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ACS Sens 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China.

Globally, bladder cancer (BLC) is one of the most common cancers and has a high recurrence and mortality rate. Current clinical diagnostic approaches are either invasive or inaccurate. Here, we report on a cost-efficient, artificially intelligent chemiresistive sensor array made of polyaniline (PANI) derivatives that can noninvasively diagnose BLC at an early stage and maintain postoperative surveillance through ″smelling″ clinical urine samples at room temperature. Read More

Langmuir 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China.

Hydrogel-based sensors serve as an ideal platform for developing personalized wearable electronics due to their high flexibility and conformability. However, the weak stretchability and inferior conductivity of hydrogels have severely restricted their large-scale application. Herein, a natural polymer-based conductive hydrogel integrated with favorable mechanical properties, good adhesive performance, and excellent fatigue resistance was fabricated via interpenetrating tannic acid (TA) into a chitosan (CS) cross-linked network in an acidic aqueous solution. Read More

Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2022 May 25:1-22. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Design, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.

Purpose: Wheelchair (WC) design elements are subjected to the accessibility and assistive needs of a person with locomotor disability. In order to pursue a holistic design for a stairclimbing WC, there is a need for literature review on WC functions reported for both stair climbing and plane surface movement.

Methods: A total of 112 Research articles are reviewed for the purpose of extracting the relationship between WC design elements and the functions associated with them. Read More

Sci Adv 2022 May 25;8(21):eabn3783. Epub 2022 May 25.

ISAE-SUPAERO, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.

Despite the importance of sand and dust to Mars geomorphology, weather, and exploration, the processes that move sand and that raise dust to maintain Mars' ubiquitous dust haze and to produce dust storms have not been well quantified in situ, with missions lacking either the necessary sensors or a sufficiently active aeolian environment. Perseverance rover's novel environmental sensors and Jezero crater's dusty environment remedy this. In Perseverance's first 216 sols, four convective vortices raised dust locally, while, on average, four passed the rover daily, over 25% of which were significantly dusty ("dust devils"). Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 May 25;119(22):e2202842119. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.

SignificanceThe neurotransmitter dopamine controls normal behavior and dopaminergic dysfunction is prevalent in multiple brain diseases. To reach a detailed understanding of how dopamine release and signaling are regulated at the subcellular level, we developed a near infrared fluorescent dopamine nanosensor 'paint' (AndromeDA) to directly image dopamine release and its spatiotemporal characteristics. With AndromeDA, we can ascribe discrete DA release events to defined axonal varicosities, directly assess the heterogeneity of DA release events across such release sites, and determine the molecular components of the DA release machinery. Read More

Acc Chem Res 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

ConspectusMetal-free purely organic phosphors (POPs) are promising materials for display technologies, solid-state lighting, and sensors platforms because of their advantageous properties such as large design windows, easy processability, and economic material cost. Unlike inorganic semiconductors, creating the conditions for triplet excitons to produce light in organic materials is a demanding task because of the presence of electron spin configurations that undergo spin-forbidden transitions, which is usually facilitated by spin-orbit coupling (SOC). In the absence of heavy metals, however, the SOC efficiency in POPs remains low, and consequently, external nonradiative photophysical processes will also severely affect triplet excitons. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2022 May 25;24(5):e34451. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Background: Video and other technologies are reshaping the delivery of health care, yet barriers related to workflow and possible provider fatigue suggest that a thorough evaluation is needed for quality and process improvement.

Objective: This scoping review explored the relationship among technology, fatigue, and health care to improve the conditions for providers.

Methods: A 6-stage scoping review of literature (from 10 databases) published from 2000 to 2020 that focused on technology, health care, and fatigue was conducted. Read More

J Phys Chem Lett 2022 May 25:4754-4761. Epub 2022 May 25.

State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Gas Sensors of Jilin Province, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.

A series of molecules - containing the same fluorophore and different alkyl chains are synthesized to reveal the significant effect of molecular conformations on the emission properties. In crystalline state, molecules - exhibit strong orange emissions with maxima (λ) of about 600 nm and quantum yields (Φ) of around 60%, while molecules and display much longer emissions to the deep red/near-infrared (NIR) region as well as even higher efficiencies (λ = 693 nm, Φ = 73% for ; λ = 654 nm, Φ = 93% for ). The largely red-shifted emissions of and as well as the significantly improved Φ are very unusual. Read More

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

The State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Remote Measurement and Control, School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China.

Purpose: In robot-assisted transoral surgery, frequent retraction operations are essential to leave space for the surgical procedure. Commercial clinical retractors are simply composed of mechanical parts and cannot sense the touching force.

Methods: We propose a new retractor for robot-assisted transoral surgery. Read More

J Neurol 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland.

Measurement of upper limb function is critical for tracking clinical severity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Rating Scale-revised (ALSFRS-r) is the primary outcome measure utilised in clinical trials and research in ALS. This scale is limited by floor and ceiling effects within subscales, such that clinically meaningful changes for subjects are often missed, impacting upon the evaluation of new drugs and treatments. Read More

Chem Asian J 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

The University of Tokyo, Institute of Industrial Science, 4-6-1 Komaba, 153-8505, Meguro-ku, JAPAN.

We propose a printed 384-well microtiter paper-based fluorescent chemosensor array device (384-well microtiter PCAD) to simultaneously categorize and discriminate saccharides and sulfur-containing amino acids for food analysis. The 384-well microtiter PCAD required 1 μL/4 mm 2 of each well can allow high-throughput sensing. The device embedded with self-assembled fluorescence chemosensors displayed a fingerprint-like response pattern for targets, the image of which was rapidly captured by a portable digital camera. Read More

Dalton Trans 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, P. R. China.

In this paper, Er/Yb co-doped CdMoO phosphors were prepared by a traditional high temperature solid state reaction method. Based on the 3D network structure of the CdMoO host and the efficient Er/Yb upconversion luminescence combinations, excellent green emission properties were observed when the prepared sample is irradiated with a laser at about 980 nm. For optical temperature sensors based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR), the prepared phosphors have excellent sensitivity to temperature in the range of 293 to 473 K. Read More

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2022 May;38(5):1903-1914

Qinhuangdao Tianda Environmental Protection Research Institute Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of River Water Purification and Ecological Restoration in Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei, China.

A microbial fuel cell (MFC)-based microbial electrochemical sensor was developed for real-time on-line monitoring of heavy metals in water environment. The microbial electrochemical sensor was constructed with staggered flow distribution method to optimize the parameters such as external resistance value and external circulation rate. The inhibition of concentration of simulated heavy metal wastewater on voltage under optimal parameters was analyzed. Read More

ACS Chem Biol 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

Fluorescent Zn sensors play a pivotal role in zinc biology, but their application in complex media such as blood serum or plate reader-based cellular assays is hampered by autofluorescence and light scattering. Bioluminescent sensor proteins provide an attractive alternative to fluorescent sensors for these applications, but the only bioluminescent sensor protein developed so far, BLZinCh, has a limited sensor response and a suboptimal Zn affinity. In this work, we expanded the toolbox of bioluminescent Zn sensors by developing two new sensor families that show a large change in the emission ratio and cover a range of physiologically relevant Zn affinities. Read More

Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

DTU Computing Center, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.

The development of cost-effective and eco-friendly sensor materials is needed to realize the application of detectors in daily life-such as in the internet of things. In this regard, monitoring air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO), mainly emitted by anthropogenic sources from daily human activities, is of great importance. In particular, developing a susceptible and portable CO sensor raises a dilemma because of the chemical inertness and non-polarity of CO molecules. Read More

Res Sports Med 2022 May 24:1-11. Epub 2022 May 24.

Athletic Training Research Laboratory, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.

The objective was to examine the efficacy of the Get aHEAD Safely in Soccer™ intervention on head impact kinematics and neck strength in female youth soccer players. The control group (CG) consisted of 13 players (age: 11.0 ± 0. Read More

Research (Wash D C) 2022 6;2022:9813537. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California, USA CA 92521.

Expensive instruments and complicated data processing are often required to discriminate solvents with similar structures and properties. Colorimetric sensors with high selectivity, low cost, and good portability are highly desirable to simplify such detection tasks. Herein, we report the fabrication of a photonic crystal sensor based on the self-assembled resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) hollow spheres to realize colorimetric sensing of polar solvents, including homologs and isomers based on the saturated diffusion time. Read More

Nano Res 2022 May 20:1-15. Epub 2022 May 20.

LAMBE, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry-Courcouronnes, France.

With an increasing global population that is rapidly ageing, our society faces challenges that impact health, environment, and energy demand. With this ageing comes an accumulation of cellular changes that lead to the development of diseases and susceptibility to infections. This impacts not only the health system, but also the global economy. Read More

Hum Factors 2022 May 24:187208221101292. Epub 2022 May 24.

School of Industrial Engineering, 311308Purdue University, West Lafayette, In, USA.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify objective measures that predict surgeon nontechnical skills (NTS) during surgery.

Background: NTS are cognitive and social skills that impact operative performance and patient outcomes. Current methods for NTS assessment in surgery rely on observation-based tools to rate intraoperative behavior. Read More

Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022 May 24. Epub 2022 May 24.

DHI A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Traditional marine monitoring can be a resource-intensive process that often covers a network of sampling stations where data are collected manually by divers, or discretely using in situ water samples at different depths at fixed positions followed by laboratory analysis. As such, environmental status are often reported after a delay of months or years. However, things are set to change for the better. Read More

Mikrochim Acta 2022 May 25;189(6):229. Epub 2022 May 25.

Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.

An impedimetric sensing strategy was developed for sensitively determining diethylstilbestrol (DES) based on a platform of porphyrin-containing covalent-organic framework (p-COF). The p-COF was synthesized using 5,10,15,20-tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TAPP) and 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(4-formylphenyl) pyrene (TFPy) as building blocks via condensation reaction, for which p-COF was named as TAPP-TFPy-COF. Considering the large specific surface area (302. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2022 ;2482:211-215

Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, U1233 INSERM, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.

Rhythmic locomotor activity is a commonly used readout of general circadian function in animals. For instance, measuring the activity of rodents in their home cages can provide information about circadian phase and period in response to genetic, pharmacological, and environmental manipulations. Herein, the use of infrared light sensors to measure circadian locomotor activity is described. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 24;12(1):8750. Epub 2022 May 24.

Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BT, UK.

Cervical cancer affects over half a million people worldwide each year, the majority of whom are in resource-limited settings where cytology screening is not available. As persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infections are a key causative factor, detection of HPV strains now complements cytology where screening services exist. This work demonstrates the efficacy of a handheld Lab-on-Chip (LoC) device, with an external sample extraction process, in detecting cervical cancer from biopsy samples. Read More

Trends Ecol Evol 2022 May 21. Epub 2022 May 21.

Structure 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address:

During RNA replication, coronaviruses require proofreading to maintain the integrity of their large genomes. Nsp14 associates with viral polymerase complex to excise the mismatched nucleotides. Aside from the exonuclease activity, nsp14 methyltransferase domain mediates cap methylation, facilitating translation initiation and protecting viral RNA from recognition by the innate immune sensors. Read More

Talanta 2022 May 10;247:123532. Epub 2022 May 10.

Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Processing and Circulation Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, PR China. Electronic address:

In peptide amphiphile, The positively charged amino acid arginine can inspire the ordered self-assembly of gold nanocomposites (AuNPs), transfer positive charge to AuNPs, and weaken the aggregation of AuNPs by electrostatic repulsion, whereas hydrophobic fatty acid chains regulate the self-assembly of AuNPs through hydrophobic interaction, which may be a novel strategy to overcome disordered arrangement and aggregation of AuNPs to obtain an ultra-sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for determining the total aflatoxin amount. In this study, a peptide amphiphile (C14R5), composed of five arginine residues as the hydrophilic chain and myristic acid as the hydrophobic chain, inspired AuNPs to form monodispersed hollow raspberry-like AuNPs (rasAuNPs). rasAuNPs could captured and immobilized large amounts of aflatoxin antigens via the Au-S bonds, resulting in binding to more anti-aflatoxin antibodies. Read More

Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022 May 8;305:102693. Epub 2022 May 8.

Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania. Electronic address:

Achievements in polymer chemistry enables to design artificial phase boundaries modified by imprints of selected molecules and some larger structures. These structures seem very useful for the design of new materials suitable for affinity chromatography and sensors. In this review, we are overviewing the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and the applicability of these MIPs in the design of affinity sensors. Read More

Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022 May 21;65:102236. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. Electronic address:

A comprehensive understanding of signaling mechanisms helps interpret fundamental biological processes and restore cell behavior from pathological conditions. Signaling outcome depends not only on the activity of each signaling component but also on their dynamic interaction in time and space, which remains challenging to probe by biochemical and cell-based assays. Opsin-based optogenetics has transformed neural science research with its spatiotemporal modulation of the activity of excitable cells. Read More

Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2022 May 5;221:106843. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Near Mata Mandir, Link Road No.3 Bhopal (M.P.) - 462003, India.

Background And Objective: Food ingestion is an integral part of health and wellness. Continues monitoring of different food types and observing the amount being consumed prevents gastrointestinal diseases and weight-related issues. Food intake recognition (FIR) systems, thus have significant impact on everyday life. Read More

ACS Sens 2022 May 24. Epub 2022 May 24.