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J Vet Sci 2022 May;23(3):e46

Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.

Background: Stenting is an effective treatment option for tracheal collapse in dogs. Cross-braided tracheal stents are currently the norm in veterinary medicine, but cross-and-hook braided stents have recently been adopted in human medicine. We examined whether stents manufactured using this novel braiding technique provided additional advantages for the treatment of tracheal collapse in dogs. Read More

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica - Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia - Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of a retrograde extraperitoneal trans-inguinal novel approach to pelvic lymphadenectomy in vulvar cancer patients. The secondary objectives were to assess complications (early and late) and oncological outcomes.

Methods: In this pilot study, all patients referred to our institution from November 2019 to May 2021 were evaluated. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA

Background: Accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) has been described to often correlate with poor prognosis in many solid tumors. How Treg presence impinges on limited functionality and clonal composition of tumor-associated CD8 +T cells has important implications for their therapeutic targeting in the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, we investigated how accumulation of Tregs contributes to T cell dysfunction and clonal constriction of tumor-infiltrating CD8 +T cells. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Department of Medecine, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) having immunosuppressive properties are one of the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Preclinical studies have highlighted the potential role of TAMs in resistance to immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). Here, we investigated the predictive value of TAM infiltration in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICBs and characterized their transcriptomic profiles. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

Background: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is an aggressive rare malignancy with limited treatment options. Data regarding clinical activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in CUP is lacking. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of pembrolizumab, a programmed cell death-1 inhibitor, in patients with CUP. Read More

Eur Respir J 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Respiratory Research Unit, Dept. Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen NV, Denmark.

Background: Allergic asthma is associated with increased risk of respiratory tract infections and exacerbations. It remains unclear whether this susceptibility is conditioned by seasonal or by perennial allergy.

Aim: To investigate perennial allergy compared with seasonal allergy as a risk factor for lower respiratory tract infections and exacerbations in asthma and whether this risk can be reduced by allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Read More

J Infect 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Medicine, Solna, Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of pneumococcal urinary antigen test (UAT) usage on broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Methods: Patients admitted to 32 Swedish hospitals between 2011-2014 were retrospectively included from the Swedish National Quality Register of CAP. Using propensity score matched data, stratified by CRB-65 score, we studied the effect of performing UAT and of positive test results on treatment with broad-spectrum β-lactam monotherapy (BSBM) and antibiotics with coverage for atypical bacteria compared to narrow-spectrum β-lactam monotherapy (NSBM). Read More

Neurosci Lett 2022 May 23:136695. Epub 2022 May 23.

Schizophrenia Program, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Orexin-A and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are implicated in regulating metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cognitive impairment of schizophrenia. However, the associations among them remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between Orexin-A levels, BDNF, MetS, clinical symptom profile, and cognitive function in schizophrenia patients following long-term clozapine treatment. Read More

Lancet Respir Med 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Baricitinib and dexamethasone have randomised trials supporting their use for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. We assessed the combination of baricitinib plus remdesivir versus dexamethasone plus remdesivir in preventing progression to mechanical ventilation or death in hospitalised patients with COVID-19.

Methods: In this randomised, double-blind, double placebo-controlled trial, patients were enrolled at 67 trial sites in the USA (60 sites), South Korea (two sites), Mexico (two sites), Singapore (two sites), and Japan (one site). Read More

J Infect Public Health 2022 May 16;15(6):670-676. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: The aim of this study was to describe and compare clinical characteristics and outcomes in critically ill septic patients with and without COVID-19.

Methods: From February 2020 to March 2021, patients from surgical and medical ICUs at the University Hospital Dresden were screened for sepsis. Patient characteristics and outcomes were assessed descriptively. Read More

Transl Oncol 2022 May 23;22:101454. Epub 2022 May 23.

Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To explore the mechanism by which the family with sequence similarity 83, member D (FAM83D)-mediated AKT/mTOR signaling pathway activation affects the proliferation and metastasis of glioma cells.

Methods: FAM83D protein expression in glioma cells and tissues was detected by western blotting. Glioma U87 and U251 cells were selected and divided into the Mock, siNC, siFAM83D, FAM83D, MK2206 and FAM83D + MK2206 groups. Read More

Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2022 May 18;77:118-127. Epub 2022 May 18.

The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China; School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China.

Purpose: This meta-analysis was to critically evaluate the effects of aromatherapy on the symptoms of anxiety and depression in cancer patients.

Methods: Eight Chinese and English databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched from the inception of databases to October 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). According to Cochrane Collaboration criteria, two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias and extract data from included studies. Read More

Leuk Res 2022 May 11;118:106859. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China. Electronic address:

More than 90% of NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukaemia (NPM1 AML) patients have been determined to harbour other known concurrent mutations. However, there is limited data on the frequency of PTPN11 and its clinical impact in NPM1 AML. Next-generation sequencing(NGS) was performed retrospectively on 112 genes in 254 patients with NPM1 AML. Read More

Blood Adv 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States.

Multiple clinical trials have assessed de-escalation strategies from combined modality therapy (CMT) to chemotherapy-alone for treatment of early-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) confirming similar outcomes, but the application of these data to the real-world is limited. We conducted a retrospective, multi-center cohort study comparing CMT to chemotherapy-alone in patients with early-stage cHL (stage IA-IIB) treated between January 2010 to December 2020. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans after chemotherapy cycle 2 (PET2) were independently reviewed by a nuclear radiologist (Deauville score ≥4: positive, ≤3: negative). Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Kindai University Hospital, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.

Purpose: To explore the efficacy of retreatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who responded to prior ICI and had adequate ICI-free interval.

Patients And Methods: Advanced NSCLC patients who had achieved complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease for {greater than or equal to}6 months with prior ICI therapy preceding progression were prospectively enrolled. All patients should have had ICI-free interval {greater than or equal to} 60 days before registration. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.

Purpose: Perineural invasion (PNI), a common occurrence in oral squamous cell carcinomas, is associated with poor survival. Consequently, these tumors are treated aggressively. However, diagnostic criteria of PNI vary and its role as an independent predictor of prognosis has not been established. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2022 May 26:e15594. Epub 2022 May 26.

Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.

Disseminated facial verruca plana is a chronic disorder that causes significant psychological distress. However, safe and effective treatment is lacking. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of 35% glycolic acid for the treatment of disseminated facial verruca plana. Read More

Hematology 2022 Dec;27(1):596-602

Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.

Objective: Long non-coding RNA ANGPTL1-3 (lnc-ANGPTL1-3) is previously observed to induce bortezomib resistance via targeting microRNA-30a (miR-30a) in multiple myeloma (MM). Hence, this study aimed to further explore the relationship between lnc-ANGPTL1-3 and miR-30a and their linkage with disease properties and prognosis in bortezomib-treated MM patients.

Methods: Fifty-nine MM patients underwent treatment with the bortezomib-based regimen, and 30 healthy donors were consecutively enrolled. Read More

PLoS One 2022 26;17(5):e0268734. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Background: In a previous study, we had investigated the intensive care course of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the first wave in Germany by calculating models for prognosticating in-hospital death with univariable and multivariable regression analysis. This study analyzed if these models were also applicable to patients with COVID-19 in the second wave.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 98 critical care patients with COVID-19, who had been treated at the University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany, between October 2020 and February 2021. Read More

Hematology 2022 Dec;27(1):583-589

Hematology Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with rearrangements has a very different prognosis. Poor outcomes cannot be avoided even after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In order to investigate the prognosis and efficacy, we conducted a retrospective analysis. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Univ Rennes, EHESP, CNRS, Inserm, Arènes - UMR 6051, RSMS (Recherche sur les Services et Management en Santé) - U 1309, Rennes, France.

Background: Therapeutic management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) has evolved towards early treatment. The objective was to assess the impact of early treatment initiation on disability progression among RRMS first-line treated patients.

Methods: This study included all incident RRMS cases starting interferon or glatiramer acetate for the first time from 1996/01/01 to 2012/31/12 (N=5,279) from ten MS expert OFSEP centers (Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques). Read More

Acta Biochim Pol 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Fundamentals of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.

Glaucoma is a common eye disease and a major cause of blindness. We designed brinzolamide (Brla)- and latanoprost (Ltp)-loaded nano-lipoidal carriers (NLCs) for glaucoma treatment. Brla and Ltp-loaded NLCs were designed and characterized by assessing the zeta potential, polydispersity index, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy images, and particle size. Read More

Hematology 2022 Dec;27(1):575-582

Department of Hematology, Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, People's Republic of China.

Multiple myeloma is still an incurable disease In the past decade, with the continuous progress of treatment methods, the progression-free survival of patients has been prolonged, but some patients still progress in the early stage of the disease. Our research analyses the clinical laboratory indicators of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients, to obtain the relevant factors of disease progression within one year in MM patients and to establish a prediction model.

108 MM patients treated in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.

Introduction: Isolated volar dislocations of the distal radioulnar joint are reported as rare. We observed three such cases over a 12-month period. Literature to date consists of multiple case reports and case series with no structured reviews. Read More

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Infectious diseases, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

Background: There are limited data comparing the efficacy and safety of raltegravir and dolutegravir to that of efavirenz in HIV-1/tuberculosis (TB) co-infected patients.

Methods: We conducted a 10-year retrospective study in four centers in France. We included all HIV-1/tuberculosis co-infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a rifampicin-based regimen, with a plasma HIV RNA level (VL)>1000 copies/mL. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.

Importance: The majority of the patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience taste dysfunction (TD) during or after radiotherapy (RT). However, prospectively collected data for taste dysfunction have been limited, especially in the era of intensity-modulated RT (IMRT).

Objective: To evaluate the taste function in patients with HNC receiving IMRT by investigating the association between time course and recovery of TD in both acute and late phases. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Importance: Women with large breast size treated with adjuvant breast radiotherapy (RT) have a high rate of acute toxic effects of the skin. Breast RT in the prone position is one strategy that may decrease these toxic effects.

Objective: To determine if breast RT in the prone position reduces acute toxic effects of the skin when compared with treatment in the supine position. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2022 May 2;5(5):e2213945. Epub 2022 May 2.

Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.

Importance: New-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) is commonly reported in patients with severe infections. However, the absolute risk of thromboembolic events without anticoagulation remains unknown.

Objective: To investigate the thromboembolic risks associated with AF in patients with pneumonia, assess the risk of recurrent AF, and examine the association of initiation of anticoagulation therapy with new-onset AF. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2022 May 2;5(5):e2214153. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.

Importance: Nonguideline antibiotic prescribing for the treatment of pediatric infections is common, but the consequences of inappropriate antibiotics are not well described.

Objective: To evaluate the comparative safety and health care expenditures of inappropriate vs appropriate oral antibiotic prescriptions for common outpatient pediatric infections.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included children aged 6 months to 17 years diagnosed with a bacterial infection (suppurative otitis media [OM], pharyngitis, sinusitis) or viral infection (influenza, viral upper respiratory infection [URI], bronchiolitis, bronchitis, nonsuppurative OM) as an outpatient from April 1, 2016, to September 30, 2018, in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

Introduction: The tuberculosis (TB) positive conversion rate among psoriasis patients who received biologics has been reported worldwide, particularly in regions with low TB risk. Nonetheless, the TB-related safety of biologics such as adalimumab and secukinumab remains elusive in areas with high TB risk. According to the World Tuberculosis Report 2021, China is the country with the second highest TB burden, but data on TB conversion are also limited. Read More