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J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Apr 15;50(1):25. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.

Background: Salivary gland choristoma (SGCh) is a rare benign tumor reported in several unusual sites, such as the gastrointestinal tract, the optic nerve, and the internal auditory canal, but never reported in the inner ear.

Case Presentation: An 8-year-old girl with a history of left profound congenital hearing loss presented to us with ipsilateral progressive severe facial nerve palsy (House-Brackmann Grade VI). The left tympanic membrane was swollen with a pulsatile tumor. Read More

Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Gynecologic Department, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Congenital vaginal atresia is a rare congenital reproductive tract abnormality. To assess the clinical manifestations and feasibility of preserving uterus for congenital complete vaginal atresia with cervical aplasia, nineteen cases who underwent surgical treatment in West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University were retrospectively studied. The cervical status, clinical manifestations, the rate of vaginal re-stenosis and pelvic inflammation after surgery were assessed. Read More

Stem Cells Int 2021 10;2021:8818356. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Genomic Science, Krishna Building, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye. P. O, Kasaragod District, Kerala 671316, India.

Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and mouse epiblast stem cells (mEpiSCs) are the pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of preimplantation embryos at embryonic day 3.5 (E3.5) and postimplantation embryos at E5. Read More

Biomaterials 2021 Apr 4;271:120750. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. Electronic address:

Vitreous substitutes are clinically used to maintain retinal apposition and preserve retinal function; yet the most used substitutes are gases and oils which have disadvantages including strict face-down positioning post-surgery and the need for subsequent surgical removal, respectively. We have engineered a vitreous substitute comprised of a novel hyaluronan-oxime crosslinked hydrogel. Hyaluronan, which is naturally abundant in the vitreous of the eye, is chemically modified to crosslink with poly(ethylene glycol)-tetraoxyamine via oxime chemistry to produce a vitreous substitute that has similar physical properties to the native vitreous including refractive index, density and transparency. Read More

Am J Clin Oncol 2021 May;44(5):206-209

Departments of General Surgery.

Objectives: Whether to preserve or sacrifice the intercostobrachial nerves (ICBN) is a controversial issue. In this trial, we aim to assess the effects of preservation of the ICBN during axillary dissection for patients with breast cancer in terms of pain score immediately postoperatively and several hours later, need for simple analgesia and narcotics, numbness and arm swelling.

Materials And Methods: This is a single-institution, single-surgeon randomized controlled trial where a sample of 48 patients with breast cancer, of various age groups, were allocated randomly to any of the 2; preservation or sacrifice categories. Read More

J Biomech Eng 2021 Feb 4. Epub 2021 Feb 4.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.

Aortic Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) MRI was recently developed to assess heterogeneities in aortic wall circumferential strain (CS). However, previous studies neglected potential radial and shear strain (RSS) distributions. Herein, we present an improved aortic DENSE MRI post-processing method to assess the feasibility of quantifying all components of the 2D strain tensor. Read More

J Biol Chem 2021 Jan 23:100335. Epub 2021 Jan 23.

Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address:

Lipid transfer proteins of the Ups1/PRELID1 family facilitate the transport of phospholipids across the intermembrane space of mitochondria in a lipid-specific manner. Heterodimeric complexes of yeast Ups1/Mdm35 or human PRELID1/TRIAP1 shuttle phosphatidic acid (PA) mainly synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the inner membrane, where it is converted to cardiolipin (CL), the signature phospholipid of mitochondria. Loss of Ups1/PRELID1 proteins impairs the accumulation of CL and broadly affects mitochondrial structure and function. Read More

PLoS One 2021 20;16(1):e0245170. Epub 2021 Jan 20.

Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

The area of the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor (IAMC) follows the foothills and piedmont zones around the northern limits of Asia's interior mountains, connecting two important areas for human evolution: the Fergana valley and the Siberian Altai. Prior research has suggested the IAMC may have provided an area of connected refugia from harsh climates during the Pleistocene. To date, this region contains very few secure, dateable Pleistocene sites, but its widely available carbonate units present an opportunity for discovering cave sites, which generally preserve longer sequences and organic remains. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021 Jan 16. Epub 2021 Jan 16.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address:

This article reports the surgical resection of clinically benign tumours in the maxillomandibular deep lobe of the parotid gland via sternocleidomastoid muscle-parotid space (SPS) approach. The use of maxillary-mandibular planes to subdivide the deep lobe of the parotid gland in order to establish the tumour location and accessibility is introduced. This approach, which does not raise a skin flap, may preserve the superficial lobe. Read More

Micromachines (Basel) 2021 Jan 16;12(1). Epub 2021 Jan 16.

Hospital 12 Octubre, Hematology Department, Research Institute i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

We previously reported a new approach for micromanipulation and encapsulation of human stem cells using a droplet-based microfluidic device. This approach demonstrated the possibility of encapsulating and culturing difficult-to-preserve primary human hematopoietic stem cells using an engineered double-layered bead composed by an inner layer of alginate and an outer layer of Puramatrix. We also demonstrated the maintenance and expansion of Multiple Myeloma cells in this construction. Read More

J Endourol Case Rep 2020 29;6(4):370-373. Epub 2020 Dec 29.

Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.

Surgical treatment of synchronous multifocal renal tumors arising in a solitary kidney remains an extremely unique and stressful challenge, since it is not easy to completely remove multiple tumors and effectively preserve the renal function without perioperative complications. In this report, we describe our experience of three patients with multifocal renal tumors detected in a solitary kidney who were treated by robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). Two men and one woman were found to have two small renal tumors in a solitary kidney, and subsequently underwent RAPN at our institution. Read More

J Pineal Res 2021 Jan 11:e12716. Epub 2021 Jan 11.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.

Retinopathy of prematurity is a vision-threatening disease associated with retinal hypoxia-ischemia, leading to the death of retinal neurons and chronic neuronal degeneration. During this study, we used the oxygen-induced retinopathy mice model to mimic retinal hypoxia-ischemia phenotypes to investigate further the neuroprotective effect of melatonin on neonatal retinal neurons. Melatonin helped maintain relatively normal inner retinal architecture and thickness and preserve inner retinal neuron populations in avascular areas by rescuing retinal ganglion and bipolar cells, and horizontal and amacrine neurons, from apoptosis. Read More

J Infus Nurs 2021 Jan-Feb 01;44(1):26-33

St. Joseph Hospital and Medical Center, Dignity Health, Phoenix, Arizona.

Hospitalized patients require venous access for procedures, treatments, or therapies. The short peripheral catheter (SPC) is one option for patients who need intravenous (IV) access for treatment. Patients with difficult vasculature sometimes require multiple attempts to obtain SPC access. Read More

Microbiology (Reading) 2021 01;167(1)

Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.

The CpxRA two-component regulatory system and the Rcs phosphorelay system are both employed by the family to preserve bacterial envelope integrity and function when growing under stress. Although both systems regulate several overlapping physiological processes, evidence demonstrating a molecular connection between Cpx and Rcs signalling outputs is scarce. Here, we show that CpxR negatively regulates the transcription of the gene in the Rcs phosphorelay system in . Read More

IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 2020 Dec 3;PP. Epub 2020 Dec 3.

Online image hashing has received increasing research attention recently, which processes large-scale data in a streaming fashion to update the hash functions on-the-fly. To this end, most existing works exploit this problem under a supervised setting, i.e. Read More

Cureus 2020 Oct 28;12(10):e11218. Epub 2020 Oct 28.

Neurology, Flowers Medical Group, Dothan, USA.

The mathematization of nature is an age-old concept. The Greeks sought harmony in the celestial spheres. The Arab geometers constructed a spherical geometry of the heavens. Read More

Sci Adv 2020 Nov 25;6(48). Epub 2020 Nov 25.

Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China.

Current homogeneous bioscaffolds could hardly recapture the regenerative microenvironment of extracellular matrix. Inspired by the peculiar nature of dura matter, we developed an extracellular matrix-mimicking scaffold with biomimetic heterogeneous features so as to fit the multiple needs in dura mater repairing. The inner surface endowed with anisotropic topology and optimized chemical cues could orchestrate the elongation and bipolarization of fibroblasts and preserve the quiescent phenotype of fibroblasts indicated by down-regulated α-smooth muscle actin expression. Read More

Nat Commun 2020 11 24;11(1):5971. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.

The teeth of all vertebrates predominantly comprise the same materials, but their lifespans vary widely: in stark contrast to mammals, shark teeth are functional only for weeks, rather than decades, making lifelong durability largely irrelevant. However, their diets are diverse and often mechanically demanding, and as such, their teeth should maintain a functional morphology, even in the face of extremely high and potentially damaging contact stresses. Here, we reconcile the dilemma between the need for an operative tooth geometry and the unavoidable damage inherent to feeding on hard foods, demonstrating that the tooth cusps of Port Jackson sharks, hard-shelled prey specialists, possess unusual microarchitecture that controls tooth erosion in a way that maintains functional cusp shape. Read More

J Relig Health 2020 Nov 2. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Ashkelon Academic College, College of Management Academic Studies, Rishon LeZion, Israel.

The article addressed the key psychological issues that arise in encounters between the world of analytical psychotherapy and the inner world of patients belonging to the ultraorthodox (Haredi) community in Israel. The ultraorthodox community is characterized by isolationism and withdrawal, whether as a means of protecting itself from the influence of unacceptable lifestyles or as an ideal that eschews mingling with secular or semi-secular communities. Thus, the community maintains itself apart from the mainstream Israeli public in terms of its religious beliefs and independent culture. Read More

Acta Biomater 2021 01 27;119:268-283. Epub 2020 Oct 27.

Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address:

Elastic and muscular arteries differ in structure, function, and mechanical properties, and may adapt differently to aging. We compared the descending thoracic aortas (TA) and the superficial femoral arteries (SFA) of 27 tissue donors (average 41±18 years, range 13-73 years) using planar biaxial testing, constitutive modeling, and bidirectional histology. Both TAs and SFAs increased in size with age, with the outer radius increasing more than the inner radius, but the TAs thickened 6-fold and widened 3-fold faster than the SFAs. Read More

Scand J Caring Sci 2020 Oct 26. Epub 2020 Oct 26.

Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.

Background: This literature study describes caring science research on human dignity in different clinical practice. We already know a good deal about human dignity in nursing care but how do patients, nurses, healthcare professionals and next of kin experience human dignity in clinical practice?

Aim: To summarise studies on human dignity to gain a deeper understanding of how it can be achieved in caring science research and to gain a broader understanding of the differences and similarities across caring contexts. The aim was also to gain a broader understanding of the differences and similarities of human dignity across different clinical practice. Read More

J Orthop Trauma 2020 12;34(12):662-668

Orthopaedic Trauma Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.

Objective: Disrupted blood supply has been proposed as an underlying cause for delayed union in tibial shaft fractures (OTA/AO 42). Although tibial blood supply has been qualitatively evaluated, quantitative studies are lacking. The purpose of this project was to quantify the relative contribution of the endosteal supply to the tibial diaphysis. Read More

Ann Anat 2021 Jan 13;233:151610. Epub 2020 Oct 13.

School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:

The journey of life, from primordial protoplasm to a complex vertebrate form, is a tale of survival against incessant alterations in climate, surface topography, food chain, and chemistry of the external environment. Kidneys present with an ensemble embodiment of the adaptations devised by diverse life-forms to cope with such challenges and maintain a chemical equilibrium of water and solutes, both in and outside the body. This minireview revisits renal evolution utilizing the classic: From Fish to Philosopher; the story of our internal environment, by Prof. Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2020 ;136(5):14-22

A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia.

Preservation of visual functions in patients with chiasmo-sellar region compression (CSRC) is possible with early diagnosis and surgical decompression.

Purpose: To analyze the parameters of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCTA) in patients with CSRC.

Material And Methods: The study included 10 patients (20 eyes) with CSRC, 15 healthy volunteers (30 eyes). Read More

Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020 11 11;26(11):565-576. Epub 2020 Nov 11.

Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of back pain. Current surgical interventions have limitations. An alternative approach is to replace degenerated IVDs with a natural biological scaffold. Read More

J Environ Manage 2021 Jan 6;277:111441. Epub 2020 Oct 6.

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau & Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China. Electronic address:

Mowing is a widely used practice for haymaking in the semi-arid grassland of northern China. Yet, how it impacts above- and belowground biota and ultimately affects the grassland ecosystem is unclear. Here we address this question by investigating the effects of three mowing regimes (no mowing, mowing once per year, mowing twice every three years) on vegetation characteristics, soil properties, and microbial communities in semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia. Read More

Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020 12 30;319(6):L1048-L1060. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an inherited disorder of the motile cilia. Early accurate diagnosis is important to help prevent lung damage in childhood and to preserve lung function. Confirmation of a diagnosis traditionally relied on assessment of ciliary ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); however, >50 known PCD genes have made the identification of biallelic mutations a viable alternative to confirm diagnosis. Read More

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2020 Sep;40(9):1346-1352

Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, China.

Objective: To study the effect of rapamycin on scar formation in rabbit eyes following filtering operation and explore the possible mechanism.

Methods: Ninety-six healthy adult rabbits were subjected to trabeculectomy of the left eye and subsequently randomly divided into 4 groups (=24) for treatment with castor oil (control) or rapamycin (1%, 3%, or 5%) eye drops of the operated eyes 4 times a day. The morphology and function of the filtering blebs of the rabbits were compared at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the operation; at each of the time points, 6 rabbits from each group were euthanized for detection of expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the tissues in the surgical area using immunohistochemistry. Read More

Soft Matter 2020 Oct;16(40):9273-9291

LIBio - Université de Lorraine, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.

Some food and ferment manufacturing steps such as spray-drying result in the application of viscous stresses to bacteria. This study explores how a viscous flow impacts both bacterial adhesion functionality and bacterial cell organization using a combined experimental and modeling approach. As a model organism we study Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) "wild type" (WT), known to feature strong adhesive affinities towards beta-lactoglobulin thanks to pili produced by the bacteria on cell surfaces, along with three cell-surface mutant strains. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020 Oct 22;197:106169. Epub 2020 Aug 22.

Gamma Knife Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China.

Objectives: The treatment safety and efficiency as well as the life quality of patients are still main concerns in gamma knife radiosurgery. In this study, the feasibility of applying diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in gamma knife radiosurgery for the treatment of brain tumor in motor function areas was investigated, which aims to provide protection on the pyramidal tract and preserve the motor function in patients.

Patients And Methods: Total 74 patients with solid brain tumor were enrolled and divided into DTI group and control group. Read More