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Rev Saude Publica 2021 14;55. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Departamento de Gerontologia. Campinas, SP, Brasil.

Objective: To report the main results of studies on prejudice, stereotyping, and age-based discrimination (ageism) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This is an integrative review of the literature on ageism in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, conducted between May and June 2020, with data collected from the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Web of Science (Thompson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier Science), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) and Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO).

Results: Twenty-one publications addressing ageism during the pandemics, its origins, consequences, and ethical and political implications were analyzed. Read More

Rev Bras Enferm 2021 16;74(2):e20190693. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Objective: to identify the instruments used to assess patient safety culture in emergency settings.

Method: an integrative literature review conducted from 2000 to 2018.

Results: 13 instruments were identified to assess patient safety culture in hospital and pre-hospital emergencies, comprising 12 to 50 questions, grouped from three to 12 dimensions, with dimensions related to teamwork, support, and management actions for patient safety and for continuous process improvement and continuing education. Read More

Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2021 Mar;79(3):248-250

Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, Departamento Científico de Cefaleia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

In this opinion paper, the authors discuss historical and etymological aspects of the term "migrânea" and refute the most common criticisms regarding its adoption by the Brazilian Headache Society in the official translation of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Read More

PLoS One 2021 22;16(4):e0250220. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Background: In almost all lower and lower middle-income countries, the healthcare system is structured in the customary model of in-person or face to face model of care. With the current global COVID-19 pandemics, the usual health care service has been significantly altered in many aspects. Given the fragile health system and high number of immunocompromised populations in lower and lower-middle income countries, the economic impacts of COVID-19 are anticipated to be worse. Read More

PLoS One 2021 22;16(4):e0250074. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Medical Research Council Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Adolescents and young people globally are highly vulnerable to poor mental health especially depression, and they account for 36% of new HIV infections in Eastern and Southern Africa. HIV services remain inadequate for this population and their adherence to ART is low. The Friendship Bench (FB), an evidence-based model developed in Zimbabwe to bridge the mental health gap, is a brief psychological intervention delivered on benches in primary care facilities by lay health workers ("grandmothers") trained in problem-solving therapy. Read More

PLoS One 2021 22;16(4):e0249660. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a widely accepted scientific advancement in clinical settings that helps achieve better, safer, and more cost-effective healthcare. However, presently, validated instruments to evaluate healthcare professionals' attitude and practices toward implementing EBM are not widely available. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a newly developed knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire on EBM for use among healthcare professionals. Read More

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

From the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Section of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, MedStar Health/Georgetown University, Washington, DC Division of Urology, Departments of Surgery Obstetrics & Gynecology, Lebanese American University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Subspecialty Care for Women's Health, Section of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Women's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.

Objective: The objective of this study was to review and analyze the current social media status of urogynecology/female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery on Twitter and create a tag ontology.

Methods: A "tag ontology" is a standardized list of hashtags used to organize specific subject matter within a social media platform. We used an online social media analytics tool, Symplur to identify tweets and hashtags related to #urogynecology between January 2018 and July 2020. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Discipline of Information Technology, Media and Communications, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Perth, AU.

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is one of the greatest threats to human beings in terms of healthcare, economy and the society in recent history. Up to this moment, there are no signs of remission and there is no proven effective cure. The vaccine is the primary biomedical preventive measure against the novel coronavirus. Read More

Med Educ Online 2021 Dec;26(1):1917037

Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg Medical Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Climate change (CC) is adversely affecting human health and will become far more dangerous in the future, if no substantial measures are taken. Young people in particular are taking an energetic stand for CC awareness. Some CC experts argue that medical doctors are especially well positioned to inform about the impact of CC on public health, as it is well established that they are among the most trusted members of society. Read More

Prehosp Emerg Care 2021 Apr 22:1-4. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

The National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) recognizes the continued growth and complexity of mass gathering events and the integral role of the medical director in their planning and management. There is a growing body of literature that provides additional insight into patient presentations as well as preparation, staffing, and planning for these events. The clinical practice of EMS medicine encompasses the provision of care in a variety of out-of-hospital environments, including those defined as mass gathering events. Read More

Expert Rev Med Devices 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Introduction: Advances in catheter design for minimally invasive surgery have brought about the incorporation of contact force (CF) sensors in catheters. Two main approaches to achieve CF sensing at the catheter end-effector consists of fiber optic or magnetic solutions. CF sensing feedback can be used to assist in ablation procedures, mapping cardiac regions, identifying tissue characteristics and enhancing robotic catheter control. Read More

Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 induces a cytokine storm and can cause inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in the lungs, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is the leading reason for the mortality and morbidity the associated to COVID-19, and the cytokine storm is a prominent etiological factor. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are an alternative therapy for management of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions because of their immunosuppressive properties. Read More

Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima MC, Veldhoven, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.

Introduction: : Mitotane is the only drug registered specifically for adrenocortical carcinoma. Finding the optimal dose for a patient is difficult due to large differences in bioavailability, toxicity and effect. We therefore look to improve personalized dosing of mitotane. Read More

J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2021 Jan-Mar;39(1):22-28

Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Rationale: The impact of COVID-19 has affected billions of people affecting nearly all domains of life, including patient's healthcare needs. Due to constrained dental services during lockdown, pediatric dental needs were severely compromised therefore, parental attitude and practices of maintaining child's oral hygiene impose significant impact on child's oral hygiene.

Aim: This study aims to assess the attitude and practices of parents toward their children's oral health care during COVID-19 pandemic. Read More

J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2021 Jan-Mar;39(1):16-21

Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, KAHER's KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

Background: Most of the nations have proposed research regulations to protect the rights and welfare of the research participants. Among such regulations are the informed consent and assent. In the present world, informed consent and assent is the cornerstone in health practice. Read More

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021 Apr 22:1-13. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Programa De Pós-graduação Em Ambiente E Desenvolvimento/Programa De Pós-graduação Em Sistemas Ambientais Sustentáveis, Universidade Do Vale Do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, RS, Brasil.

Introduction: The chronic metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus is a fast-growing global problem with huge social, health, and economic consequences, having one of the highest morbidities and mortality rates. Prolonged use of many available medications can produce undesirable side effects. Thus, plants appear as an important source of bioactive resources for the discovery of new treatments for diabetes. Read More

Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021 Apr 22:1-13. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Radiology, Area Vasta 1, ASUR Marche, Urbino, Italy.

Introduction: The introduction of Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT) has changed the paradigm in the field of diagnostic cardiovascular medicine. CCT is the primary tool in the assessment of suspected Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and should be followed by functional assessment when needed to stratify disease and to plan potential interventional or surgical therapy.

Areas Covered: We provided the current state of the knowledge on the main aspects of technique of examination, image interpretation and clinical indications. Read More

Autism 2021 Apr 22:13623613211009345. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, The Netherlands.

Lay Abstract: To improve early detection of autism spectrum disorder in preventive care, a Dutch guideline was developed 5 years ago. The guideline provides preventive care physicians at well-baby clinics action-oriented advice and describes a step-by-step approach for children identified at an increased risk for autism spectrum disorder during general healthcare surveillance. The present qualitative study evaluated adherence to the guideline and studied barriers regarding early detection of autism spectrum disorder at well-baby clinics. Read More

Epidemiol Prev 2021 Jan-Apr;45(1-2):28-36

IRCCS Istituto romagnolo per lo studio dei tumori "Dino Amadori" srl, Meldola (FC) (Italy).

Objectives: to examine the factors that, in the context of the current pandemic, have influenced the conduct of a randomized clinical trial on hydroxychloroquine in Italy.

Design: the trend of enrolment in the PROTECT study, "A randomized study with Hydroxychloroquine versus observational support for prevention or early phase treatment of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)" (Eudract number: 2020-001501-24, NCT04363827), conducted in the period from May to September 2020, was analysed to evaluate the possible association of the enrolment rate with the amount of information published in the national and local press on hydroxychloroquine.

Setting And Participants: the PROTECT clinical study is an Italian interventional superiority study, open label, with cluster randomization, aimed at evaluating whether treatment with hydroxychloroquine can reduce the percentage of symptomatic subjects compared to observation only in a population of subjects exposed to SARS-CoV-2 virus consisting of cohabitants/contacts of COVID-19 patients and asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic subjects diagnosed with COVID-19. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 Apr 21:e14242. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

College of Nursing, Taibah University, Universities Road, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Medina, PO Box: 344.

Background: The unavailability of data on the long-term efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines and of effective specific treatment, in addition to the emergence of new COVID-19 variants, make nonpharmaceutical measures a mainstay for preventing the spread of infection. The policy responses of governments to the pandemic should be integrated with public behavioral changes. This study examines public attitudes, practices and perceived quarantine competency in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Read More

Birth 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan, China.

Background And Aims: The relationship between prior breastfeeding experience and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is of significant interest, but few studies have explored the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The purpose of this study is to address two hypotheses: (a) that attitude and self-efficacy mediate the relationship between previous breastfeeding experience and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding; and (b) that attitude and self-efficacy have serial mediation functions in this relationship.

Methods: The data collection process was divided into two stages. Read More

J Public Health (Oxf) 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Theology and Religious Education Department, De La Salle University, 1004 Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines.

Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021 13;14:1509-1524. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Awi Zone Health Office, Amhara Regional State Health Bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

Background: Novel coronavirus 19 is a contagious disease that affects all most all countries of the world and puts the world in great challenge. Even though, there is a limited testing capacity in Africa the number of cases and deaths is progressively increased. This catastrophic case has a great impact in Africa unless preventive measures are effectively undertaken. Read More

Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021 13;14:1499-1507. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Clinical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.

Purpose: Depressive symptoms can negatively influence patient outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Preoperative depressive symptoms can be associated with a longer hospitalization. Perceived control moderates the effect of anxiety on length of stay (LOS) among CABG patients, but its effect on depressive symptoms and LOS is not well studied. Read More

Patient Prefer Adherence 2021 15;15:785-792. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.

Background: A community's attitude toward dengue prevention and its acceptance of dengue vaccine and vaccination play an essential role in the success of the dengue infection prevention program. To develop their attitude and acceptance, the implementation of learning media is required.

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of e-learning for developing the community's attitude toward dengue prevention and its acceptance of dengue vaccine and vaccination. Read More

Ethiop J Health Sci 2020 Nov;30(6):1017-1026

Department of Internal medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Discussing potentially bad outcomes is a standard communication task in clinical care. Physicians' awareness on ways to communicate bad news is considered low. SPIKES protocol is the most popular strategy used by physicians, but its practice and patients' perception are not known. Read More

Ethiop J Health Sci 2020 Nov;30(6):913-920

Department of Reproductive Health and Nutrition, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia.

Background: In low income countries, bearing many children is the main factor affecting maternal health. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of reversible long term contraceptives utilization and identify factors associated with it among married women of child bearing age in Areka District in South Ethiopia.

Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey involving systematically recruited 346 married women of reproductive age group. Read More

Nurs Res 2021 Mar 22. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN Belmont University, Nashville, TN.

Background: Despite numerous efforts to create more equitable health care systems, minority populations face long-standing health disparities compared to White populations. Health care research is the necessary foundation for creating equitable health systems and providing patient-centered care. Significant challenges exist, however, with recruiting and engaging underrepresented populations in clinical research. Read More

Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig 2021 ;72(1):95-101

Department of Dentistry, ESIC-PGIMSR Medical College & Hospital Joka, Kolkata, India.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with more than 53,973 people affected in West Bengal state of India.

Objectives: The aim of present study was to assess the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) of dental practitioners in Kolkata city, West Bengal, India regarding COVID-2019 pandemic.

Materials And Method: Online questionnaire was distributed among dentists across West Bengal city, using a combination of convenience and snowball sampling. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021 Apr 21;16(1):185. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Evelina, London Children's Hospital, London, UK.

Background: CLN2 disease (Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Type 2) is an ultra-rare, neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease, caused by an enzyme deficiency of tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1). Lack of disease awareness and the non-specificity of presenting symptoms often leads to delayed diagnosis. These guidelines provide robust evidence-based, expert-agreed recommendations on the risks/benefits of disease-modifying treatments and the medical interventions used to manage this condition. Read More