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Neuroimmunomodulation 2021 Apr 12:1-9. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Depression and other psychiatric stress-related disorders are leading causes of disability worldwide. Up to date, treatments of mood disorders have limited success, most likely due to the multifactorial etiology of these conditions. Alterations in inflammatory processes have been identified as possible pathophysiological mechanisms in psychiatric conditions. Read More

Bioelectrochemistry 2021 Mar 26;140:107807. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran. Electronic address:

Regarding the cancer fatal consequences, early detection and progression monitoring are the most vital issues in patients' treatment and mortality reduction. Therefore, there is a great demand for fast, inexpensive, and selective detection methods. Herein, a graphene-based aptasensor was designed for sensitive human breast cancer cell detection. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2021 Apr 9;139:111553. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

miR-379 is a miRNA transcribed from the MIR379 locus on 14q32.31. This miRNA is located in an evolutionarily conserved miRNA cluster in an imprinted region that contains DLK1 and DIO3 genes. Read More

Phytomedicine 2021 Feb 24;86:153527. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address:

Background: SiNiSan (SNS) is an ancient Chinese herbal prescription, and the current clinical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is effective. In the previous study of the research team, the multi-functional co-synergism of SNS against IBS was presented. Some potential drug targets and candidate ligands were predicted. Read More

J Biomech 2021 Mar 15;121:110381. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Multiscale Materials Modeling Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, 731 W. Dickson Street, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA. Electronic address:

Peptoids as an extracellular matrix (ECM) material is gaining importance in in vitro neuronal cell culture studies due to their biocompatibility, self-assembling structure, and stability. Mechanotransduction between a neuronal cell and an ECM is mediated by neuronal cell receptors such as integrin and neural cellular adhesion molecule. In this study, using molecular dynamics, we investigate the interaction energies between peptoid and neuronal cell receptors, and also study the effect of peptoid bundle size. Read More

Bioorg Chem 2021 Mar 29;112:104876. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

BioOrg NMR Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

We describe the development of an on-cell NMR method for the rapid screening of FimH ligands and the structural identification of ligand binding epitopes. FimH is a mannose-binding bacterial adhesin expressed at the apical end of type 1 pili of uropathogenic bacterial strains and responsible for their d-mannose sensitive adhesion to host mammalian epithelial cells. Because of these properties, FimH is a key virulence factor and an attractive therapeutic target for urinary tract infection. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2021 Mar 23;256:109048. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

PRRS Research Laboratory, Viral Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

The objective of this study was to assess protective efficacy of vaccination using CPD-attenuated chimeric PRRSV and Toll like receptor (TLR) agonists (HSP70 c-terminal domain and HSPX) as adjuvants through different inoculation routes. In this study, a chimeric PRRSV composed of two field isolates was synthesized and attenuated by CPD in NSP1 as described in the previous study. The infection of the CPD-attenuated chimeric PRRSV to pigs of 3 weeks-old showed no clinical signs without pathological lesions in necropsy, while it induced improved cross immunity between its parent strains. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021 Apr 9;556:192-198. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan. Electronic address:

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection mainly causes gastroduodenal diseases, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that infection with H. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2021 Apr 2;355:577552. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain.

A 43 year-old male presented with a relapsing and progressive systemic inflammatory disorder with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. After a two years follow up, he was diagnosed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), based on clinical, laboratory and radiological findings. Treatment was started with anakinra, a recombinant humanised interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles CA. Electronic address:

Background: The mechanisms underlying premature ventricular contraction (PVC)-induced cardiomyopathy remain unknown. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) afferent fibers are implicated in the reflex processing of cardiac stress.

Objective: We aimed to determine whether cardiac TRPV1 afferent signaling promote PVC-induced cardiomyopathy. Read More

Vascul Pharmacol 2021 Apr 9:106861. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Cardiovascular Translational Research Center - School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.

The virus responsible for the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Evidences suggest that COVID-19 could trigger cardiovascular complications in apparently healthy patients. Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses acting as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)/ danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMP). Read More

Mol Metab 2021 Apr 9:101234. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: The brain was once thought of as an insulin-insensitive organ. We now know that the insulin receptor is present throughout the brain and serves important functions in whole body metabolism and brain function. Brain insulin signaling is involved in not only brain homeostatic processes, but also neuropathological processes such as cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Read More

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021 Apr 9:105898. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India. Electronic address:

Optimal functioning of Sertoli cells is crucial for spermatogenesis which is under tight regulation of sex hormones, estrogen and androgen. Adult rat Sertoli cells expresses estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and androgen receptor (AR), both of which regulate gene transcription by binding to the DNA. The present study is aimed to acquire a genome-wide map of estrogen- and androgen-regulated genes in adult Sertoli cells. Read More

Int J Pharm 2021 Apr 9:120575. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. Electronic address:

The advent of drug-eluting stents (DES) has revolutionised the treatment of coronary artery disease. These devices, coated with anti-proliferative drugs, are deployed into stenosed or occluded vessels, compressing the plaque to restore natural blood flow, whilst simultaneously combating the evolution of restenotic tissue. Since the development of the first stent, extensive research has investigated how further advancements in stent technology can improve patient outcome. Read More

Int J Pharm 2021 Apr 9:120588. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Experimental Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden; Clinical Research Center (KFC) and Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Aim: The study was designed to evaluate the ability of the calcium sulfate based NanoZolid® drug delivery technology to locally release the epidermal growth factor (EGF) protein while maintaining its biological activity.

Methods: NanoZolid-formulated EGF protein labelled with a near infrared dye (EGF-NIR) depots or EGF-NIR dissolved in PBS were injected subcutaneously into mice bearing EGF receptor (EGFR) positive human A549 lung cancer tumors inoculated subcutaneously. The release and biodistribution of the EGF-NIR were investigated in vivo longitudinally up to 96 hours post administration, utilizing whole body fluorescence imaging. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021 Apr 9:129907. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China. Electronic address:

Background: Oncostatin M (OSM) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) are two important pro-inflammatory cytokines of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family. The two cytokines mediated signaling was recently found to be closely associated with cancer and chronic inflammation, which represent promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of many solid tumors and inflammatory disease. As the most closely related members, cross-reactivity of them may result in undesired activation of off-target cells, leading to toxicity or lack of efficacy of the therapeutic effects. Read More

Genomics 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, PR China. Electronic address:

The RGS (regulator of G protein signaling) gene family, which includes negative regulators of G protein-coupled receptors, comprises important drug targets for malignant tumors. It is thus of great significance to explore the value of RGS family genes for diagnostic and prognostic prediction in ovarian cancer. The RNA-seq, immunophenotype, and stem cell index data of pan-cancer, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, and GTEx data of ovarian cancer were downloaded from the UCSC Xena database. Read More

Neurobiol Dis 2021 Apr 9:105363. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, 67000 Strasbourg, France; University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), 67000 Strasbourg, France. Electronic address:

Endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) is an important modulator of nociceptive sensory processing in the spinal cord. An increased level of spinal ACh induces analgesia both in humans and rodents while interfering with cholinergic signaling is allodynic, demonstrating that a basal tone of spinal ACh modulates nociceptive responses in naïve animals. The plasticity undergone by this cholinergic system in chronic pain situation is unknown, and the mere presence of this tone in neuropathic animals is controversial. Read More

Cancer Lett 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China. Electronic address:

Accumulating evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is associated with the antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) following ICI treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying these interactions remain unclear. Recent technological advances have allowed more extensive investigation into the interplay between the intestinal microbiota and the tumor immune microenvironment. Read More

Behav Brain Res 2021 Apr 9:113290. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Rize, Turkey. Electronic address:

It has been established that cisplatin causes neuronal damage and cognitive impairment. However, the mechanism is not sufficiently clear. Apelin-13 is an endogenous peptide with strong neuroprotective effects through the synthesis of neurotrophic factors and suppression of inflammation. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2021 Apr 9:119026. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Departments of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City, MEXICO. Electronic address:

Chemotactic and angiogenic factors secreted within the tumor microenvironment eventually facilitate the metastatic dissemination of cancer cells. Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) activates secretory pathways in breast cancer cells via a mechanism driven by vesicular trafficking of this receptor. However, it remains to be elucidated how endosomal proteins in secretory vesicles are controlled by CaSR. Read More

J Insect Physiol 2021 Apr 9:104240. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.

In recent years, there has been interest in reduced-risk materials with insecticidal properties for the invasive pest spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii. Here, we compared the peripheral sensitivity (via the tip-recording technique, used to monitor the neural activity of gustatory receptor neurons [GRNs]) and palatability (via the Proboscis Extension Reflex [PER]) of chitosan, a polysaccharide derived from chitin, with that of erythritol, a sugar alcohol, to male and female D. suzukii. Read More

J Mol Biol 2021 Apr 9:166984. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. Electronic address:

Tuberculosis (TB) disease remains a major health crisis. Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) cause a range of diseases ranging from latent infection to active TB disease. Read More

Neuropharmacology 2021 Apr 9:108553. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 2Z4; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2. Electronic address:

Childhood Absence Epilepsy (CAE) accounts for approximately 10% of all pediatric epilepsies. Current treatments for CAE are ineffective in approximately 1/3 of patients and can be associated with severe side effects such as hepatotoxicity. Certain cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (CBD), have shown promise in the treatment of pediatric epilepsies. Read More

Neuropharmacology 2021 Apr 9:108542. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:

Glutamate delta (GluD) receptors are a functionally enigmatic subfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Despite sharing similar sequences and structures with AMPA, NMDA, and kainate receptors, GluD receptors do not bind glutamate nor function as ligand-gated ion channels. Binding D-serine and engaging in transsynaptic protein-protein interactions, GluD receptors are thought to undergo complex conformational rearrangements for non-ionotropic signaling that regulates synaptic plasticity. Read More

Neuropharmacology 2021 Apr 9:108559. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Dept. of Psychology, Sapienza University, Via Dei Marsi, 78 - 00184 Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64 - 00143 Roma, Italy. Electronic address:

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are designed to improve mood by raising extracellular serotonin levels through the blockade of the serotonin transporter. However, they exhibit a slow onset of action, suggesting the involvement of adaptive regulatory mechanisms. We hypothesized that the microRNA-34 family facilitates the therapeutic activity of SSRIs. Read More

Front Neuroendocrinol 2021 Apr 9:100914. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CiberNed), Spain.

Parkinson's disease and diabetes mellitus are two chronic disorders associated with aging that are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Parkinson is a multifactorial progressive condition with no available disease modifying treatments at the moment. Over the last few years there is growing interest in the relationship between diabetes (and impaired insulin signaling) and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the possible benefit of antidiabetic treatments as neuroprotectors, even in non-diabetic patients. Read More

Am Heart J 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC). Madrid, Spain.

Background: The use of Renin-Angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been questioned because both share a target receptor site.

Methods: HOPE-COVID-19 (NCT04334291) is an international investigator-initiated registry. Patients are eligible when discharged after an in-hospital stay with COVID-19, dead or alive. Read More

Biochem Pharmacol 2021 Apr 9:114560. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Cardiometabolic Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.

Emerging evidence suggests that G protein coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) may influence adrenoceptor function/activity in the cardiovascular system. Whether this reflects direct interaction (dimerization) between receptors or signalling crosstalk has not been investigated. This study explored the interaction between GPR55 and the alpha 1A adrenoceptor (α-AR) in the cardiovascular system and the potential to influence function/signalling activities. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2021 Apr 9:108866. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Pharmacology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt. Electronic address:

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib (IM) is used in the treatment of different varieties of cancers. The current study was designed to explore the beneficial role of l-carnitine against IM-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Male albino rats received IM (40 mg/kg, i. Read More