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Turk J Orthod 2021 2;34(1):39-45. Epub 2020 Dec 2.

Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bapuji of Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the components of the objective grading system developed by the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) and smile esthetics in Class I extraction vs non-extraction cases.

Methods: A total of 40 extraoral smile images of orthodontically treated (20 extraction and 20 non-extraction) cases in the age group of 13-30 years and Class I skeletal malocclusion with an average mandibular plane angle were selected. Smile images were rated only by the orthodontist, and this panel included 12 members. Read More

Hand Surg Rehabil 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

Total wrist arthroplasty remains controversial, with the few studies undertaken being heterogeneous and having low patient numbers. This prospective study involved 22 Universal 2™ total wrist prostheses implanted by the same surgeon between 2003 and 2017. There were 13 women and nine with an average age of 56 (42-69. Read More

Hand (N Y) 2021 Apr 1:1558944721999732. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, USA.

Background: Nitinol memory compression staples have been proposed as an effective alternative to compression screws for capitolunate arthrodesis (CLA) for scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) and scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) wrist. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of CLA for SNAC or SLAC wrist treatment using either compression screws or nitinol staples.

Methods: In all, 47 patients with CLA for SLAC or SNAC wrist with screws or nitinol staples were retrospectively identified. Read More

Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2020 Dec 12;2(6):e200420. Epub 2020 Nov 12.

Department of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208042, Tompkin's East 2, New Haven, CT 06520.

Purpose: To develop a technique that allows portable chest radiography to be performed through the glass door of a patient's room in the emergency department.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of 100 radiographs (50 [mean age 59.4 ± 17. Read More

J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021 Mar 25. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Background: Glenoid component loosening is a primary cause of failure of anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and is commonly associated with glenoid bone loss. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the outcome and survival following revision to a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) for the treatment of loosening of a polyethylene cemented glenoid component in the setting of failed TSA.

Methods: Between 2010 and 2017, 151 shoulders underwent revision to RSA for the treatment of loosening of an anatomical polyethylene glenoid component. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 Mar 19. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) in detecting and classifying distal radius fractures, metal, and cast on radiographs using labels based on radiology reports. The secondary aim was to evaluate the effect of the training set size on the algorithm's performance.

Methods: A total of 15,775 frontal and lateral radiographs, corresponding radiology reports, and a ResNet18 DCNN were used. Read More

J Orofac Orthop 2021 Mar 16. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, 35640, Izmir, Turkey.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate hand-wrist bones, cervical vertebrae and tooth development stages according to skeletal classification.

Methods: The orthodontic initial records of 297 patients were used and separated into three groups according to the skeletal malocclusion. Three groups including 99 people each were sampled representing malocclusions with Angle classes I, II and III, respectively. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 03 15;3:CD014545. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Background: The detection and diagnosis of caries at the earliest opportunity is fundamental to the preservation of tooth tissue and maintenance of oral health. Radiographs have traditionally been used to supplement the conventional visual-tactile clinical examination. Accurate, timely detection and diagnosis of early signs of disease could afford patients the opportunity of less invasive treatment with less destruction of tooth tissue, reduce the need for treatment with aerosol-generating procedures, and potentially result in a reduced cost of care to the patient and to healthcare services. Read More

Bone Rep 2021 Jun 21;14:100748. Epub 2021 Jan 21.

Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Trauma, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Bone strength determined from finite element (FE) modelling provides an estimate of fracture healing progression following a distal radius fracture (DRF), but how these measures relate to patient-reported outcomes and functional outcomes remains unknown. We hypothesized that changes in bone stiffness and bone mineral density measured using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) are associated with clinically available measures of functional and patient-reported outcomes. We also aimed to identify which clinical outcome measures best predict fracture stiffness and could therefore be used to inform cast removal. Read More

Acta Biomed 2020 12 30;91(14-S):e2020026. Epub 2020 Dec 30.

Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, Ospedale San Polo, Monfalcone (GO).

Background And Aim: Trapezial-metacarpal arthritis (TMA) is a common and highly disabling pathology. Trapeziectomy and Ceruso's suspensionplasty is described for moderate-severe stages. The aim of the present study was to assess functional and radiographic results at an average 5-year follow-up using a modified Ceruso's technique where the Abductor Pollicis Longus (APL) is passed twice around the Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) and a suture mini-anchor in the base of the first metacarpal is used to further stabilize the thumb. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 01 27;1:CD013855. Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Dundee Dental School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.

Background: Caries is one of the most prevalent and preventable conditions worldwide. If identified early enough then non-invasive techniques can be applied, and therefore this review focusses on early caries involving the enamel surface of the tooth. The cornerstone of caries detection and diagnosis is a visual and tactile dental examination, although alternative approaches are available. Read More

J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021 Mar;103(6):483-488

Department of Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Background: Alignment adequate to offer nonoperative treatment after reduction of a distal radial fracture is a matter of opinion. This study addressed factors associated with interobserver reliability of satisfaction with alignment after the reduction of a distal radial fracture.

Methods: A survey sent to members of the Science of Variation Group divided the participants into 4 groups that each rated 24 sets of radiographs of adult patients with a distal radial fracture before and after manipulative reduction and cast or splint immobilization. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 Jan 13. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.

Objectives: To compare image quality and radiation dose between dual-energy subtraction (DES)-based bone suppression images (D-BSIs) and software-based bone suppression images (S-BSIs).

Methods: Chest radiographs (CXRs) of forty adult patients were obtained with the two X-ray devices, one with DES and one with bone suppression software. Three image quality metrics (relative mean absolute error (RMAE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index (SSIM)) between original CXR and BSI for each of D-BSI and S-SBI groups were calculated for each bone and soft tissue areas. Read More

Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021 Jan 8:20200471. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Objectives: The present clinical trial was intended to clarify whether subjective assessments of diagnostic X-ray image quality achieved via hand-held (HH) Nomad Pro 2 (KaVo Kerr, Brea, CA, USA) X-ray device is non-inferior that of the wall-mounted (WM) KaVo Focus (KaVo Dental, Bieberich, Germany).

Methods: A prospective, cross-over, and non-inferiority clinical trial was conducted to compare these two diagnostic modalities. Based on sampling calculations, 205 patients were selected for study, generating 410 paired bitewing radiographs in randomized sequence. Read More

JB JS Open Access 2020 Oct-Dec;5(4). Epub 2020 Dec 23.

Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations can be associated with displaced anterior glenoid rim fractures. Nonoperative treatment of such fractures has been shown to have excellent results in a small cohort of patients; as such, we have been treating these fractures nonoperatively, regardless of fragment size and degree of displacement, provided that post-reduction computed tomography scans revealed an anteroposteriorly centered humeral head. The aim of this study was to analyze the medium- to long-term results of nonoperative treatment of displaced anterior glenoid rim fractures, assessing in particular the residual instability and development of osteoarthritis. Read More

J Wrist Surg 2020 Dec 29;9(6):487-492. Epub 2020 Jul 29.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.

 Dorsal scaphoid translation (DST) has been demonstrated to occur in patients with complete scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) tears. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have demonstrated ability to detect DST in patients with documented complete scapholunate (SL) disruption, but the relevance of this parameter to outcomes of reconstruction has not been determined.  The purpose of this article is to determine how radiographic parameters of SL dissociation correlate with postoperative pain and functional outcomes of SLIL reconstruction. Read More

Eur Radiol 2020 Nov 19. Epub 2020 Nov 19.

Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.

Objective: Assessing the advantage of x-ray dark-field contrast over x-ray transmission contrast in radiography for the detection of developing radiation-induced lung damage in mice.

Methods: Two groups of female C57BL/6 mice (irradiated and control) were imaged obtaining both contrasts monthly for 28 weeks post irradiation. Six mice received 20 Gy of irradiation to the entire right lung sparing the left lung. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2020 Dec 9;29(12):2571-2577. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Fondren Orthopedic Group, Texas Orthopedic Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Fondren Orthopedic Research Institute (FORI), Houston, TX, USA; Texas Education and Research Foundation for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Inc. (TERFSES), Houston, TX, USA.

Background: Glenoid component malpositioning and glenoid component retroversion have been associated with higher rates of radiolucencies, raising concerns about its implications on glenoid loosening and ultimate failure of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Although there is literature regarding the relative advantages of techniques to address posterior glenoid bone loss, we are not aware of studies comparing outcomes of TSA on these challenging Walch type B2 glenoids vs. more common A1 glenoids. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2021 Feb;41(2):e167-e173

Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

Background: Determination and longitudinal monitoring of progressive skeletal maturity are essential in the management of children with scoliosis. Although different methods for determining skeletal maturity exists, the most widely practiced method relies on the ossification pattern of the bones of the hand and wrist, which is traditionally acquired using conventional techniques and after the acquisition of the spine using the low-dose slot-scanning technique. Whereas the existing published literature has published promising results on the use of the slot-scanning technique to acquire these hand and wrist radiographs, image quality and radiation dose have not been systematically compared between these techniques. Read More

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2021 Jan 4;16(1):11-22. Epub 2020 Nov 4.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Purpose: We designed an Artificial X-ray Imaging System (AXIS) that generates simulated fluoroscopic X-ray images on the fly and assessed its utility in improving C-arm positioning performance by C-arm users with little or no C-arm experience.

Methods: The AXIS system was comprised of an optical tracking system to monitor C-arm movement, a manikin, a reference CT volume registered to the manikin, and a Digitally Reconstructed Radiograph algorithm to generate live simulated fluoroscopic images. A user study was conducted with 30 participants who had little or no C-arm experience. Read More

Health Technol Assess 2020 10;24(52):1-234

Alcuin Research Resource Centre Building, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.

Background: Scaphoid fractures account for 90% of carpal fractures and occur predominantly in young men. Immediate surgical fixation of this fracture has increased.

Objective: To compare the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of surgical fixation with cast treatment and early fixation in adults with scaphoid waist fractures that fail to unite. Read More

J Arthroplasty 2021 Mar 15;36(3):830-832. Epub 2020 Sep 15.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, NC; Hip & Knee Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, NC.

Background: All aspects of the arthroplasty pathway must be scrutinized to maximize value and eliminate unnecessary cost. Radiology providers' contracts with hospitals often call for readings of all radiographs. This policy has little effect on patient care when intraoperative radiographs are taken and used to make real-time decisions. Read More

J Wrist Surg 2020 Oct 12;9(5):404-410. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

 Kienböck's disease leading to progressive carpal collapse alters the wrist biomechanics leading to early arthritis and degenerative changes. Out of multiple surgical procedures present, no gold standard has been described. Scaphocapitate arthrodesis (SCA) is limited carpal fusion which shifts the loading axis toward radioscaphoid joint. Read More

Radiography (Lond) 2021 May 3;27(2):304-309. Epub 2020 Oct 3.

Diagnostic Radiology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, P.O.Box: 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon. Electronic address:

Introduction: Radiologists and radiographers play a complementary role in providing an optimal image quality with decrease radiation dose and proper diagnosis during chest radiographs. We aim Investigate years of experience among radiologists and radiographers on perception of image quality and its impact on repeat rate when evaluating portable pediatric chest radiographs.

Methods: IRB approved retrospective study consisted of randomly selected images (n = 131) of pediatric portable chest radiographs. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Oct 1;9(10). Epub 2020 Oct 1.

Orthopedics and Sport Medicine Unit, Campolongo Hospital, 84025 Salerno, Italy.

The successful treatment of proximal humeral fractures remains challenging for shoulder surgeons, and failure rates are high, regardless of initial treatment. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and radiographic midterm results of onlay lateralized cementless stem reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in patients with valgus/varus malunion proximal humerus fracture sequelae without metaphyseal osteotomy. We retrospectively studied 35 cases with the diagnosis of fracture sequelae of the proximal part of the humerus with valgus/varus malunion. Read More

Int Orthop 2020 12 29;44(12):2673-2681. Epub 2020 Sep 29.

Orthopädie Sonnenhof, Buchserstrasse 4, 3006, Bern, Switzerland.

Purpose: Fractures of the acromion and the scapular spine are serious complications after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. They concern about 4 to 5% of the patients and always result in a significant deterioration of shoulder function. Different causes have been taken into consideration, particularly stress or fatigue fractures. Read More

Spine Deform 2021 Jan 23;9(1):155-160. Epub 2020 Sep 23.

Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Purpose: The current literature on clinical appearance after surgery for high-grade spondylolisthesis is inconclusive. The few long-term comparative studies on surgical reduction versus in situ fusion report contradictory findings concerning appearance-related issues. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate and quantify clinical appearance three decades after in situ fusion for high-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Read More

Hand Surg Rehabil 2021 Feb 19;40(1):87-92. Epub 2020 Sep 19.

Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Soguksu mah. Kazım Karabekir cd., 07100 Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address:

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) subluxation and articular surface involvement measurements during the assessment of bony mallet finger. Two observers measured articular involvement, subluxation ratio and rated joint congruency on 30 lateral radiographs of patients with bony mallet finger on two separate occasions. All measurements and ratings were done on magnified digital radiographs on a workstation. Read More

Radiography (Lond) 2021 May 18;27(2):310-315. Epub 2020 Sep 18.

Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Gjuterigatan 5, Jönköping, SE-553 18, Sweden. Electronic address:

Introduction: The radiography profession is challenged by greater responsibilities and shortage of educated radiographers. Implementation of task shifting is one strategy to deal with the current situation in health care. The aim of this studiy was to evaluate radiographers' perception of assistant nurses and nurses carrying out tasks that traditionally were undertaken within the radiography profession in a Swedish context. Read More

Orthop Surg 2020 Dec 9;12(6):1597-1604. Epub 2020 Aug 9.

Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with monoarticular rheumatoid arthritis of the fifth metatarsophalangeal joint after Weil osteotomy.

Methods: From July 2011 to September 2015, 18 feet of 16 rheumatoid arthritis patients who underwent Weil osteotomy of the fifth metatarsal toe with a mean age at the time of surgery of 48.8 ± 7. Read More