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Int J Drug Policy 2021 Apr 19;94:103254. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Many children live with parents who drink and experience little impact, but risky or heavy drinking by caregivers can result in a range of harms to children. Alcohol-related financial harms which directly impact children's needs in general populations have been seldom studied.

Objective: The study aims to identify the prevalence and correlates of financial harms from others' drinking affecting children's needs in nine lower- and middle-income (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs). Read More

Infant Behav Dev 2021 Apr 19;63:101565. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

University of Miami, United States. Electronic address:

Infant attachment is a critical indicator of healthy infant social-emotional functioning, which is typically measured using the gold-standard Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). However, expert-based attachment classifications from the SSP are time-intensive (with respect both to expert training and rating), and do not provide an objective, continuous record of infant behavior. To continuously quantify predictors of key attachment behaviors and dimensions, multimodal movement and audio data were collected during the SSP. Read More

Psychiatry Res 2021 Apr 9;300:113930. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.

Transition to the adult age represents a rather challenging period of life for youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and for their families. Given the actual lack of integrated healthcare systems for autistic young-adults, enhancing parental skills could represent a feasible program to improve skills preparatory for transition in adult life. The online approach, providing easy access to services which otherwise would burden a daily family organization, already strenuous for a family with an autistic person, can represent an innovative way of delivering intervention. Read More

Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021 Apr 19:113793. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China. Electronic address:

Parental care is common in mammals and allows offspring to obtain milk, a substance rich in a range of nutritional and non-nutritional factors crucial to the survival of newborns. The discus fish Symphysodon spp., an Amazonian cichlid, shows an unusual behaviour: Free-swimming fry bite on their parents' skin mucus for growth and development during the first month after hatching. Read More

PLoS One 2021 22;16(4):e0249970. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences-Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Introduction: Currently available screening questionnaires for Autism spectrum disorders were tested in developed countries, but many require additional training and many are unsuitable for older individuals, thus reducing their utility in lower/ middle- income countries. We aimed to derive a simplified questionnaire that could be used to screen persons in India.

Methods: We have previously validated Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA), that is now mandated for disability assessment by the Government of India. Read More

Nurs Inq 2021 Apr 22:e12410. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

School of Social Sciences, The Israel Academic College of Ramat Gan, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Previous studies showed that it is usually the mother who agrees to donate her kidney to a child with an end-stage renal disease, while the fathers tend much less to donate. The present study sought to explore decision-making regarding which parent would donate a kidney to their child. Interviews were conducted with twenty-five mothers and six fathers who donated a kidney to their child. Read More

Child Care Health Dev 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Background: Many children with intellectual disability live with medical comorbidities. This study examined the impacts of comorbidities on quality of life (QOL) of children with intellectual disabilities and whether impacts varied with caregiver perceptions that medical needs had been met.

Methods: Primary caregivers of 447 children (aged 5-19 years) with an intellectual disability reported on their child's medical comorbidities and the extent to which they perceived their child's medical needs had been met in a cross-sectional observational study. Read More

Health Promot Pract 2021 Apr 22:15248399211004283. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

The benefits of breastfeeding for mother and baby are strongly supported by research. However, lactating parents who return to school or work soon after delivery face many barriers to continued breastfeeding. This article presents a student-led initiative to support lactation at a large public university that emerged from advocacy efforts of student mothers of color. Read More

Autism 2021 Apr 22:13623613211009345. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, The Netherlands.

Lay Abstract: To improve early detection of autism spectrum disorder in preventive care, a Dutch guideline was developed 5 years ago. The guideline provides preventive care physicians at well-baby clinics action-oriented advice and describes a step-by-step approach for children identified at an increased risk for autism spectrum disorder during general healthcare surveillance. The present qualitative study evaluated adherence to the guideline and studied barriers regarding early detection of autism spectrum disorder at well-baby clinics. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Apr 22;4:CD014955. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Background: Drowning is responsible for an estimated 320,000 deaths a year, and over 90% of drowning mortality occurs in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), with peak drowning rates among children aged 1 to 4 years. In this age group, mortality due to drowning is particularly common in rural settings and about 75% of drowning accidents happen in natural bodies of water close to the home. Providing adequate child supervision can protect children from drowning, and organized formal day care programs could offer a way to achieve this. Read More

Integr Psychol Behav Sci 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Psychology of Education and Personality Development, Irkutsk State University, Russian Federation, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, Russia, 664003.

The authors suggest introducing the concept "psychological media competence" into psychological terminology. It has become necessary because of the new demands on the professional abilities of an educational psychologist in the new conditions when human development and education are greatly mediated by the new digital media: the Internet and TV. The article stresses the importance of diagnosing the professional competence of a psychologist that enables him/her to understand the mechanisms of a personality's formation in a media environment; to define the psychological potential of media content: developing or destructive; to regulate media communication which involves children; and to prepare other participants in the educational process: teachers, children and their parents for the productive and safe functioning in a media environment. Read More

J Autism Dev Disord 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Amaze, Registered Charity, 24 Drummond St, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia.

There is limited research examining the inclusion of autistic people in their local communities. This paper reports on two Australian studies which explored this gap, focusing on both autistic people's experiences and non-autistic people's attitudes towards autistic individuals. Study One was conducted with primarily non-autistic people (n = 2,383), and Study Two with primarily parents and carers of autistic people (n = 1,297 people). Read More

Neurol Sci 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India.

Background: Spastic paraplegia 50 (SPG50) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by spasticity, severe intellectual disability and delayed or absent speech. Loss-of-function pathogenic mutations in the AP4M1 gene cause SPG50.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the clinical and genetic characteristics of a consanguineous family with two male siblings who had infantile hypotonia that progressed to spasticity, paraplegia in one and quadriplegia in the other patient. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2021 2;2021:5550267. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Near East University Faculty of Dentistry, Nicosia/ TRNC, 99138 Mersin 10, Turkey.

We aimed to investigate the oral health of children in terms of the presence of dental caries, periodontal health, halitosis, and dentofacial changes in patients who had adenotonsillar hypertrophy related to mouth breathing and compared these findings with nasal breathing healthy and adenotonsillectomy-operated children. The patient group comprised 40 mouth-breathing children who were diagnosed with adenotonsillar hypertrophy, while the control group consisted of 40 nasal breathing children who had no adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Forty children who had undergone an adenotonsillectomy operation at least 1 year prior to the study were included in the treatment group. Read More

Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig 2021 ;72(1):83-88

Medical University of Silesia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Health Protection, 18 Piekarska Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.

Background: Adequate nutrition is one of the most important factors for influencing growth and development of children. Providing adequate amounts of minerals is extremely important in the developmental age, especially in periods of intensive growth. Calcium and vitamin D deficiency may have a negative impact on the health of children, both in the short and long term. Read More

Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig 2021 ;72(1):77-82

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Background: Poor oral health among children is common finding in the rural regions of India. But if the existent structure of primary health care is used, favourable oral health habits and importance of oral health can be instilled in the children and their parents at a very early stage.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Anganwadi workers (AWWs) in improving the oral hygiene of the preschool children through oral health education. Read More

Front Zool 2021 Apr 21;18(1):18. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.

Background: Postzygote isolation is an important part of species isolation, especially for fish, and it can be divided into two aspects: genetic isolation and ecological isolation. With the increase in parental genetic distance, the intensity of genetic isolation between them also increases. Will the increase in parental ecological niche differences also lead to the increase in ecological isolation intensity between them? This question is difficult to answer based on the current literature due to the lack of hybridization cases of contrasting ecological niche parents. Read More

BMC Public Health 2021 Apr 21;21(1):764. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Criminology, Malmö University, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden.

Background: Several studies have examined the effect of community interventions on youth alcohol consumption, and the results have often been mixed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a community intervention known as the Öckerö Method on adolescent alcohol consumption and perceived parental attitudes towards adolescent drinking.

Method: The study is based on a quasi-experimental design, using matched controls. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 Apr 21:1-6. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objectives: Newborn hearing screening may fail due to some perinatal and neonatal factors. False positivity of newborn hearing screening increases costs, familial concerns and anxiety. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of pethidine administered in the mother for labor analgesia on the false positivity rates of the newborn hearing screening test. Read More

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

School of Public Health, Fudan University, Mailbox 250, 138# Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN.

Background: The COVID-19 epidemic and the related containment strategies may affect parental and pediatric health behaviors.

Objective: To assess the change in children and adolescents' prevention and vaccination behaviors amid China's COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in mid-March 2020 using proportional quota sampling in Wuhan (the epicenter) and Shanghai (a non-epicenter). Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021 Apr 18;51:102938. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

National Centre for Diseases Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) mainly involves women, impacting many aspects related to childbearing age and maternity. Women with MS can have healthy pregnancies and infants. Needs, challenges and concerns of women with MS should be considered in order to improve care pathway, ensuring a patient-centred approach. Read More

Inorg Chem 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.

The reported actinide-based endohedral clusterfullerenes (ECFs) are rather scarce thus far. Though several members have been detected in mass spectra, their exact structures and properties mostly remain unclear. Herein, density functional theory calculations revealed that the UO@C observed in recent experiments should be UO@(10611)-C, UO@(10610)-C, or UO@(10616)-C. Read More

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

The present study examined whether there are distinct groups of children with reactive versus proactive motives for their aggressive behavior. We extended previous research by using a person-based analytical approach on data from a questionnaire assessing children's motives independently from the severity of their aggression. Two competing hypotheses were tested. Read More

Eur J Public Health 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Background: Mental disorder in childhood is an important public health issue. We aimed to examine the prospective association between parental education at childbirth and diagnosed mental disorders in young children and explore whether this association was mediated or modified by parent-child relations in infancy.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of all newborn was from 2002 to 2010 from 16 municipalities in the capital region of Copenhagen, Denmark, with follow-up until their 8th birthday, N = 40 762. Read More

Transl Pediatr 2021 Mar;10(3):679-685

Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing Medical University Affiliated Children's Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.

Visceral myopathy is a rare genetic disorder that commonly affects the digestive and renal systems. Manifestations include a clinical spectrum covering chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) and megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS). The smooth muscle actin γ-2 gene () is one of the most common disease-causing genes. Read More

Z Erziehwiss 2021 Apr 16:1-26. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Lehrstuhl für Frühkindliche Bildung und Erziehung, Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Markusstraße 8a, 96045 Bamberg, Deutschland.

The closure of day-care centres as a measure to contain the corona virus presented early childhood educators with changed working conditions and opportunities to implement the continuing educational mandate. The cooperation between parents and educators, including through digital tools, plays an important role in this respect. The paper examines a) how often and of what type early childhood educators implemented digitally supported parental cooperation during the closure of day-care centres, b) which attitudes educators had towards general as well as digitally supported parental cooperation, and c) what role their qualifications, their attitudes and their perceived support through the centre played for their digital and non-digital parental cooperation during the closure of day-care centres. Read More

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2021 Feb;53(2):308-313

Peking University School of Public Health; Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.

Objective: To examine the association between family socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI) -score of children and adolescents, and the mediating effect of milk intake in this association.

Methods: In the study, 2 496 students and their parents were selected from 16 schools (4 urban middle schools, 4 rural middle schools, 4 urban primary schools, and 4 rural primary schools) using a stratified cluster sampling method. The frequency and amount of weekly milk intake from the 7-day Food Records reported by the students were extracted. Read More

Acad Pediatr 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital. 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Harvard Medical School. 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.

Objectives: Prior work across medical and surgical specialties shows that parenthood during residency training is associated with challenges including limited parental leave, lack of accommodations for breastfeeding, and concerns about career impact. Less is known about the experience of parenthood during pediatric residency training. The objective of this study was to identify themes related to the experience of parenthood during pediatric residency. Read More

Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

This study assessed the mediating roles of problematic gaming, problematic social media use, and problematic smartphone use in the associations between psychological distress and screen time use among primary school children during the school hiatus due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Students ( = 2,026; mean [standard deviation] age = 10.71 years [1. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2021 Apr 20:1-31. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK.

Objective: Worldwide data suggest a clash between parental complementary feeding practices and recommendations. Understanding the circumstances under which parents form their feeding practices is a crucial step to improve such practices. This paper aimed to systematically review the existing qualitative literature and synthesise the factors that parents take into consideration in relation to complementary feeding. Read More