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Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021 Mar 31;260:177-182. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Introduction: Aim of this study was the evaluation of prevalence of HPV infection and resulting genital dysplasia to assess the necessity and reasonability of pap smears and HPV testing in transgender patients. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection and responsible for the majority of genital dysplasias and malignancies. However, few data exist about the prevalence of HPV and dysplasia in transgender people. Read More

Syst Rev 2021 Apr 8;10(1):100. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Department of International Public Health, The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.

Background: Alcohol consumption is a key public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, which has the highest burden of alcohol attributable injury and disease of any region. Excess alcohol use is particularly harmful for adolescents and has been associated with neurocognitive defects and social and emotional problems. Effective screening and assessment tools are necessary to implement, evaluate and monitor interventions to prevent and decrease adolescent alcohol use. Read More

Clin Exp Optom 2021 Apr 8:1-4. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Department of Optometry, Northwest Permanente-Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR, USA.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted, systemic, inflammatory disease caused by the spirochaete, . The natural history of untreated syphilis progresses through four distinct stages: primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary syphilis. Ocular involvement can occur at any stage of syphilis and any part of the eye can be affected. Read More

J Trauma Stress 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Sexual assault (SA) often occurs in the context of substances, which can impair the trauma memory and contribute to negative cognitions like self-blame. Although these factors may affect posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment, outcomes for substance-involved SA have not been evaluated or compared with other types of SA. As such, we conducted a secondary analysis of a dismantling trial for cognitive processing therapy (CPT), focusing on 58 women with an index trauma of SA that occurred since age 14. Read More

Pediatrics 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

Objectives: To examine the association between child maltreatment (abuse and neglect) in one sibling and that in another as well as associated risk factors.

Methods: The participants were 520 sibling pairs enrolled in a population-based birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia ( = 1040). Exposure to suspected child maltreatment was measured by linkage with state child protection agency data. Read More

Aging Male 2021 Apr 5:1-7. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Hereford County Hospital, Wye Valley NHS Trust, Hereford, UK.

Objectives: Acute urinary retention (AUR) is one of the most significant complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The gold standard surgical treatment for BPH, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), is not without significant side effects and a prolonged hospital stay. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of Rezūm ™ steam ablation in the treatment of patients with AUR secondary to BPH. Read More

AEM Educ Train 2021 Apr 1;5(2):e10580. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Emergency Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia USA.

Background: Despite identified inequities and disparities in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ+) health, past studies have shown little or no education at the medical school or residency level for emergency physicians. With increased focus on health inequities and disparities, we sought to reexamine the status of sexual and gender minority health education in U.S. Read More

Heliyon 2021 Mar 18;7(3):e06528. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

Background: World Health Organization states adolescents as persons whose age is between 10-19 years. In Ethiopia, sexual and reproductive health problems of adolescents are high. Parent-adolescent communication regarding sexual and reproductive health issues is important to reduce adolescent risky sexual behaviors. Read More

J Adolesc Health 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Translational Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida; Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Purpose: Studies have demonstrated a disparity in sexual minority adolescents and substance use, possibly due to factors contributing to minority stress. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between self-identifying as lesbian, gay, or bisexual and illicit substance use compared to those who identify as heterosexual among high school students in the U.S. Read More

J Interpers Violence 2021 Apr 3:886260521997942. Epub 2021 Apr 3.

University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 6-session (12-hour) empowerment self-defense classroom delivered curriculum (i.e., ) among American Indian girls. Read More

Life (Basel) 2021 Mar 8;11(3). Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Center for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka.

The mosquito sensu lato (s.l.) is a major secondary vector of malaria in Sri Lanka. Read More

Cells 2021 Mar 11;10(3). Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Sex and Evolution Research Group, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway.

When females copulate with multiple males, pre- and post-copulatory sexual selection may interact synergistically or in opposition. Studying this interaction in wild populations is complex and potentially biased, because copulation and fertilization success are often inferred from offspring parentage rather than being directly measured. Here, I simulated 15 species of socially monogamous birds with varying levels of extra-pair paternity, where I could independently cause a male secondary sexual trait to improve copulation success, and a sperm trait to improve fertilization success. Read More

Med Care 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Health Program, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC South Central Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine Houston VA HRS&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX SHEP Patient Experience Survey Program, Office of Reporting, Analytics, Performance, Improvement and Deployment (RAPID), Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA Aleda E. Lutz Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Health Administration, Saginaw, MI Boston VA Research Institute Inc. National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.

Background: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) does not routinely collect and document sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data despite research on health disparities among sexual and gender minority (SGM) veterans. Due to the legacy of previous Department of Defense policies that prohibited disclosure of sexual or gender minority identities among active-duty personnel, minority veterans may be reluctant to respond to SOGI questions on confidential VHA surveys and in discussions with their VHA providers. Veterans may generally find SOGI questions uncomfortable and may not appreciate their relevance to health care. Read More

LGBT Health 2021 Mar 31. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

National LGBTQIA+ Health Education Center, The Fenway Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

There is a paucity of data regarding transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people who "detransition," or go back to living as their sex assigned at birth. This study examined reasons for past detransition among TGD people in the United States. A secondary analysis was performed on data from the U. Read More

Br J Surg 2021 Feb 18. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Colorectal Surgery Unit, Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Treatment of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is challenging. Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) can improve select bowel disorders. An RCT was conducted to assess the efficacy of PTNS compared with sham stimulation in patients with severe LARS. Read More

Integr Org Biol 2020 18;2(1):obz031. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.

Researchers have surmised that the ability to obtain dominance during reproduction is related to an individual's ability to better sequester the energy required for reproductive behaviors and develop secondary sexual characteristics, presumably through enhanced physiological performance. However, studies testing this idea are limited. Using sockeye salmon (), we explored the relationship between heart rate and dominance behavior during spawning. Read More

Int J Reprod Med 2021 16;2021:6697837. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.

Background: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) communication is most likely to promote healthy sexual practices and to reduce risky sexual behavior among adolescents. Communication is the principal means for parents to transmit sexual values and knowledge to their children. Although there are few studies conducted on parent-adolescent communication, there is no study conducted in the town of Ambo. Read More

Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2021 Mar 31. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010010, China.

Phytophthora infestans is the pathogen of potato late blight, which is one of the most serious diseases of the potato. Myxobacteria, especially Myxococcus, become a valuable biological control resource due to their preponderant abilities to produce various secondary metabolites with novel structure and remarkable biological activity. In a previous study, Myxococcus fulvus B25-I-3 with antagonistic activity against P. Read More

Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle) 2020 6;1(1):80-88. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, India.

The provision of safe abortion services upholds the realization of justice in sexual and reproductive health. Many state-level studies in India have identified poor availability of abortion services in the public sector and negative attitudes toward abortion among health providers, as potential barriers to access. A cross-sectional study was done to document the availability and utilization of medical termination of pregnancy (MTP or abortion) services and to assess public sector health providers' attitudes towards safe abortion. Read More

BMJ Open 2021 Mar 29;11(3):e042365. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Objectives: Experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with adverse health and psychosocial outcomes for women. However, rigorous economic evaluations of interventions targeting IPV prevention are rare. This paper analyses the cost-effectiveness of Unite for a Better Life (UBL), a gender-transformative intervention designed to prevent IPV and HIV risk behaviours among men, women and couples. Read More

MEDICC Rev 2021 Jan 30;23(1):84-87. Epub 2021 Jan 30.

Paquito González Cueto University Pediatric Hospital, Cienfuegos, Cuba.

This paper describes psychocardiology studies conducted from 2002 through 2018 in the Cardiology Department of the Dr Gustavo Aldereguía Lima University General Hospital in Cienfuegos Province, Cuba. Given the strong association between cardiovascular diseases and lifestyle, negative emotions and personality traits, psychology and medicine are equally necessary components of prevention and patient care, indispensable to primary and secondary prevention and to rehabilitation. When its therapeutic principles are appropriately applied, psychology can have a positive impact on the course of the disease and on patients' adaptation to new habits and lifestyles. Read More

Cureus 2021 Feb 21;13(2):e13468. Epub 2021 Feb 21.

Rheumatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (New York City Health and Hospitals/Queens), Jamaica, USA.

The involvement of kidneys in syphilis has been reported in the literature with the majority of cases presenting with nephrotic-range proteinuria. We report a case of rapidly proliferative glomerulonephritis in a patient with secondary syphilis. A 40-year-old male with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), chronic hepatitis B virus, and chronic kidney disease stage 2 presented with fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, arthralgia, chills, and rash throughout the body. Read More

Disabil Health J 2021 Mar 15:101093. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital & Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, Ontario, M4G 1R8, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Although having a sexual and reproductive life is a fundamental human right, people with disabilities, especially youth, often have many unaddressed needs. Healthcare providers commonly report lacking knowledge and training in how to address sexual-related topics with youth.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of pediatric rehabilitation care providers in addressing sex and sexuality among youth with disabilities. Read More

J Formos Med Assoc 2021 Mar 25. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Idiopathic (isolated) hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a rare disease that can be classified as Kallmann syndrome (KS) or normosmic IHH (nIHH). This study investigated the phenotype and genotype of IHH in Taiwanese patients.

Methods: Twenty-six unrelated IHH patients were included in this study and their clinical, hormonal, and radiological findings were analyzed retrospectively. Read More

J Interpers Violence 2021 Mar 27:8862605211005134. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, TX, USA.

Military sexual trauma (MST), defined as sexual assault or repeated, threatening sexual harassment while in the military, is associated with increased risk of long-term mental and physical health problems, with the most common being symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. In addition to PTSD and depression, MST is linked to difficulties in emotion regulation as well as poor treatment engagement. Thus, it is important to examine these correlates, and how they affect postintervention symptom reduction in this vulnerable population. Read More

Andrology 2021 Mar 27. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Institute for the Study of Fertility, Israel.

Background: Data on who among the infertile male population may benefit from round spermatid injections (ROSI) are lacking.

Objective: To determine the probability of finding round spermatids suitable for ROSI in men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) in whom no spermatozoa were retrieved at testicular sperm extraction.

Materials And Methods: Four-hundred fifty-seven consecutive men with azoospermia underwent testicular sperm extraction. Read More

Health Expect 2021 Mar 28. Epub 2021 Mar 28.

Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.

Context: There are few UK data on the prevalence and clustering of risky behaviours in ethnically diverse adolescents.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of reported alcohol use, smoking and vaping, and explore whether these behaviours are associated with increased numbers of sexual partners.

Design: Questionnaire survey of 'Test n Treat' chlamydia screening trial participants. Read More

AIDS Behav 2021 Mar 27. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), 2nd Floor, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X7, Congella, Durban, 4013, South Africa.

Young adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are at high risk of involvement in sexual risk behaviors; and curable sexually transmitted infections (STI), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and unintended pregnancies remain persistently high in this population. Evidence based strategies are urgently needed to improve these outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCT) to determine whether school-based interventions promote safe sex behaviors, reduce sexual risk behaviors and risk of curable STIs, HSV-2, HIV and unintended pregnancies among young adolescents aged 9-19 years in SSA. Read More