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Biomater Sci 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of life sciences and medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural linear anionic polysaccharide with many unique characteristics such as excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, native biofunctionality, hydrophilicity, and non-immunoreactivity. HA plays crucial roles in numerous biological processes, including the inflammatory response, cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. All these properties and biological functions of HA make it an appealing material for the synthesis of biomedical hydrogels for skin wound healing. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022 May;36(5):648-652

Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563003, P. R. China.

Objective: To provide systematic information for deep understanding and improvement of tension-reducing suture of deep layer skin.

Methods: The related literature over the years was extensively collected and precisely processed to summarize the characteristics and applications of different tension-reducing suture of deep layer skin.

Results: Throughout the development of plastic surgery, tension-reducing suture of deep layer skin mainly includes vertical mattress suture and its modified styles, horizontal mattress suture and its modified styles, and some special types of suture technique, and each one of them has its own characteristics and is suitable for wounds with different tension and shape. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Apr 19;12(9). Epub 2022 Apr 19.

State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska St. 11, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine.

Fumonisins (FBs), including fumonisin B1 and B2 produced by the fungus , are widespread mycotoxins contaminating crop plants as well as processed food. The aim of the experiment was to determine whether the exposure of 5-week-old pregnant rats to FBs at 60 mg/kg b.w. Read More

Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022 May;40(5):325-333

Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.

Laser applied at low power (400-1100 nm), currently named photobiomodulation (PBM), is a noninvasive therapy to speed up wound healing. The purpose of this study was whether two different laser PBM delivery protocols would impact the skin wound healing in a mouse model. A total of 24 SKH-1 mice were divided into three groups: Group 1 (control: untreated ulcers), Group 2 (a single postsurgical laser application), and Group 3 (laser each other day for 10 days; total five applications). Read More

FASEB J 2022 May;36 Suppl 1

Biomedical Sciences Program, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ.

Progranulin is a signaling molecule which has roles in lysosomal function, neurodegenerative diseases, wound healing, inflammation, and proliferation. The progranulin protein is composed of 7½ highly conserved granulin repeats joined by linker regions which are subject to proteolytic processing. Thus, the ultimate biological activity of progranulin is context dependent as it relies on the relative expression of diverse intracellular and extracellular proteases and protease inhibitors. Read More

FASEB J 2022 May;36 Suppl 1

North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC.

Inflammation plays a central role in the progression of kidney injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion (IR). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) trans-signaling has been shown to play a protective role by promoting repair processes in IR-induced renal injury. Meprin metalloproteases have been implicated in inflammation-induced kidney injury. Read More

FASEB J 2022 May;36 Suppl 1

The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON.

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease in premature infants resulting from inflammation and oxidative stress, leads to arrested pulmonary development and lifelong respiratory morbidities. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the neonatal lung, orchestrating inflammation, maintaining homeostasis, and supporting tissue remodeling and repair. Macrophages can polarize into specific phenotypes in response to the micro-environment. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 25;10:861788. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Irreducible knee dislocation (IKD) is a very rare but serious type of knee dislocation; it can lead to soft tissue necrosis due to incarceration of the medial structures and faces great difficulty in the postoperative rehabilitation, too. IKD needs careful pre-operative planning. There is no universal agreement about the appropriate surgical strategy for IKD. Read More

Regen Med 2022 May 12. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.

This study aimed to explore the role of hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in corneal alkali burns and the underlying mechanism. Rat corneal fibroblasts were incubated with IL-6, followed by treatment with hypoxic MSC supernatant. A rat corneal alkali burn model was implemented and processed with hypoxic MSCs. Read More

J Endovasc Ther 2022 May 11:15266028221095396. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.

Purpose: Physician-modified stent-grafts (PMSG) are widely used, especially when a patient's condition precludes waiting for a custom-made device. In recent years, the modification process has been upgraded using 3-dimensional (3D) aortic templates. Nonetheless, the reliability of PMSG and accuracy of fenestration alignment with the target vessel are not known. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2022 May 7. Epub 2022 May 7.

Private Dental Practice, Murcia, Spain.

Objective: To compare new bone formation in mandibular symphysis critical-sized bone defects (CSBDs) in healthy and osteoporotic rats filled with bioceramics (BCs) with or without buccal fat pad mesenchymal stem cells (BFPSCs).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to two groups (n = 16 per group): group 1 healthy and group 2 osteoporotic (with bilateral ovariectomy). The central portion of the rat mandibular symphysis was used as a physiological CSBD. Read More

Am J Hum Genet 2022 Apr 29. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Cancer Genomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address:

More knowledge is needed regarding germline predisposition to Ewing sarcoma to inform biological investigation and clinical practice. Here, we evaluated the enrichment of pathogenic germline variants in Ewing sarcoma relative to other pediatric sarcoma subtypes, as well as patterns of inheritance of these variants. We carried out European-focused and pan-ancestry case-control analyses to screen for enrichment of pathogenic germline variants in 141 established cancer predisposition genes in 1,147 individuals with pediatric sarcoma diagnoses (226 Ewing sarcoma, 438 osteosarcoma, 180 rhabdomyosarcoma, and 303 other sarcoma) relative to identically processed cancer-free control individuals. Read More

J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022 May 1:1-16. Epub 2022 May 1.

Stem Cell & Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Delhi, India.

Despite substantial progress in surgery, managing multi-tissue injuries is strenuous to accomplish and requires a multi-staged serial treatment of individual tissues. Stimulated regeneration affects the complete structural and functional repair of both hard and soft tissues post-injury and thus serves as an attractive therapeutic option to target multi-tissue injuries. This study utilized data mining and structural analysis to identify a target that has the ability to evoke healing of the two most commonly injured tissues i. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2022 Apr 28;220:109093. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. Electronic address:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of bovine colostrum (BC) in the regeneration of corneal epithelial cells on an ocular alkali burn model. Twenty-four C57BL/6 mice were categorized into two gender/age-matched groups for treatment. Two days after inducing a corneal alkali burn in all left eyes with 4 μl of sodium hydroxide 0. Read More

Nat Commun 2022 Apr 26;13(1):2248. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.

Bloom syndrome (BS) is associated with a profoundly increased cancer risk and is caused by mutations in the Bloom helicase (BLM). BLM is involved in the nucleolytic processing of the ends of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), to yield long 3' ssDNA tails that serve as the substrate for break repair by homologous recombination (HR). Here, we use single-molecule imaging to demonstrate that BLM mediates formation of large ssDNA loops during DNA end processing. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022 Apr 26;239(4):378-381. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Augenklinik, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, the most abundant subtype of the VEGF family in the eye, plays an important role in corneal homeostasis due to its ability to mediate corneal nerve repair. Repeated intravitreal anti-VEGF injections were shown to significantly reduce corneal nerve density, which might negatively affect corneal homeostasis and lead to a neuropathic dry eye disease. Currently, there are two effective modalities to treat dry eye while supplying VEGF to the ocular surface: serum eye drops (SED) and eye drops manufactured from plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF). Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 May 22;119(18):e2123420119. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

DNA Recombination and Repair Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom.

SignificanceWe devised a method involving DNAzyme self-cleavage for the preparation of DNA molecules containing double Holliday junctions (dHJs) that are separated by 746 bp. The DNAs can be prepared in large amounts suitable for in vitro analysis of enzymes required for the processing of recombination intermediates. We show that the dHJ DNA is dissolved efficiently by the BLM-TopIIIα-RMI1-RMI2 (BTRR) complex to produce noncrossover products, whereas nucleolytic resolution by GEN or SMX results in both crossover and noncrossover products. Read More

Genes Dev 2022 Apr 21;36(7-8):433-450. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.

Somatic hypermutation (SHM) produces point mutations in immunoglobulin (Ig) genes in B cells when uracils created by the activation-induced deaminase are processed in a mutagenic manner by enzymes of the base excision repair (BER) and mismatch repair (MMR) pathways. Such uracil processing creates DNA strand breaks and is susceptible to the generation of deleterious deletions. Here, we demonstrate that the DNA repair factor HMCES strongly suppresses deletions without significantly affecting other parameters of SHM in mouse and human B cells, thereby facilitating the production of antigen-specific antibodies. Read More

Invest Radiol 2022 Apr 8. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Objectives: We evaluated the different Virtual Grid software ratios (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) on gridless clinical chest radiographs with visual grading analysis (VGA). In addition, we investigated the 2 image quality assessment algorithms (IQAAs).

Materials And Methods: Gridless chest radiographs of 50 different intensive care unit patients were collected and afterward processed with Virtual Grid software. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 30;10:796076. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, United States.

The goal of the study is to determine the structural characteristics, mechanical properties, cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility of the pulmonary visceral pleura (PVP). Collagen and elastin are the major components of the extracellular matrix. The PVP has an abundance of elastin and collagen that can serve as a potential biomaterial for clinical repair and reconstructions. Read More

Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022 Apr 16. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Elgomhouria St., Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.

Background: Dentin is a permeable tubular composite and complex structure, and in weight, it is composed of 20% organic matrix, 10% water, and 70% hydroxyapatite crystalline matrix. Demineralization of dentin with gradient concentrations of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 0.6 N hydrochloric acid, or 2% nitric acid removes a major part of the crystalline apatite and maintains a majority of collagen type I and non-collagenous proteins, which creates an osteoinductive scaffold containing numerous matrix elements and growth factors. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2022 Apr 16. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Department of Surgery/Hernia Clinic, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu, China.

Backgrounds: To compare the clinical effectiveness of different mesh fixation techniques in Lichtenstein tension-free repair using network meta-analysis.

Methods: Cochrane Library, Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched until 1 December 2020, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing outcomes between different mesh fixation techniques were included. The primary endpoints were chronic postoperative inguinal pain (CPIP) and hernia recurrence. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2022 Apr 4;219:109061. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48940, Spain; Begiker-Ophthalmology Research Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain. Electronic address:

The Tear Film Lipid Layer (TFLL) acts primarily as an interface between the aqueous layer and air. Tear film lipid is composed of a thin layer of polar lipids that interact with the secretory layer of the underlying mucosa and a thicker layer of non-polar lipids at the air interface. The tear film has a complex structure and composition that protects the cornea, promotes wound healing, and maintains high-quality vision. Read More

Int Wound J 2022 Apr 3. Epub 2022 Apr 3.

Professional Education and Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.

Amniotic membranes are known to be rich in growth factors, cytokines, and matrix proteins, which can help support wound closure and may improve patient outcomes in foot and ankle surgical interventions. In this Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved clinical study, 21 consecutive patients undergoing lower extremity soft tissue and bone reconstruction surgery received dehydrated human amnion and chorion allograft (dHACA) placed as a covering over the deep layers of the surgical wound during closure. Wound healing complications were assessed and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores were compiled from over a 1-year follow-up period. Read More

Comput Math Methods Med 2022 24;2022:5466173. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, 116027 Liaoning Province, China.

This study was aimed at exploring the diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound imaging based on a fully convolutional neural network (FCN) for peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A total of 70 patients with T2D mellitus were selected and divided into a lesion group ( = 31) and a nonlesion group ( = 39) according to the type of peripheral neuropathy. In addition, 30 healthy people were used as controls. Read More

J Orthop 2022 May-Jun;31:45-51. Epub 2022 Mar 23.

Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.

Purpose: Cartilage-derived chondroprogenitors have been reported to possess the biological potential for cartilage repair. However, its inherent chondrogenic potential in pellet culture needs evaluation. In-vitro cartilage regeneration models based on pellet cultures have been employed to evaluate the chondrogenic potential of stem cells. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2022 17;17:1203-1225. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

Purpose: Gentiopicroside (GPS), an adequate bioactive candidate, has a promising approach for enhancing wound healing due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Its poor aqueous solubility negatively affects oral absorption accompanied by low bioavailability due to intestinal/hepatic first-pass metabolism. Our aim in this study is to fabricate GPS into appropriate nanocarriers (PLGA nanospheres, NSs) to enhance its solubility and hence its oral absorption would be improved. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 03 8;13(3). Epub 2022 Mar 8.

Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.

Repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination (HR) requires a carefully orchestrated sequence of events involving many proteins. One type of HR, synthesis-dependent strand annealing (SDSA), proceeds via the formation of a displacement loop (D-loop) when RAD51-coated single-stranded DNA invades a homologous template. The 3' end of the single-stranded DNA is extended by DNA synthesis. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2022 Apr 18;50(5):1344-1357. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Background: Autologous microfragmented lipoaspirate tissue has been recently introduced in orthopaedics as an easily available source of nonexpanded adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Autologous microfragmented lipoaspirate tissue is expected to create a suitable microenvironment for tendon repair and regeneration. Rotator cuff tears show a high incidence of rerupture and represent an ideal target for nonexpanded mesenchymal stem cells. Read More

ACS Omega 2022 Mar 28;7(9):7556-7571. Epub 2022 Feb 28.

Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.

The 3D printability of poly(l-lysine--l-alanine) and four-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (P(KA)/4-PEG) hydrogels as 3D biomaterial inks was investigated using two approaches to develop P(KA)/4-PEG into 3D biomaterial inks. Only the "composite microgel" inks were 3D printable. In this approach, P(KA)/4-PEG hydrogels were processed into microparticles and incorporated into a polymer solution to produce a composite microgel paste. Read More