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World Neurosurg 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, Dallas, TX, USA.

Objective: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is commonly indicated in brain tumor surgery due to risk of blood loss. Current transfusion guidelines are based on evidence derived from critically ill patients and may not be optimal for brain tumor surgeries. Our study is the first to synthesize available evidence to suggest RBC transfusion thresholds in brain tumor patients undergoing surgery. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Cuff tear arthropathy (CTA) can be successfully treated with various types of shoulder arthroplasty. While reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is commonly used to treat CTA, CTA hemiarthroplasty (CTA-H, hemiarthroplasty with an extended humeral articular surface) can also be effective in patients with preserved glenohumeral elevation and an intact coracoacromial arch. As the value of arthroplasty is being increasingly scrutinized, cost containment has become a priority. Read More

J Ren Nutr 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University; Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University. Electronic address:

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022 Jun 22:166472. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. Electronic address:

During the epidemic, the individuals with underlying diseases usually have a higher rate of mortality. Diabetes is highly prevalent worldwide, making it a frequent comorbidity in dengue fever patients. Therefore, understanding the relationship between dengue virus (DENV) infection and diabetes is important. Read More

Pharmacol Res 2022 Jun 22:106326. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India. Electronic address:

Diabetes is a major public health disease that is globally approaching epidemic proportions. One of the major causes of type 2 diabetes is either a defect in insulin secretion or insulin action which is usually caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Not only these factors but others such as deregulation of various pathways, and oxidative stress are also known to trigger the redox imbalance in diabetics. Read More

Endocr Pract 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Departments of Endocrinology & Nutrition. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS). Madrid. Spain.

In this commentary we propose a change of the nomenclature of non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) to adrenal lesions of undetermined secretion of adrenal steroids (ALUSAS) since there are mounting evidence suggesting that a substantial proportion of so-called NFAIs do actually secrete steroids in excess. In fact, it is known that some NFAIs develop ACS over time. In the commentary we justify the change of term by summarizing the evidence that shows that NFAIs present a higher cardiometabolic risk than the general population, and the metabolomics studies in which an increase in cortisol metabolites is observed in patients with NFAI. Read More

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022 Jul;10(7):540-548

Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

In the past 30 years, there has been a substantial rise in the detection of thyroid nodules. Largely asymptomatic, thyroid nodules are most often incidental findings that typically pose minimal risk. Data supporting these findings show a rapid rise in the incidental detection of thyroid nodules and cancer, but minimal effect on mortality rates, despite treatment. Read More

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022 Jul;10(7):533-539

Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Thyroid nodules are common, usually asymptomatic, and often pose minimal risk to the affected patient. However, 10-15% prove malignant and serve as the rationale for diagnostic assessment. Safely identifying and treating a relevant thyroid cancer through a cost-effective process is the primary goal of the treating practitioner. Read More

Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

Background:  Diabetic patients tend to have increased platelet reactivity after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim of this study was to determine the association between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values and platelet reactivity and to evaluate the consequent impact on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing CABG.

Methods:  This prospective observational trial consecutively enrolled 225 diabetic patients undergoing CABG, between February 2014 and October 2018. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 Jun 13;96:107299. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States of America.

Introduction: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic mycosis common in poorly-controlled insulin dependent diabetic patients particularly with ketoacidosis. Fungal osteomyelitis is a life-threatening condition affectation of the nose and paranasal sinuses within the orofacial region.

Presentation Of Case: We present a 63-year-old diabetic male patient with maxillary mucormycotic osteomyelitis threatening his better seeing eye and review the clinical symptoms, relevant imaging, and management. Read More

Altern Ther Health Med 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Background: Lower limb ischemia due to arterial stenosis is a major complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Liraglutide is a long-acting analogue of a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for lowering blood glucose in patients with DM, and is believed to possess cardiovascular protective effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether liraglutide has a protective effect on blood vessels and alleviates vascular intimal hyperplasia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rabbits with DM and its molecular mechanism. Read More

Altern Ther Health Med 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Context: Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents an emerging epidemic, poses serious threats to human health, and can seriously compromise patients' quality of life (QoL). Currently, no cure exists for DM. Some studies have found that both liraglutide and dapagliflozin have great therapeutic potential in preventing and treating DM and its complications. Read More

Curr Cardiol Rep 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Purpose Of Review: The current care model of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications appears to be "asynchronous" with patient care divided by specialty. This model is associated with low use of guideline-directed medical therapies.

Recent Findings: The use of integrated care models has been well described in the management of patients with T2D; this usually includes an endocrinologist coupled with a nutritionist and nurse. Read More

Endocrine 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Purpose: To compare the evolution of the cardiometabolic parameters in patients with nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) and autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) who underwent adrenalectomy and those who were conservatively managed.

Methods: A retrospective study of all patients with NFAI and ACS submitted to surgery or in follow-up in our center between January 2011-October 2020. NFAI was defined as an adrenal incidentaloma with cortisol post-dexamethasone suppression test (DST) ≤ 50 nmol/L and ACS as values >50 nmol/L without specific clinical signs of overt Cushing´s syndrome. Read More

Endocrine 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Background: Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is increasingly deployed in the diagnostic algorithm of patients affected with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). We aimed to assess the role of SSTR-PET/CT for therapeutic decision making upon restaging.

Methods: 23 pretreated MTC patients underwent SSTR-PET/CT and were discussed in our interdisciplinary tumor board. Read More

Endocrine 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Purpose: Decreasing levels of serum insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) have been associated with an increased risk for Alzheimer´s disease (AD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research on serum IDE levels in patients with T2DM is sparse and the aim of this study was to explore serum levels of IDE in patients with T2DM.

Method: Blood serum samples were obtained from a biobank. Read More

Endocrine 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Kidney and Hypertension Unit, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.

Purpose: Adipokines have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to determine if adipokine levels are associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) as well as all-cause mortality in incident dialysis patients.

Methods: In patients new to dialysis, we prospectively investigated the association of adiponectin, leptin and resistin with coronary artery calcification measured by ECG-gated computer tomography. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.

Introduction: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign tumor in infancy, but information about its pathogenesis is limited. The aim of this study was to determine maternal and perinatal risk factors for IH.

Methods: A total of 1033 IH patients were enrolled in the study between 2017 and 2020. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Saadi Ave, Tehran, 11457-65111, Iran.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and impact of various predictive factors including diabetes control in malignant external otitis (MEO) treatment response.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study on MEO patients, we defined treatment response with three indices; ESR level decrease, hospitalization period, and systemic antifungal drug usage. The impact of diabetes control and other predictive factors on these indices have been evaluated. Read More

J Pathol 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy.

Cardiac stromal cells (CSCs) are the main players in fibrosis. Dysmetabolic conditions (metabolic syndrome - MetS, and type 2 diabetes - DM2) are strong pathogenetic contributors to cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, modulation of the oxidative state (OxSt) and autophagy is a fundamental function affecting the fibrotic commitment of CSCs, that are adversely modulated in MetS/DM2. Read More

Fam Pract 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Maastricht University, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Department of Health Services Research, PO Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Background: eHealth provides a viable option to facilitate type-2 diabetes mellitus self-management and adherence. To this end, a web-based computer-tailored eHealth programme, My Diabetes Profile (MDP), was developed and implemented in Dutch diabetes care. To fully utilize the potential of eHealth, the reach of effective programmes like MDP should be maximized. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2022 Jun 25;23:e935584. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Hospital, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA.

BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening infection of the deep soft tissues that leads to progressive destruction of the fascia and subcutaneous fat. It typically spreads along the muscle fascia planes because of the relatively poor blood supply. Muscle tissue is usually spared because of its better blood supply. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2022 Jun;72(6):1255-1259

Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major health issue in Saudi Arabia, with a prevalence of 23.7% in 2015. Several factors contribute to the occurrence of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and its progression to Alzheimer's disease in patients with T2DM. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2022 Jun;72(6):1232-1234

Department of Endocrinology, St. Johns Medical College, Bangalore, India.

Faith healing has been prevalent in the South Asian society since time immemorial. This is often coupled with alternative and complementary systems of medicine and attract a large proportion of people belonging to different sects, religions, and organizations. Though based on blinded trust, it does address the psychosomatic component of chronic disorders and hence does make the patient feel better. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2022 Jun;72(6):1097-1100

Department of Family Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objective: To evaluate the inflammatory cells in the complete blood count test and their relationship with the glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: The retrospective clinical study was conducted at the Department of Family Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey, from January 2015 to June 2016, and comprised adult type 2 diabetes patients' data, like complete blood count and biochemical parameters. The data was stratified according to glycated haemoglobin levels; <7% in group 1, and >7% in group 2. Read More

Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022 Jun 24;21(1):115. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Cardiology, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610014, Sichuan, China.

Background: The residual SYNTAX score (rSS), a quantitative measure of angiographic completeness of revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index), a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance, have been regarded as independent predictors of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) after PCI. Whether a combination of the rSS and the TyG index improves the predictive ability for MACEs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing PCI remains unknown.

Methods: A total of 633 consecutive patients with T2DM who underwent PCI were included in the present analyses. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 24;22(1):279. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Background: Structural ophthalmologic findings have been reported in patients with β-thalassemia due to chronic anemia, iron overload, and iron chelation therapy toxicity in few previous studies. We aimed to investigate structural ocular findings and their relationship with hematological parameters in patients with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from January 2018 to January 2019, 39 patients with TDT over the age of 18 participated. Read More

BMC Genomics 2022 Jun 24;23(1):465. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Public Health Institute, University of Veracruz, Av. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Col. Industrial Ánimas. Xalapa, A.P. 57, Veracruz, 91190, México.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with treatment failure, and the development of drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB). Also, whole-genome sequencing has provided a better understanding and allowed the growth of knowledge about polymorphisms in genes associated with drug resistance. Considering the above, this study analyzes genome sequences to evaluate the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the development of mutations related to tuberculosis drug resistance. Read More

Mol Cell Biochem 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, 110060, India.

This study is conducted to observe the association of diabetes (DM), hypertension (HTN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the prognosis and mortality of COVID-19 infection in hospital admitted patients with above mentioned comorbidities. This is a single centre, observational, retrospective study carried out at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, India. The burden of comorbidities on the prognosis and clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients admitted patients from April 8, 2020, to October 4, 2020. Read More

Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.

Since its discovery nearly a century ago, over 100,000 studies of growth hormone (GH) have investigated its structure, how it interacts with the GH receptor and its multiple actions. These include effects on growth, substrate metabolism, body composition, bone mineral density, the cardiovascular system and brain function, among many others. Recombinant human GH is approved for use to promote growth in children with GH deficiency (GHD), along with several additional clinical indications. Read More