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Enzymes 2020 8;48:39-68. Epub 2020 Sep 8.

Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States. Electronic address:

In this chapter we consider the catalytic approaches used by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (AARS) enzymes to synthesize aminoacyl-tRNA from cognate amino acid and tRNA. This ligase reaction proceeds through an activated aminoacyl-adenylate (aa-AMP). Common themes among AARSs include use of induced fit to drive catalysis and transition state stabilization by class-conserved sequence and structure motifs. Read More

Adapt Phys Activ Q 2021 Apr 9:1-22. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

University of Alabama at Birmingham.

The uptake and benefits of the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults with Multiple Sclerosis (PAGs) have been validated, but there is limited understanding regarding the knowledge, needs, and preferences of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) for implementing the PAGs outside of clinical research. The authors conducted online, semistructured interviews with 40 persons with MS from across the United States seeking information on awareness of and potential approaches for increasing the uptake of the PAGs. They identified first impressions and potential approaches for increasing the uptake of the PAGs through inductive, semantic thematic analysis. Read More

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021 Apr 6:102285. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, 8330546, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address:

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive spherical bacterium that causes various infections that can be superficial or become life-threatening. Besides, S. aureus represents a major producer of healthcare-associated infections. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2021 23;12:590021. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak is currently putting a strain on the mental health resilience of the world's population. Specifically, it is likely to elicit an intense response to fear and to act as a risk factor for the onset of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Some individuals may be more at risk than others, with pathological personality variables being a potential candidate as a central vulnerability factor. Read More

Rev Med Liege 2021 Apr;76(4):245-247

Département de Médecine générale, ULiège, Belgique.

Previous studies have established a positive correlation between democracy and health. The COVID pandemic seems to be putting democracies in trouble. One option to face this challenge could be to strengthen health promotion, as defined in Ottawa Charter. Read More

Child Adolesc Ment Health 2021 Apr 7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Inpatient psychiatric care is the most expensive resource within the pediatric mental health system and is too often justified based on the lack of more appropriate and effective services. Rates of readmission are high, and data regarding long-term benefits are lacking. The continuum of care needs to be realigned to meet the needs of children and families, with investments in intensive community-based services and evidence-based training while limiting the use of acute inpatient care to those patients whose clinical presentations require and benefit from that level of service. Read More

GMS J Med Educ 2021 15;38(3):Doc67. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

University of Mainz, University Medical Center, Rudolf Frey Lernklinik, Mainz, Germany.

Hospitals and other medical institutions must prepare for a further increase in patients who are either immigrants or Germans with a migration background. In spite of the unquestionable educational and socio-political relevance of this topic, most German universities do not offer a comprehensive curriculum aimed at increasing intercultural awareness and putting it into practice in the training of students in medicine and pharmacy. Against this background, this article presents the innovative teaching project "Die Triade", which was jointly implemented by the Departments of Medicine, Pharmacy and Translation Studies at the University of Mainz. Read More

Ann Work Expo Health 2021 Apr 3. Epub 2021 Apr 3.

Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Objectives: Healthcare workers often have unnoticed minor abrasions on their hands, putting them at risk of contracting infectious diseases from patients, if the integrity of the medical gloves is compromised. This study aimed to compare the rate and location of glove perforation between well-fitted and ill-fitted gloves.

Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional study were 45 midwives in the maternity ward of a hospital in Shiraz city, Iran. Read More

Int J Imaging Syst Technol 2021 Feb 9. Epub 2021 Feb 9.

School of Engineering Ngee Ann Polytechnic Singapore Singapore.

In 2020 the world is facing unprecedented challenges due to COVID-19. To address these challenges, many digital tools are being explored and developed to contain the spread of the disease. With the lack of availability of vaccines, there is an urgent need to avert resurgence of infections by putting some measures, such as contact tracing, in place. Read More

Mini Rev Med Chem 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, C.L.Baid Metha College of Pharmacy , The Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai. India.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease and a drug which targets a single protein will not provide a cure for the disease. Currently available drugs for AD are all palliative rather than curative. FDA approved only five drugs for the treatment of AD, which includes tacrine, donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine. Read More

Libyan J Med 2021 Dec;16(1):1901438

Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has caused global mental health impacts, and healthcare workers (HCWs) face an increased risk of exposure to the disease when compared to the general population. This study aimed to assess factors associated with mental health among Lebanese HCWs six months after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs at a tertiary hospital, in Lebanon between June and July 2020. Read More

J Vector Borne Dis 2020 Jan-Mar;57(1):58-62

Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.

Background & Objectives: Dengue and chikungunya are two mosquito-borne viral diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquito species and are a great public health concern in India. The present study was aimed to check the influence of antagonistic crustaceans, especially Mesocyclops aspericornis and Daphnia magna on Ae. aegypti L. Read More

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Mar 26:1-6. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, SGT Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Village Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505 India.

The accumulated disease burden during lockdown period, due to postponement of regular surgeries, is expected to put additional pressure on surgeons during the post-lockdown period. Due to the contagious nature of SARS-CoV-2 and its suspected presence in middle ear mucosa and mastoid, Ear surgeons are bound to face a challenging situation in present times as well as in times to come. Through this article we aim to streamline fresh management strategies particularly for the post-lockdown period keeping in mind that immunity after vaccination may take a few months to develop due to various factors discussed in the article. Read More

Med Decis Making 2021 Apr 5:272989X21998980. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

W. Maurice Young Centre for Applied Ethics, School of Population and Public Health, Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Purpose: We carried out the first public deliberation to elicit lay input regarding guidelines for the design and evaluation of decision aids, focusing on the example of colorectal ("colon") cancer screening.

Methods: A random, demographically stratified sample of 28 laypeople convened for 4 days, during which they were informed about key issues regarding colon cancer, screening tests, risk communication, and decision aids. Participants then deliberated in small and large group sessions about the following: 1) What information should be included in all decision aids for colon screening? 2) What risk information should be in a decision aid and how should risk information be presented? 3) What makes a screening decision a good one (reasonable or legitimate)? 4) What makes a decision aid and the advice it provides trustworthy? With the help of a trained facilitator, the deliberants formulated recommendations, and a vote was held on each to identify support and alternative views. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Mar 26;22(7). Epub 2021 Mar 26.

The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic.

Cytokinins are a class of phytohormones, signalling molecules specific to plants. They act as regulators of diverse physiological processes in complex signalling pathways. It is necessary for plants to continuously regulate cytokinin distribution among different organs, tissues, cells, and compartments. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Mar 22;18(6). Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain.

Background: The analysis of the center of pressure (COP) is a method used to assess the foot function, but its reliability and repeatability have not been evaluated. COP can be altered by diverse conditions, like an excessive foot pronation. Low-Dye taping is commonly used for the treatment of symptoms related to an excessive pronation. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2021 Mar 12;14(6). Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland.

Cracking in non-load-bearing internal partition walls is a serious problem that frequently occurs in new buildings within the short term after putting them into service or even before completion of construction. Sometimes, it is so considerable that it cannot be accepted by the occupiers. The article presents tests of cracking in ceramic walls with a door opening connected in a rigid and flexible way along vertical edges. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 03 5;18(5). Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Centre for eHealth and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands.

(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic forced people from all around the globe to strongly modify their daily routines, putting a significant strain on the social aspects of daily lives. While the first wave of the pandemic was a very challenging time in all countries, it is still uncertain whether various lockdown intensities and infection rates differed regarding their psychosocial impact. This work therefore aimed to investigate (i) the psychosocial effects of home confinement in two European countries that underwent different lockdown intensities: Italy and the Netherlands and (ii) the role of communication technology in relation to feelings of loneliness. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2021 Mar 23;21(6). Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad de Málaga, ETSI Telecomunicación, 29071 Málaga, Spain.

Over the last few years, the use of smartwatches in automatic Fall Detection Systems (FDSs) has aroused great interest in the research of new wearable telemonitoring systems for the elderly. In contrast with other approaches to the problem of fall detection, smartwatch-based FDSs can benefit from the widespread acceptance, ergonomics, low cost, networking interfaces, and sensors that these devices provide. However, the scientific literature has shown that, due to the freedom of movement of the arms, the wrist is usually not the most appropriate position to unambiguously characterize the dynamics of the human body during falls, as many conventional activities of daily living that involve a vigorous motion of the hands may be easily misinterpreted as falls. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Mar 20;22(6). Epub 2021 Mar 20.

Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000 Nancy, France.

Iron-containing proteins, including iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins, are essential for numerous electron transfer and metabolic reactions. They are present in most subcellular compartments. In plastids, in addition to sustaining the linear and cyclic photosynthetic electron transfer chains, Fe-S proteins participate in carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur assimilation, tetrapyrrole and isoprenoid metabolism, and lipoic acid and thiamine synthesis. Read More

Pathogens 2021 Mar 18;10(3). Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.

Recent global changes have led to an increase in the spread of ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) affecting domestic ruminants and humans, with an annual loss of US $13.9-$18.7 billion. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Mar 14;18(6). Epub 2021 Mar 14.

Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.

Insufficient physical activity (PA) is a critical public health issue especially in the context of COVID-related deconditioning. Health professionals are well placed to promote community-based PA but there is little supporting implementation research. We aimed to explore physiotherapists' knowledge, views, attitudes and experiences regarding the promotion of physical activity, exercise and sport within daily clinical practice in order to guide development of strategies to support implementation of PA promotion by physiotherapists, in particular those treating older people, and adults and children with a disability. Read More

Yale J Biol Med 2021 03 31;94(1):159-164. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Center for Emergency Care and Policy Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Black, Latinx, and Indigenous people have contracted the SARS-CoV-2 virus and died of COVID-19 at higher rates than White people. Individuals rated public transit, taxis, and ride-hailing as the modes of transportation putting them at greatest risk of COVID-19 infection. Cycling may thus be an attractive alternative for commuting. Read More

PLoS One 2021 1;16(4):e0249309. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Two experiments tested whether the Dutch possessive pronoun zijn 'his' gives rise to a gender inference and thus causes a male bias when used generically in sentences such as Everyone was putting on his shoes. Experiment 1 (N = 120, 48 male) was a conceptual replication of a previous eye-tracking study that had not found evidence of a male bias. The results of the current eye-tracking experiment showed the generically-intended masculine pronoun to trigger a gender inference and cause a male bias, but for male participants and in stereotypically neutral stereotype contexts only. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021 Apr 1:ATVBAHA121316101. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Australian National University, Canberra (E.E.G.).

Cureus 2021 Feb 26;13(2):e13568. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Neurological Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, USA.

Aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are rare, with limited consensus on appropriate management. These aneurysms have been noted to have a faster growth rate and are more prone to rupture. Accessing these aneurysms for microsurgical clipping is challenging, and has traditionally required significant removal of the occipital condyle, putting the patient at risk for future complications. Read More

Heliyon 2021 Mar 15;7(3):e06459. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

The Estevez-Mansfield-Clarkson (EMC) equation and the (2+1)-dimensional Riemann wave (RW) equation are important mathematical models in nonlinear science, engineering and mathematical physics which have remarkable applications in the field of plasma physics, fluid dynamics, optics, image processing etc. Generally, through the sine-Gordon expansion (SGE) method only the lower-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) are examined. However, the method has not yet been extended of finding solutions to the higher-dimensional NLEEs. Read More

Am J Surg 2021 Mar 25. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

DDS, Msc of Oral surgery, Adjunct Assistant Professor of OMFS Department of Augusta University, GA, USA. Electronic address:

During a pandemic, the responsibility of care is rightly shifted from the individual patient to safeguard the health of the large community. The coronavirus pandemic has reshaped the healthcare landscape, placing a strain on all healthcare workers, especially women in healthcare. During the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic, the threatening pressure on the healthcare system has forced governments and healthcare systems to formulate complex policies to decide how to allocate limited resources. Read More

Immun Ageing 2021 Mar 30;18(1):15. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

The risk of serious complications and the fatality rate due to COVID-19 pandemic have proven particularly higher in older persons, putting a further strain in healthcare system as we dramatically observed.COVID-19 is not exclusively gerophile (géro "old" and philia "love") as young people can be infected, even if older people experience more severe symptoms and mortality due to their greater frailty. Indeed, frailty could complicate the course of COVID-19, much more than the number of years lived. Read More