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BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 24;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 24.

Department of Hematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

A 50-year-old woman presented with a right-sided isolated third cranial nerve palsy. MRI brain showed a mass lesion arising from the right clivus with extension into the cavernous sinus. Blood investigations and bone marrow biopsy were suggestive of multiple myeloma with hypercalcaemia and renal dysfunction. Read More

Br J Haematol 2021 Mar 9. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Immuno-Hematology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital (APHP), University of Paris Diderot-Paris VII (Sorbonne Paris Cité), Paris, France.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Feb;100(6):e24358

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University.

Abstract: To investigate whether chemical shift imaging (CSI) is useful for differentiating myelomatous infiltration from hematopoietic bone marrow (BM) and for quantitatively assessing disease severity.In this retrospective study, spinal MRI, including a sagittal iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation T2 fast spin-echo sequence, was performed on 76 myeloma patients (45 men, 67.0 ± 11. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 Dec 23;13(1). Epub 2020 Dec 23.

Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5650871, Japan.

Multiple myeloma is an incurable cancer formed by malignant plasma cells. For the proliferation and survival of myeloma cells, as well as the occurrence of the complications, numerous intra- and extra-cellular mechanisms are involved. The interaction of myeloma cells with the microenvironment is known to be one of the most critical mechanisms. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Dec 10;13(12). Epub 2020 Dec 10.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Orlando VA Medical Center, Orlando, Florida, USA.

Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is an uncommon clinical entity and occurs in less than 1% of all patients with multiple myeloma. MPE indicates a progression of disease, therefore is associated with a poor prognosis and estimated median survival of <3 months. Treatment of MPE is challenging, and the data regarding the role of novel agents lack in the literature. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2021 Jan 1;49(1):168-170. Epub 2020 Oct 1.

Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan.

Rinsho Ketsueki 2020 ;61(8):879-884

Department of Hematology, Toyama University Hospital.

A 50-year-old woman diagnosed with surgically resected plasmacytoma of the ovaries and uterus presented with another plasmacytoma in the pancreas with positive uptake on positron emission tomography (PET) and massive right pleural effusion with plasma cell infiltration (myelomatous pleural effusion). After four courses of the bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone regimen as induction therapy, partial response was achieved with reduced myelomatous pleural effusion and negative uptake on PET in the pancreatic plasmacytoma. However, soon after she received bortezomib and high-dose cyclophosphamide for peripheral blood stem cell harvesting, right myelomatous pleural effusion increased without signs of heart failure or infection. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2020 May-Aug;13(2):883-891. Epub 2020 Jul 29.

Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

Pleural effusion is a rare presentation of plasma cell myeloma, occurring in around 6% of patients during the course of their disease, most commonly as a consequence of a concurrent disease process like heart failure secondary to amyloid deposition. Direct infiltration of the pleural fluid by malignant cells leading to myelomatous pleural effusion is a rare mechanism occurring in less than 1% of patients with plasma cell myeloma, and it is associated with a worse prognosis. There are few case reports of myelomatous pleural effusion as an initial presentation of multiple myeloma. Read More

Br J Radiol 2020 Nov 26;93(1115):20200312. Epub 2020 Aug 26.

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.

There have been major advances in myeloma imaging over the past few years with focal lesions on imaging now forming part of the disease defining criteria. Whole body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-MRI) is considered the most sensitive technique for the detection of focal active lesions. This pictorial review will focus on imaging the spectrum of myelomatous disorders on WB-MRI including diffusion and Dixon sequences. Read More

Ann Hematol 2020 Nov 27;99(11):2705-2706. Epub 2020 May 27.

Department of Haematology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, M-607, km. 9, 100, Madrid, 28034, Spain.

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2020 06 7;20(6):e341-e344. Epub 2020 Mar 7.

Department of Hematology/Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY.

J Radiol Case Rep 2019 Dec 31;13(12):1-12. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

Department of Radiology, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore.

Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy due to monoclonal plasma cell proliferation. It is usually confined to the bone marrow, although extramedullary involvement is known to occur in almost any organ system; myelomatous spread to the central nervous system is a rare manifestation of myeloma. Extramedullary disease is thought to be related to hematogenous spread when myeloma cells show decreased cell surface receptor expression, allowing cells to escape from the bone marrow. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2020 Jan-Mar;63(1):154-156

Department of Hematology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Blood 2020 01;135(2):153

Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol.

Respir Med Case Rep 2020 12;29:100984. Epub 2019 Dec 12.

Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy of plasma cell origin. Incidence of pleural effusion in multiple myeloma patients is approximately 6%. Myelomatous pleural effusions (MPE) are rare and occur in less than 1% of all MM cases. Read More

Oncotarget 2019 Nov 26;10(63):6781-6790. Epub 2019 Nov 26.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Hematology Division, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Multiple myeloma (MM) progresses mainly in the bone marrow where the involvement of a specific microenvironment plays a critical role in maintaining plasma cell growth, spread, and survival. In active disease, the switch from a pre-vascular/non-active phase to a vascular phase is coupled with the impairment of bone turnover. Previously, we have isolated (MPCs), a bone marrow population that showed mesengenic and angiogenic potential, both and . Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2020 02 26;26(4):935-944. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: In multiple myeloma, extramedullary progression is associated with treatment resistance and a high mortality rate. To understand the molecular mechanisms controlling the devastating progression of myeloma, we applied single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to myeloma in the bone marrow and myelomatous pleural effusions or ascites.

Experimental Design: Bone marrow or extramedullary myeloma samples were collected from 15 patients and subjected to single-cell RNA-seq. Read More

Cureus 2019 Jul 16;11(7):e5153. Epub 2019 Jul 16.

Medical Oncology / Hematology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, USA.

Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is a rare complication in patients suffering from multiple myeloma (MM). Dyspnea is the predominant symptom in the clinical presentation. Poor prognosis and aggressive MM behavior have been linked to this condition. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Sep 12;12(9). Epub 2019 Sep 12.

Department of Medicine, Unit-3, Christian Medical College and Hospital Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

A 65-year-old woman presented with a history of progressive dyspnoea, left pleuritic pain, loss of weight and appetite. Previous history was significant for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed 10 years before. Physical examination revealed a left supraclavicular soft tissue mass with absent breath sounds over the left hemithorax. Read More

Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2019 04;77(2):187-190

Laboratoire d'hématologie, CHU Mohammed VI, Oujda, Maroc, Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Maroc.

Primary plasma cell leukemia (PPCL) is an aggressive and rare variant of multiple myeloma (MM), with frequent extramedullary involvement, mainly liver and splenic lesions. Pleuropulmonary involvement has rarely been described in the literature. We report a case of primary plasma cell leukemia in a 46-year-old patient, whose first symptom was pleural effusion with mediastinal adenopathies simulating a pleural localization of a lymphomatous process. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019 Jun 22;46(6):1345-1350. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-chou, Kamogawa, Chiba, 296-8602, Japan.

Purpose: False-negative F-FDG PET/CT, which is associated with low hexokinase-2 (HK2) expression in multiple myeloma (MM), is a new concept that is relevant for diagnosis and treatment response assessment. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic relevance of low HK2 expression-associated false-negative PET/CT in patients with MM.

Methods: Ninety consecutive patients, with newly diagnosed MM, receiving novel agents during induction therapy were enrolled in this retrospective study. Read More

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2019 03 3;19(3):183-189.e1. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Clinical Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address:

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy of plasma cell origin. MM primarily affects bone marrow, but extramedullary sites can also be involved. Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is an atypical and rare complication of MM. Read More

Hematol Oncol 2019 Apr 15;37(2):129-135. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Myeloma Spine Service, Department of Spinal Surgery, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK.

Discuss the relevant literature on surgical and nonsurgical treatments for multiple myeloma (MM) and their complementary effects on overall treatment. Existing surgical algorithms designed for neoplasia of the spine may not suit the management of spinal myeloma. Less than a fifth of metastatic, including myelomatous lesions, occur in the cervical spine but have a poorer prognosis and surgery in this area carries a higher morbidity. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2019 05 26;34(5):783-796. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Sheffield Myeloma Research Team, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy, which develops in the bone marrow and frequently leads to severe bone destruction. Current antiresorptive therapies to treat the bone disease do little to repair damaged bone; therefore, new treatment strategies incorporating bone anabolic therapies are urgently required. We hypothesized that combination therapy using the standard of care antiresorptive zoledronic acid (Zol) with a bone anabolic (anti-TGFβ/1D11) would be more effective at treating myeloma-induced bone disease than Zol therapy alone. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Sep;97(39):e12355

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School.

Rationale: Type I cryoglobulinemia is a rare and life-threatening condition. It occurs mainly in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. In almost half of the patients, type I cryoglobulinemia is characterized by severe cutaneous involvement. Read More

Am J Hematol 2018 12 2;93(12):1518-1523. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) can identify bony lesions, assess disease burden, and detect extramedullary disease (EMD) in patients with multiple myeloma. We retrospectively reviewed records of patients who underwent PET-CT within 60 days of a new diagnosis (before therapy commenced) to identify the nature and prognostic impact of PET-CT abnormalities. Patients (N = 313) were seen from April 2005 through June 2017. Read More

Cytojournal 2018 14;15:15. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Address: Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Background: Hematolymphoid neoplasms (HLNs) presenting as body cavity effusions are not a common finding. They may be the first manifestation of the disease. A diagnosis on effusion cytology may provide an early breakthrough for effective clinical management. Read More

Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2018 Jun;76(3):259-269

Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France, Service de néphrologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, Service de biochimie, Hôpital Européen Gorges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.

The analysis of urinary protein composition is an important step in the evaluation and monitoring of kidney diseases. Among the various approaches, the determination of urinary-specific proteins makes it possible to non-invasively detect a preferentially tubular or glomerular injury, to orientate towards a pathological process, to guide the indication of a kidney biopsy, and to follow the evolution of the disease and the effectiveness of a therapy. No study systematically evaluated the performance of urinary-specific proteins for the diagnosis of a renal disease. Read More

Jpn J Radiol 2018 Jun 18;36(6):382-393. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Department of Clinical Pathology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of WB-MRI and F-FDG PET/CT in detecting infiltration pattern, disease activity, and response to treatment in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six patients with confirmed MM were included in the present study for pre-treatment evaluation. Among these individuals, 22 patients were available for the post-treatment evaluation of response to therapy. Read More

Case Rep Hematol 2018 13;2018:6730567. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.

Here, we describe the case of a 66-year-old male diagnosed with multiple myeloma who presented with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a right solid extra-axial parieto-occipital lesion with typical characteristics of meningeal myelomatosis. Biopsy was performed, which diagnosed a dural plasmacytoma. Read More