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Phlebology 2021 Mar 21:2683555211003801. Epub 2021 Mar 21.

Private Practice Phlebology & Dermatology, Bonn, Germany and Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to illustrate how compression is performed worldwide in proximal DVT and if compression management has changed recently.

Methods: A global online survey, consisting of 36 questions, was used. The survey was solicited from membership lists of Union Internationale de Phlébologie (UIP) membership societies. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 01 19;1:CD002783. Epub 2021 Jan 19.

Department of General Surgery, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK.

Background: Standard treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) aims to reduce immediate complications. Use of thrombolytic clot removal strategies (i.e. Read More

Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021 Jan 26:1-10. Epub 2021 Jan 26.

Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London , London, UK.

: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a common lifelong condition affecting up to 50% of those suffering from deep vein thrombosis (DVT). PTS compromises function and quality of life with subsequent venous ulceration in up to 29% of those affected. : A literature review of surgical and non-surgical approaches in the prevention and treatment of PTS was undertaken. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2020 12 23;9(23):e018917. Epub 2020 Nov 23.

Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy.

Background In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus heparin/vitamin K antagonists for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with inherited thrombophilia. Methods and Results We enrolled consecutive patients with acute VTE and inherited thrombophilia treated with DOACs (cases) or heparin/vitamin K antagonists (controls), matched for age, sex, ethnicity, and thrombophilia type. End points were VTE recurrence and bleeding complications; residual vein thrombosis and post-thrombotic syndrome; VTE recurrence after anticoagulant discontinuation. Read More

Vnitr Lek 2020 ;66(3):146-151

Despite the progress achieved in prevention and therapy in recent decades, venous thromboembolic disorder still presents medical burden. Incidence is estimated about 100-200/100 000 per year. Patients, who underwent deep vein thrombosis are at risk of recurrence and/or development of post-thrombotic syndrome. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2020 Jun 1;10(6). Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Pulmonary Circulation, Thromboembolic Diseases and Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Fryderyk Chopin Hospital in European Health Center Otwock, 05-400 Otwock, Poland.

We present a case of a 67-year-old female with proximal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), disqualified from pulmonary endarterectomy due to multiple comorbidities and high risk-to-benefit ratio as assessed by multidisciplinary CTEPH team. She was referred for balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and underwent three sessions with balloon catheters up to 8 mm diameter. During the second procedure, the elastic recoil phenomenon was observed in the treated post-thrombotic lesion of the right lower lobe artery, which made the balloon angioplasty ineffective. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 11 13;8(6):912-918. Epub 2020 May 13.

Academic Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address:

Objective: Acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) can be complicated by post-thrombotic syndrome, which is associated with significant morbidity and healthcare costs. The Acute Venous Thrombosis: Thrombus Removal with Adjunctive Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis (ATTRACT) was the largest and most controversial randomized controlled trial evaluating the use of pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for the prevention of post-thrombotic syndrome after acute DVT. This study aimed to evaluate clinicians' opinion on the ATTRACT trial and its impact on clinical practice. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 May 12;9(5). Epub 2020 May 12.

Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63110, USA.

Acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) causes substantial short-term and long-term patient morbidity. Medical, lifestyle, and compressive therapies have been investigated for the prevention of pulmonary embolism (PE) and recurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, patient-centered outcomes such as resolution of presenting DVT symptoms and late occurrence of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) have not been prioritized to the same degree. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Mar 27;9(4). Epub 2020 Mar 27.

Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.

The post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a form of chronic venous insufficiency secondary to prior deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It affects up to 50% of patients after proximal DVT. There is no effective treatment of established PTS and its management lies in its prevention after DVT. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2019 Dec;7(Suppl 8):S343

"Arianna Anticoagulazione" Foundation, Bologna, Italy.

Angiol Sosud Khir 2019 ;25(4):181-187

Multimodality Medical Centre of the Bank of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

Background: Acute thrombosis in the system of the inferior vena cava is one of the most common vascular diseases and is of serious danger as a potential source of one of the most severe complications. In order to assess efficacy of open thrombectomy for embologenic iliofemoral venous thromboses we carried out comparison of the results of open thrombectomy and implantation of cava filters in a total of 119 patients presenting with iliofemoral thrombosis.

Patients And Methods: Open thrombectomy was performed in a total of 59 patients. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 05 14;8(3):390-395. Epub 2019 Dec 14.

Center for Vascular Diseases Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany.

Objective: The most frequent complication of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). We recently showed inhibition of varicose vein development by atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. The aim of this study was to test the influence of lipid-lowering therapy with statins on PTS development. Read More

Lancet Haematol 2020 Jan 27;7(1):e40-e49. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands; Department of Vascular Surgery, Aachen University Medical Centre, Aachen, Germany.

Background: Early thrombus removal might prevent post-thrombotic syndrome by preserving venous function and restoring flow. Previous trials comparing additional catheter-directed thrombolysis to standard treatment showed conflicting outcomes. We aimed to assess the benefit of additional ultrasound-accelerated catheter-directed thrombolysis for the prevention of post-thrombotic syndrome compared with standard therapy in patients with iliofemoral deep-vein thrombosis. Read More

Int Angiol 2020 Apr 25;39(2):93-104. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Introduction: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) and iliofemoral (IF) patency reduction are common complications of iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (IFDVT). Recent studies suggested that endovascular treatment, such as catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) and pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT) can effectively reduce the risk and morbidity of PTS in IFDVT patients. This article aims to review the current literature on the subject, focusing on the long-term outcomes of endovascular treatment techniques in IFDVT patients. Read More

Hematology 2019 Dec;24(1):742-750

INSERM UMR-S1176, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Deep vein thrombosis is a common disease associated with a variety of complications including post-thrombotic syndrome as a late complication. It is now clear that in addition to classical deep vein thrombosis triggers such as blood flow disturbance, hypercoagulability, and vessel wall changes, inflammation has a key role in the pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis, and there is a close relationship between inflammation and coagulation. As attested by changes in several plasma biomarkers, inflammation may have a significant role in the development of post-thrombotic syndrome. Read More

Br J Haematol 2020 03 12;188(6):962-975. Epub 2019 Nov 12.

Unit of Academic Primary Care, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is prevalent and impactful, with a risk of death, morbidity and recurrence. Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a common consequence and associated with impaired quality of life (QoL). The ExACT study was a non-blinded, prospective, multicentred randomised controlled trial comparing extended versus limited duration anticoagulation following a first unprovoked VTE (proximal deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism). Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 09 18;9:CD004177. Epub 2019 Sep 18.

Department of Dermatology, Huidcentrum Limburg, Maastricht, Netherlands.

Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a long-term complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) characterised by chronic complaints such as oedema and skin changes including; venous ectasia, varicose veins, redness, eczema, hyperpigmentation, and in severe cases fibrosis of the subcutaneous adipose in the affected limb. These chronic complaints are the effects of venous outflow restriction that can cause symptoms such as heaviness, itching, pain, cramps, and paraesthesia. Twenty to fifty percent of people with DVT develop post-thrombotic complications. Read More

Thromb Res 2019 Oct 12;182:20-26. Epub 2019 Aug 12.

Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Prescription of compression stockings to prevent post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) in adults is controversial. We sought to estimate the efficacy of compression stockings vs. placebo/no intervention (control) in preventing PTS, and to estimate the probability of observing a benefit when prescribing compression stockings to prevent PTS. Read More

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 03 18;8(2):182-186. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Section of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Post-thrombotic syndrome is a common complication of iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (IFDVT). Existing evidence and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines suggest that this can be reduced by prompt thrombolytic therapy or thrombectomy. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of IFDVT patients and to identify whether patients are being offered the recommended treatment pathway. Read More

Cancer Treat Res 2019 ;179:117-137

Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 7300, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.

Central venous access devices are a critical instrument in the treatment and supportive care delivery for oncology patients. Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) is a common complication of central venous access devices in oncology patients. Risk factors for CRT include patient-, device-, and treatment-related risk factors. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 May 10;34(9):1441-1447. Epub 2019 Jul 10.

Coagulation Unit, Institute of Hematology, Beilinson Hospital Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.

Objective: The efficacy of pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis (PCDT) in preventing post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) for pregnancy related deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is unknown.

Study Design: An observational cross section study of women with pregnancy related proximal (femoral/iliofemoral) DVT who underwent PCDT followed by anticoagulation (study group), and women who were treated with anticoagulation alone (control group). Women were evaluated for PTS using the Villalta scale (primary outcome) and VEINES-QOL/Sym questionnaires. Read More

J Thromb Haemost 2019 09 23;17(9):1417-1429. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Sex matters when it comes to venous thromboembolism (VTE). We defined 5P's - period, pill, prognosis, pregnancy, and postthrombotic syndrome - that should be discussed with young women with VTE. Menstrual blood loss (Period) can be aggravated by anticoagulant therapy. Read More

Ann Oncol 2019 08;30(8):1329-1334

Faculty of Medicine, Department I of Internal Medicine, GHSG. Electronic address:

Background: The prognosis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is excellent rendering research into treatment complications highly important. An important complication of cancer and its treatment is thrombosis. Thrombotic events are regularly observed in HL patients but precise information on incidence and risk factors is lacking and the value of prophylactic anticoagulation unclear. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019 Mar;23(6):2669-2680

Department of Radiotherapy, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Objective: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) predisposes to venous thrombosis (VT) and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a long-term VT-related complication. Sulodexide (SDX) is a highly purified glycosaminoglycan with antithrombotic, pro-fibrinolytic and anti-inflammatory activity used in the treatment of chronic venous disease (CVD), including patients with PTS. SDX has recently obtained clinical evidence in the "extension therapy" after initial-standard anticoagulant treatment for the secondary prevention of recurrent deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Read More

Phlebology 2019 Dec 14;34(10):675-682. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2019 May 8;7(3):452-462. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Electronic address:

Background: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the pediatric population is rare, occurring in about 10 to 14 out of 10,000 pediatric admissions annually, but with serious consequences such as pulmonary embolism and/or post-thrombotic syndrome. There is a dearth of surgical literature regarding this entity, its pathophysiology, its treatment and its long-term sequelae.

Methods: An extensive search of available surgical and medical literature in Medline, PubMed was obtained by searching terms synonymous with pediatric DVT. Read More

Vasa 2019 Jul 20;48(4):341-346. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

3 Herz-Jesu-Krankenhaus Dernbach, Dernbach, Germany.

Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) represents a treatment option in addition to conventional therapy for patients with iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT). We sought to determine the safety, patency and short-term outcome of the AspirexS catheter as a rotational mechanical thrombectomy device in the endovascular treatment of iliofemoral DVT. 56 patients (66 % female, median age 51 years) undergoing mechanical thrombectomy with the AspirexS catheter for endovascular treatment of iliofemoral DVT were included in the analysis. Read More

Expert Rev Hematol 2019 03 26;12(3):147-158. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

a Haemorrhagic and Thrombotic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED) , Padova University Hospital , Padova , Italy.

Introduction: Fifty-three years after the first description of an inherited prothrombotic condition (antithrombin deficiency), our knowledge on hereditary and acquired causes of hypercoagulability that can predispose carriers to venous thromboembolism (VTE) has greatly improved. Areas covered: Main causes of hereditary thrombophilia are summarized alongside new prothrombotic mutations recently discovered. The main causes of acquired thrombophilia, and namely, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia, are also discussed together with other common acquired prothrombotic states characterized by an increase of procoagulant factors and/or a decrease of natural anticoagulants. Read More

Int J Adolesc Med Health 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Unit of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal.

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) - which includes deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) - has been increasingly recognized in the pediatric population. The estimated incidence is 0.07-0. Read More