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Anal Chem 2022 04 15;94(16):6112-6119. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Biophysical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.

Boronic acids are widely used for labeling catechols and carbohydrates in analytical (bio)chemistry due to their high binding affinities for diols. Here, we present two asymmetrically substituted Bodipy dyes with a boronic acid at the β-position (BBB). We present a green-emitting BBB, gBBB, and, by expanding the conjugated system of the Bodipy core at α-position, a red-emitting rBBB. Read More

J Chromatogr A 2022 May 6;1671:463025. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-3071, United States. Electronic address:

In this research report, an in house developed octadecyl monolithic (ODM) column has been exploited in the reversed-phase capillary electrochromatography (RP-CEC) of precolumn derivatized mono- and oligosaccharides with three different tagging agents, namely 1-naphthylamine (1-NA), 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA) and 3-amino-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (ANDSA). These three derivatizing agents, which differed in their charges, nonpolar characters and optical absorption properties, led to different RP-CEC elution patterns and UV detection signals. In fact, the limit of detection of the derivatized sugars were 50 µM for the ANDSA- and 1-NA-sugar derivatives and 35 µM for the 2-AA-sugar derivatives due to the presence of three fused aromatic rings in 2-AA versus 2 fused rings in the 1-NA and ANDSA tags. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2022 Mar 25;14(7). Epub 2022 Mar 25.

Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Xylo-oligosaccharides are sugar oligomers with 2~7 xylose units considered non-digestible fibers that can be produced from biodegradable and low-cost biomass like wheat straw. An integrated approach consisting of hydrothermal pretreatment, alkaline treatment, enzymatic treatment and the combinations thereof was applied to overcome the recalcitrance structure of the wheat straw and allow selective fractioning into fermentable sugars and xylo-oligosaccharides. The hydrolysates and processed solids were chemically characterized by High-performance liquid chromatography and Ion chromatography, and the results were expressed as function of the severity factor and statistically interpreted. Read More

Int J Food Microbiol 2022 Jun 29;370:109517. Epub 2021 Dec 29.

School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. Electronic address:

Cronobacter is a common food-borne opportunistic pathogen, which is easily to form biofilm and difficult to remove. The regulation mechanism on the biofilm formation of Cronobacter has drawn more and more attention. In here, transcriptomic sequencing of free and biofilm states of Cronobacter was performed, and analyzed to identify the differential gene expression through Gene Ontology (GO) function, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Read More

Microbiol Spectr 2022 02 16;10(1):e0122121. Epub 2022 Feb 16.

Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciencesgrid.418782.0, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, India.

We describe the genomic characteristics of Vibrio cholerae strain PS-4 that is unable to ferment sucrose on a thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose (TCBS) agar medium. This bacterium was isolated from the skin mucus of a freshwater pufferfish. The genome of strain PS-4 was sequenced to understand the sucrose nonfermenting phenotype. Read More

J Bacteriol 2022 03 10;204(3):e0057821. Epub 2022 Jan 10.

Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

The agent largely responsible for initiating dental caries, Streptococcus mutans, produces acetoin dehydrogenase that is encoded by the operon. The operon consists of the and genes (E1 dehydrogenase), (E2 lipoylated transacetylase), (E3 dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase), and (lipoyl ligase). Evidence is presented that AdhC interacts with SpxA2, a redox-sensitive transcription factor functioning in cell wall and oxidative stress responses. Read More

ESC Heart Fail 2022 02 28;9(1):133-145. Epub 2021 Dec 28.

Heart Failure and Transplantation Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.

Aims: Heart failure (HF) is a proinflammatory disease often associated with the onset of iron deficiency (ID). ID alters mitochondrial function, reducing the generation of cellular energy in skeletal muscle and cardiomyocytes. This study aimed to analyse the response of patients with HF to intravenous iron administration according to the type of HF: preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) or reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Read More

Plants (Basel) 2021 Nov 24;10(12). Epub 2021 Nov 24.

Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania.

Optimization of the extraction procedure using a multienzymes cocktail for common buckwheat ( M.) is important due to the yield, fermentable sugars, oligosaccharides and bioactive compounds for creating higher added value products. This study was undertaken to find out the optimum multienzymes-water extraction on yield and total phenolic compounds for common Buckwheat using response surface methodology (RSM). Read More

J Plant Physiol 2021 Oct 11;265:153494. Epub 2021 Aug 11.

Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture & Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada. Electronic address:

Raffinose, stachyose and verbascose form the three major members of the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) accumulated during seed development. Raffinose synthase (RS; EC 2.4. Read More

Curr Genet 2022 Feb 28;68(1):143-152. Epub 2021 Aug 28.

Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.

Aspergillus aculeatus produces cellulolytic enzymes in the presence of their substrates. We screened a library of 12,000 A. aculeatus T-DNA-inserted mutants to identify a regulatory factor involved in the expression of their enzyme genes in response to inducers. Read More

Food Chem 2022 Jan 20;367:130635. Epub 2021 Jul 20.

KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Laboratory of Food Technology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, PB 2457, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:

In this study, tailored-made citrus pectin-derived compounds were produced through controlled enzymatic and/or chemical modifications of commercial citrus pectin with different degrees of methylesterification (DM) and similar average molecular weight (M). In the first treatment, degradation of the citrus pectin (CP) materials by endo-polygalacturonase (EPG) yielded pectins with average M's (between 2 and 60 kDa). Separation and identification of the oligosaccharide fraction present in these samples, revealed the presence of non-methylesterified galacturonic acid oligomers with degree of polymerization (DP) 1-5. Read More

Foods 2021 Jun 27;10(7). Epub 2021 Jun 27.

Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy.

A comprehensive study into the potential of bioprocessing techniques (sprouting and sourdough fermentation) for improving the technological and nutritional properties of wheat breads produced using barley and lentil grains was undertaken. Dextran biosynthesis in situ during fermentation of native or sprouted barley flour (B or SB) alone or by mixing SB flour with native or sprouted lentil flour (SB-L or SB-SL) by SLA5, SLA4, DSM 20193 or DSM 20194 was assessed. The acidification and the viscosity increase during 24 h of fermentation with and without 16% sucrose (on flour weight), to promote the dextran synthesis, were followed. Read More

Bioresour Technol 2021 Oct 24;337:125327. Epub 2021 May 24.

State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address:

The aim of this work was to develop a feasible ball mill-assisted alkaline peroxide pretreatment followed by stepwise hydrolysis to improve the yield of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and fermentable sugars. The hydrogen peroxide charge, ball-milling time, and solid-to-liquid ratio affected the compositions, particle sizes, morphology, and crystallinity of the corn stover, directly improving the following hydrolytic efficiency. The optimal pretreatment was with 0. Read More

PLoS Genet 2021 05 14;17(5):e1009540. Epub 2021 May 14.

Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, United States of America.

Sugar, light, and hormones are major signals regulating plant growth and development, however, the interactions among these signals are not fully understood at the molecular level. Recent studies showed that sugar promotes hypocotyl elongation by activating the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway after shifting Arabidopsis seedlings from light to extended darkness. Here, we show that sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light. Read More

Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022 03;28(3):373-384

Gastroenterology Practice Minden and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Kiel, Germany.

Background: Iron-deficiency anemia is common in inflammatory bowel disease, requiring oral or intravenous iron replacement therapy. Treatment with standard oral irons is limited by poor absorption and gastrointestinal toxicity. Ferric maltol is an oral iron designed for improved absorption and tolerability. Read More

Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2021 1;49(3):42-49. Epub 2021 May 1.

Division of Korean Medicine Development, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea;

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of tamarixetin on the production of inflammatory mediators in IgE/antigen-induced mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs).

Materials And Methods: The effects of tamarixetin on mast cell activation were investigated with regard to degranulation, eicosanoid generation, Ca2+ influx, and immunoblotting of various signaling molecules.

Results: Tamarixetin effectively decreased degranulation and the eicosanoid generation such as leukotriene C and prostaglandin D in BMMCs. Read More

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021 May 19;1172:122505. Epub 2020 Dec 19.

Institute for Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, 53115, Germany. Electronic address:

In recent decades, strategies to improve human health by modulating the gut microbiota have developed rapidly. One of the most prominent is the use of prebiotics, which can lead to a higher abundance of health-promoting microorganisms in the gut. Currently, oligosaccharides dominate the prebiotic sector due to their ability to promote the growth and activity of probiotic bacteria selectively. Read More

J Sep Sci 2021 Jun 3;44(12):2334-2342. Epub 2021 May 3.

School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China.

A simple and efficient method was developed for the preparation of high-purity trehalulose from the waste syrup of isomaltulose production. The waste syrup was pre-treated with C18 solid-phase extraction, where 98% decolorization and 97% reducing sugar recovery were obtained, followed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography separation on a cysteine-bonded zwitterionic column. Under optimized conditions, trehalulose was separated from isomaltulose isomer and prepared on a semi-preparative scale with >99% purity. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2021 07 12;1862(7):148413. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia, CNISM, c/o Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", DIFA, University of Bologna, Bologna, Via Irnerio, 46, Italy. Electronic address:

The kinetics of flash-induced re-reduction of the Photosystem II (PS II) primary electron donor P was studied in solution and in trehalose glassy matrices at different relative humidity. In solution, and in the re-dissolved glass, kinetics were dominated by two fast components with lifetimes in the range of 2-7 μs, which accounted for >85% of the decay. These components were ascribed to the direct electron transfer from the redox-active tyrosine Y to P. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2021 May 26;151:112091. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address:

Protein kinases associated with cancer genes play vital role in angiogenesis, invasion, motility, proliferation, and survival. Therefore, cancer prevention/treatment, targeting kinases with phytochemicals could be a promising approach. Given potential of phytochemicals in modulating cancer-associated kinases, present study aims to find inhibitory prospects of selected flavonoids for cancer-chemoprevention/treatment. Read More

BMC Plant Biol 2021 Feb 10;21(1):88. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.

Background: Fruit abortion is a major limiting factor for fruit production. In flat peach, fruit abortion is present in the whole tree of some accessions during early fruit development. However, the physiological factors and genetic mechanism underlying flat fruit abortion remain largely elusive. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Jan 28;22(3). Epub 2021 Jan 28.

Institut Agro, University of Angers INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France.

Plants adjust their growth and development through a sophisticated regulatory system integrating endogenous and exogenous cues. Many of them rely on intricate crosstalk between nutrients and hormones, an effective way of coupling nutritional and developmental information and ensuring plant survival. Sugars in their different forms such as sucrose, glucose, fructose and trehalose-6-P and the hormone family of cytokinins (CKs) are major regulators of the shoot and root functioning throughout the plant life cycle. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Jan 21;22(3). Epub 2021 Jan 21.

Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.

Bacterial pathogens expose on the cell surface a variety of complex carbohydrate molecules. Gram-negative bacteria produce lipopolysaccharides, which are the main components of the outer membrane of bacterial envelopes and play a major role in host-pathogen interactions. , , and , are mammalian respiratory pathogens, having substantial economic impact on human health and agriculture. Read More

J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021 Feb 7;195:113826. Epub 2020 Dec 7.

Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

We report results on the structure, physicochemical characteristics and purity of chondroitin sulfate (CS) samples derived from three largely available and common biological sources such as bovine and porcine trachea and chicken keel bones with the aim to define their structural signatures. Many lots of CS produced by a manufacturer at industrial scale were characterized with a view to assess the reproducibility of the process as not controlled extractive procedures may produce final products with variable structure and biological contaminants as well as not constant clinical efficacy and safety. By using standardized source animal tissues and manufacturing procedure, highly pure CS (∼92 %) products with constant structure and characteristics were obtained. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 12 10;10(1):21767. Epub 2020 Dec 10.

Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.

Date fruits vary widely in the hardness of their edible parts and they are classified accordingly into soft, semi-dry, and dry varieties. Fruit texture, a significant parameter in determining consumer acceptance, is related to the tissue structure and chemical composition of the fruit, mainly the ratio of sucrose to reducing sugars. This study aimed to understand the relationship between the chemical composition, microstructure, and texture profile of 10 major Emirati date fruits. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020 12 6;40:83-89. Epub 2020 Oct 6.

Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, St.Gallen, 9007, Switzerland.

Background And Objective: A low FODMAP diet (LFD) has become a standard treatment in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Compliant adherence to a LFD is challenging. We investigated the effect of a LFD compared to a less restrictive low lactose diet (LLD) in a randomized cross-over trial with IBS patients. Read More

Food Chem 2021 Apr 12;342:128221. Epub 2020 Oct 12.

The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China. Electronic address:

Goat milk oligosaccharides represent an unexplored multi-functional ingredient for the dairy industry. Here, we qualitatively and quantitatively compared the N/O-glycome at different lactation stages via online hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Complex N-glycans and high mannose N-glycans constituted 82. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2020 Oct 8;68(42):11765-11773. Epub 2020 Oct 8.

Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

Here, we first developed a combined strain improvement strategy of biosensor-guided atmospheric and room-temperature plasma mutagenesis and genome shuffling. Application of this strategy resulted in a 2.7-fold increase in the production of shikimic acid (SA) and a 2. Read More

BMC Genomics 2020 Sep 23;21(1):655. Epub 2020 Sep 23.

College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.

Background: The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an intracellular fuel sensor for lipid and glucose metabolism. In addition to the short-term regulation of metabolic enzymes by phosphorylation, AMPK may also exert long-term effects on the transcription of downstream genes through the regulation of transcription factors and coactivators. In this study, RNA interference (RNAi) was conducted to investigate the effects of knockdown of TcAMPKα on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, and the transcriptome profiles of dsTcAMPKα-injected and dsEGFP-injected beetles under normal conditions were compared by RNA-sequencing. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2020 Nov 15;163:1897-1907. Epub 2020 Sep 15.

Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India; Center for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India. Electronic address:

Xylan extracted from neem sawdust gave 22.5%, (w/w) yield. The extracted xylan was composed of xylose and glucuronic acid at a molar ratio of 8:1 and with a molecular mass, ~66 kDa. Read More