mar Pollut Bull 2021 Apr 11;167:112328. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China.

Benthic foraminifera, heavy metals, and sediment grain sizes were studied in three bays of Hainan Island, and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and nonparametric regression were used to reveal the relationship between foraminifera and their environment. According to our survey, the three bays were moderately contaminated by Mo and As and uncontaminated to moderately contaminated by Pb, Zn, Cr, Sb, and Hg. The spatial pattern of heavy metals was comparable to sediment transport trends, indicating that their distribution was determined by sediment transport. Read More

Org Lett 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Peptide Chemistry Research Institute, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, 19697-64499 Tehran, Iran.

In this project, a moderately efficient approach to multisubstituted -(isoquinolin-1-yl)sulfonamide derivatives was illustrated, utilizing -alkynylbenzaldoximes and zwitterionic ketenimine salts in a tandem reaction catalyzed by silver oxide. The oxophilicity of AgO, along with its nature as Lewis acid, pave the way for a smooth [3 + 2] cycloaddition between isoquinoline -oxides and ketenimine species, which is a key step in this reaction. DFT calculation suggests that 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrone and ketenimine proceeds through a selective stepwise mechanism. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2021 Apr 12;7(1):30. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of visual impairment in people aged 20-65 years and can go undetected until vision is irreversibly lost. There is a need for treatments for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) which, in comparison with current intravitreal (IVT) injections, offer an improved risk-benefit ratio and are suitable for the treatment of early stages of disease, during which there is no major visual impairment. Efficacious systemic therapy for NPDR, including oral treatment, would be an important and convenient therapeutic approach for patients and physicians and would reduce treatment burden. Read More

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China.

A new bacterium was successfully isolated from a mangrove sediment sample in Haikou City, Hainan Province, China. The organism is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile and strictly aerobic bacterium, named NBU-8HK146. Strain NBU-8HK146 was able to grow at temperatures of 10-40 °C, at salinities of 0-11% (w/v) and at pH 5. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.

Remediation of toxic chlorinated ethenes via microbial reductive dechlorination can lead to ethene formation; however, the process stalls in acidic groundwater, leading to the accumulation of carcinogenic vinyl chloride (VC). This study explored the feasibility of cometabolic VC degradation by moderately acidophilic methanotrophs. Two novel isolates, strain JS1 and strain MJC1, were obtained from distinct alpine peat bogs located in South Korea. Read More

Ecol Evol 2021 Apr 5;11(7):3366-3379. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Biological Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA.

In mosaic marine habitats, such as intertidal zones, ocean acidification (OA) is exacerbated by high variability of pH, temperature, and biological CO production. The nonlinear interactions among these drivers can be context-specific and their effect on organisms in these habitats remains largely unknown, warranting further investigation.We were particularly interested in (the blue mussel) from intertidal zones of the Gulf of Maine (GOM), USA, for this study. Read More

Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021 Apr 5:107162. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico.

Species trees that can generate a nonmatching gene tree topology that is more probable than the topology matching the species tree are said to be in an anomaly zone. We introduce some heuristic approaches to infer whether species trees are in anomaly zones when it is difficult or impossible to compute the entire distribution of gene tree topologies. Here, probabilities of unrooted, unranked, and ranked gene tree topologies under the multispecies coalescent are used. Read More

Curr Microbiol 2021 Apr 7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, 06110, Ankara, Turkey.

During 2015-2017 growing seasons, seventy-one isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. were obtained from the samples collected from the sugar beet fields of Konya province, which is one of the most important sugar beet growing areas of Turkey. Anastomosis groups (AGs) of Rhizoctonia spp. Read More

An Acad Bras Cienc 2021 31;93(1):e20190425. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Bayer Brasil, Rua Domingo Jorge, 1100, 04719-002 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Conyza species are important weeds in global agriculture, especially due to their capacity to evolve resistance to multiple herbicide mechanisms of action. We aimed to evaluate the frequency and distribution of resistance to glyphosate and chlorimuron-ethyl in Conyza spp. populations from Brazil. Read More

Int J Med Mushrooms 2021 ;23(4):39-45

Masuku University of Science and Technology, BP 942 Franceville, Gabon.

Lentinus squarrosulus is a mushroom widely used in Gabon for its culinary and medicinal properties. The bioactive potential of mushrooms might be attributable to the presence of several pharmaceutically important mycocompounds that need to be ascertained scientifically. A study of the therapeutic potential of L. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2021 Mar 5;13(5). Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari, 45121 Ferrara, Italy.

Microplastics (MPs) quantification in benthic marine sediments is typically performed by time-consuming and moderately accurate mechanical separation and microscopy detection. In this paper, we describe the results of our innovative Polymer Identification and Specific Analysis (PISA) of microplastic total mass, previously tested on either less complex sandy beach sediment or less demanding (because of the high MPs content) wastewater treatment plant sludges, applied to the analysis of benthic sediments from a sublittoral area north-west of Leghorn (Tuscany, Italy). Samples were collected from two shallow sites characterized by coarse debris in a mixed seabed of , and by a very fine silty-organogenic sediment, respectively. Read More

Insects 2021 Mar 5;12(3). Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Sino-France Joint Laboratory for Invasive Forest Pests in Eurasia, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.

Wood wasp species in the genus are known pests of forestry. They cause significant economic losses due to their impacts on plant health and wood quality. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), widely distributed in Asia, Europe, and North America, is known to negatively impact forestry, infesting , , , , , and species. Read More

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Life Sciences Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, People's Republic of China.

A novel, aerobic, moderately halophilic Gram-positive actinomycete, strain MASK1Z-5 was isolated from a surface-sterilized branch of Bruguiera gymnoirhiza in Shankou Mangrove Nature Reserve, Guangxi, China. The taxonomic position of the strain was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain MASK1Z-5 tolerated up to 20% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0-7%), and grew at pH 5. Read More

Genome Biol Evol 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Heliconius butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) are a group of 48 neotropical species widely studied in evolutionary research. Despite the wealth of genomic data generated in past years, chromosomal level genome assemblies currently exist for only two species, Heliconius melpomene and H. erato, each a representative of one of the two major clades of the genus. Read More

Braz J Biol 2021 26;82:e239219. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Salmo trutta fario is the most important fish species of family Salmonidae inhibited in cool waters all over the world including the nortern parts of Pakistan. This study was aimed to find out the prey selection and feeding habits of the species. One hundred and eighty five Salmo trutta fario were captured from March 2016 to April 2017. Read More

Microb Pathog 2021 Mar 26:104849. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Gastroenterology, National Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, International Clinical Epidemiology Network, Beijing, 100730, China. Electronic address:

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) has a broad spectrum of severity and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may be associated with AP severity.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the composition and functional effects of gut microbiota in different grades of AP severity. Read More

Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021 Mar 29:1-16. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Brussels, Belgium.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their corresponding N-oxides (PANOs) are natural protoxins biosynthesised by many plant species and are responsible for occasional fatal intoxication outbreaks due to the consumption of contaminated food. However, only in rare cases has the origin of the contamination been determined. Although their presence has been studied in many matrices, occurrence data on popular widely used cooking herbs, seeds, spices and leafy vegetables is very scarce. Read More

Infancy 2021 May 29;26(3):494-514. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.

Naturally occurring high levels of caregiver touch promote offspring development in many animal species. Yet, caregiver touch remains a relatively understudied topic in human development, possibly due to challenges of measuring this means of interaction. While parental reports (e. Read More

Plant Divers 2021 Feb 15;43(1):27-34. Epub 2020 Jul 15.

Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China.

The subfamily Dialioideae (Leguminosae) consists of 17 genera and about 85 species. Previous studies have detected significant plastid genome (plastome) structure variations in legumes, particularly in subfamilies Papilionoideae and Caesalpinioideae. Hence it is important to investigate plastomes from the newly recognized Dialioideae to better understand the plastome variation across the whole family. Read More

Plant Cell Environ 2021 Mar 23. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Ancón, Republic of Panama.

Atmospheric and climate change will expose tropical forests to conditions they have not experienced in millions of years. To better understand the consequences of this change, we studied photosynthetic acclimation of the neotropical tree species Tabebuia rosea to combined 4°C warming and twice-ambient (800 ppm) CO . We measured temperature responses of the maximum rates of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylation (V ), photosynthetic electron transport (J ), net photosynthesis (P ), and stomatal conductance (g ), and fitted the data using a probabilistic Bayesian approach. Read More

Zootaxa 2021 Jan 6;4903(1):zootaxa.4903.1.3. Epub 2021 Jan 6.

Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB-5. Av. Esperança, s/n., 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil..

A new palaemonid shrimp genus, Opaepupu gen. nov., is established to accommodate a new species of bivalve-associated shrimp, Opaepupu huna sp. Read More