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Neurology 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Cognitive Neurology Center, Lariboisiere - Fernand Widal Hospital, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France.

Objective: To elaborate a new algorithm to establish a standardized method to define cuff-offs for CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by validating the algorithm against CSF classification derived from PET imaging.

Methods: Low and high levels of CSF phosphorylated tau were first identified to establish optimal cut-offs for CSF amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) biomarkers. These Aβ cut-offs were then used to determine cut-offs for CSF tau and phosphorylated tau markers. Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

From the University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.H., C.K., K.P., M.E.).

Background And Purpose: Assessment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis on MR imaging can be challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution 3D T2 sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and to compare its performance with contrast-enhanced 3D T1-MPRAGE.

Materials And Methods: We performed a blinded retrospective analysis of T2-SPACE and contrast-enhanced MPRAGE sequences from patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and a control group. Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Form the Departments of Neuroradiology (L.D., D.D., E. Prodi, A.C., E. Pravatà)

Background And Purpose: We hypothesized that 3D T1-TSE "black-blood" images may carry an increased risk of contrast-enhancing lesion misdiagnosis in patients with MS because of the misinterpretation of intraparenchymal vein enhancement. Thus, the occurrence of true-positive and false-positive findings was compared between standard MPRAGE and volumetric interpolated brain examination techniques.

Materials And Methods: Sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip-angle evolution (SPACE) images obtained from 232 patients with MS, clinically isolated syndrome, or radiologically isolated syndrome were compared with standard MPRAGE and volumetric interpolated brain examination images. Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Objectives: We aimed to characterise patterns of anal and oral detection of among men who have sex with men (MSM) with early syphilis.

Methods: 200 MSM with serologically confirmed primary, secondary and early latent syphilis were tested with PCR using an anal canal swab, oral rinse, plus swabs from any anal and oral lesions in a prospective, cross-sectional study. Anal and oral cycle threshold values were compared between subsets of men and according to rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titre. Read More

Semin Nephrol 2022 Jan;42(1):63-75

Transplant Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients, due to long-term immunosuppression. Salient issues to consider in decreasing the burden of malignancy among kidney transplant recipients include pretransplant recipient evaluation, post-transplant screening and monitoring, and optimal treatment strategies for the kidney transplant recipients with cancer. In this review, we address cancer incidence and outcomes, approaches to cancer screening and monitoring pretransplant and post-transplant, as well as treatment strategies, immunosuppressive management, and multidisciplinary approaches in the kidney transplant recipients with cancer. Read More

J Sch Psychol 2022 Jun 28;92:80-95. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, The University of British Columbia, Canada.

Although researchers have investigated technical adequacy and usability of written-expression curriculum-based measures (WE-CBM), the economic implications of different scoring approaches have largely been ignored. The absence of such knowledge can undermine the effective allocation of resources and lead to the adoption of suboptimal measures for the identification of students at risk for poor writing outcomes. Therefore, we used the Ingredients Method to compare implementation costs and cost-effectiveness of hand-calculated and automated scoring approaches. Read More

J Sch Psychol 2022 Jun 27;92:246-264. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Gibson Consulting Group, Austin, TX, United States of America.

Research on universal screening in reading has primarily focused on the psychometric adequacy of screening procedures without critically considering costs and value. Educators in upper elementary and middle school have access to a great deal of extant student achievement data, which makes the evaluation of the costs associated with collecting new data for screening purposes paramount. We conducted a retrospective analysis of four approaches to reading screening using cost-effectiveness analysis. Read More

J Am Coll Cardiol 2022 May;79(21):2069-2081

Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Background: The GenTAC (Genetically Triggered Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Cardiovascular Conditions) Registry enrolled patients with genetic aortopathies between 2007 and 2016.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare age distribution and probability of elective surgery for proximal aortic aneurysm, any dissection surgery, and cardiovascular mortality among aortopathy etiologies.

Methods: The GenTAC study had a retrospective/prospective design. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 May 26;12(5):e058839. Epub 2022 May 26.

Research Unit, North Zealand Psychiatric Center, Hillerod, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Introduction: Affective disorders are associated with impaired overall functioning and quality of life (QoL). Despite different medical and psychological treatment options, the prognosis remains largely unchanged. Consequently, the field needs new intervention strategies especially targeting patient groups with impaired functioning. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 May 26;12(5):e056323. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.

Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with variable and complex clinical manifestations that requires a multidisciplinary approach. However, face-to-face treatment in this population may experience barriers, such as difficulty accessing physical therapists or other professionals. As a result, strategies (eg, telerehabilitation) emerged to facilitate treatment and physical therapy monitoring. Read More

Open Heart 2022 May;9(1)

Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Objectives: Although cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is increasingly used to diagnose pericardial inflammation, imaging can still be challenging using conventional CMR techniques. Parametric mapping (T1/T2 mapping) techniques have emerged as novel methods to quantify focal and global changes of the myocardium without contrast agent. The aim of the present study was to implement parametric mapping to facilitate diagnostic decision-making in pericardial inflammation. Read More

J Vet Sci 2022 May;23(3):e50

College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.

Background: There is an urgent need to find reliable and rapid bovine tuberculosis (bTB) diagnostics in response to the rising prevalence of bTB worldwide. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognizes components of bTB and initiates antigen-presenting cells to mediate humoral immunity. Evaluating the affinity of antigens with TLR2 can form the basis of a new method for the diagnosis of bTB based on humoral immunity. Read More

J Vet Sci 2022 May;23(3):e48

Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China.

Background: The poor intracellular concentration of enrofloxacin might lead to treatment failure of cow mastitis caused by small colony variants (SASCVs).

Objectives: In this study, enrofloxacin composite nanogels were developed to increase the intracellular therapeutic drug concentrations and enhance the efficacy of enrofloxacin against cow mastitis caused by intracellular SASCVs.

Methods: Enrofloxacin composite nanogels were formulated by an electrostatic interaction between gelatin (positive charge) and sodium alginate (SA; negative charge) with the help of CaCl (ionic crosslinkers) and optimized by a single factor test using the particle diameter, zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI), loading capacity (LC), and encapsulation efficiency (EE) as indexes. Read More

J Vet Sci 2022 May;23(3):e45

College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.

We describe a case of gastrocnemius muscle rupture in a goral that got caught in a live trap set up to capture wild boars. We established a diagnostic method based on clinical signs and imaging examination findings, including magnetic resonance imaging for gastrocnemius muscle rupture with symptoms such as hindlimb lameness and plantigrade posture of unknown cause in wild animals. Although this condition is rare, this report will help veterinarians diagnose several diseases of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems in wild animals. Read More

Eur Respir J 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Introduction: The phenotype of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients carrying pathogenic variants remains mostly unknown.

Methods: We report the genetic analysis findings, characteristics and outcomes of patients with heritable PAH carrying variants from the French Pulmonary Hypertension Network.

Results: Twenty patients and eight unaffected relatives were identified. Read More

Eur Respir J 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin - Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany

Rapid and reliable diagnostic work-up of tuberculosis (TB) remains a major healthcare goal. In particular, discrimination of TB infection from TB disease with currently available diagnostic tools is challenging and time-consuming. This study aimed at establishing a standardised blood-based assay that rapidly and reliably discriminates TB infection from disease based on multiparameter analysis of TB antigen-reactive CD4 T cells acting as sensors for the TB stage-specific immune status. Read More

Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 305108, China.

Introduction: DNA nanostructures targeting organelles are of great significance for the early diagnosis and precise therapy of human cancers. This review is expected to promote the development of DNA nanostructure-based cancer treatment with organelle-level precision in the future.

Areas Covered: In this review, we introduce the different principles for targeting organelles, summarize the progresses in the development of organelle-targeting DNA nanostructures, highlight their advantages and applications in disease treatment, and discuss current challenges and future prospects. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2022 May 23:105393. Epub 2022 May 23.

Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Mitochondria are important cytoplasmic elements present in eukaryotic cells, and are involved in converting energy to ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria are vulnerable to reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby making it imperative to evaluate the toxicity. However, existing methods that evaluate mitochondrial toxicity in cardiomyocytes are limited. Read More

World Neurosurg 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore. Electronic address:

Background: The prevalence of BRAFV600E mutations in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXA) WHO Grade 2 and PXA WHO Grade 3 reported varies from 60 to 80%, yet the prognostic implications remain unclear.

Methods: We reviewed the demographic and clinicoradiological data of 20 PXAs WHO Grade 2 and 13 PXAs WHO Grade 3, operated between 2007 and 2020, to ascertain extent of excision, recurrence, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). PXAs WHO Grade 3 were defined by the presence of >5 mitoses/high power field. Read More

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022 May 23:103725. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90048, USA; Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90048, USA.

Liquid biopsy probes DNA, RNA, and proteins in body fluids for cancer detection and is one of the most rapidly developing areas in oncology. Tumor-derived DNA (circulating tumor DNA, ctDNA) in the context of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in blood has been the main target for its potential utilities in cancer detection. Liquid biopsy can report tumor burden in real-time without invasive interventions, and would be feasible for screening tumor types that lack standard-of-care screening approaches. Read More

Travel Med Infect Dis 2022 May 23:102357. Epub 2022 May 23.

BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. Electronic address:

Background: China is beginning to transform from a migrant exporting country to a migrant importing country. Our study aimed to assess risks of imported tuberculosis among travellers and to determine risk factors, to tailor institutional guidelines.

Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective, population-based cohort study. Read More

J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Division of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China; Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou 221004, China. Electronic address:

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the annual incidence, molecular epidemiological characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance of group A Streptococcus (GAS) clinical isolates from pediatric patients at Shenzhen Children's Hospital during 2016-2020.

Methods: Clinical samples were collected from pediatric patients with a suspected diagnosis of GAS infections. We studied the annual incidence and characteristics of GAS infections using the GAS antigen detection method. Read More

Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, UK.

Objective: Multiple biochemical biomarkers have been previously investigated for the diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatment of articular cartilage damage, including osteoarthritis (OA). Synovial fluid (SF) biomarker measurement is a potential method to predict treatment response and effectiveness. However, the significance of different biomarkers and their correlation to clinical outcomes remains unclear. Read More

Eur J Pharm Sci 2022 May 23:106220. Epub 2022 May 23.

KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research(,) Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry, Herestraat 49, box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:

With expanding recent outbreaks and a lack of treatment options, the Zika virus (ZIKV) poses a severe health concern. The availability of ZIKV NS2B-NS3 co-crystallized structures paved the way for rational drug discovery. A computer-aided structure-based approach was used to screen a diverse library of compounds against ZIKV NS2B-NS3 protease. Read More

Eur J Med Genet 2022 May 23:104531. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Medical Genetics, Lyon University Hospital, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Lyon, France.

In the last few years, with the advent of next generation sequencing (NGS), our knowledge of genes associated with monogenic epilepsies has significantly improved. NGS is also a powerful diagnostic tool for patients with epilepsy, through gene panels, exomes and genomes. This has improved diagnostic yield, reducing the time between the first seizure and a definitive molecular diagnosis. Read More

Fitoterapia 2022 May 23:105222. Epub 2022 May 23.

College of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, 1 West Huifeng Road, Chuzhou 239000, PR China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China. Electronic address:

A series of novel nitrogenous heterocycle substituted 23-Hydroxybetulinic acid (23-HBA) derivatives with amide linkages at the C-3 position were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activities. The biological screening results showed that most of the derivatives exhibited more potent antiproliferative activities than 23-HBA. In particular compound II-9 exhibited the most potent activities with IC values ranging from 1. Read More

Environ Pollut 2022 May 23:119519. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

As a result of the efforts to introduce the principle of the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) into animal testing, alternative in vitro skin corrosion test methods have been developed and standardized globally. However, alternative in vitro skin corrosion test methods have some limitations in terms of the use of humanely killed rats or commercial models and kits. The present study focused on the applicability of invertebrates as alternative in vivo skin models. Read More

Kidney Int 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston TX.

There is little data to inform use of renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors in pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, we sought to characterize RAAS inhibitor use in pediatric SLE, and determine whether early RAAS inhibitor initiation among children with incident lupus nephritis is associated with decreased duration of chronic glucocorticoid exposure. A retrospective cohort study was performed of children (ages 5-18) with SLE and/or lupus nephritis in the Truven MarketScan Medicaid and Commercial databases (2013-2018) and estimated RAAS inhibitor use. Read More