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Food Waterborne Parasitol 2022 Sep 3;28:e00173. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ambo University, P.O Box: 19, Ambo, Ethiopia.

Fasciolosis is a serious animal health problem in Ethiopia where livestock is crucial for the domestic economy. A study was conducted in two Ethiopian abattoirs to estimate the prevalence of infection in goats and sheep, and the monetary losses resulting from liver condemnation. Post-mortem examination of 925 animals (424 sheep and 501 goats) were examined by incision of the liver parenchyma for presence of the liver fluke, . Read More

Plants (Basel) 2022 Jul 31;11(15). Epub 2022 Jul 31.

Department of Biology, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK.

() causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in wheat and barley. This pathogen produces mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON), the T-2 and fumorisin B1. Translocation of the mycotoxins in grains causes important losses in yields and contributes to serious health problems in humans and livestock. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Aug 5;12(15). Epub 2022 Aug 5.

School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK.

The cattle breeding industry, through both of its derivatives (dairy and beef), provides 81% of milk and 22% of meat required globally. If a breeding bull is sub-fertile, this impacts herd conception and birth rates, and it is generally accepted that having a proactive genetic screening programme can prevent further losses. Chromosome translocations are the leading genetic cause of infertility in livestock and, in cattle, this extends beyond the classical 1:29 to other Robertsonian translocations (RobTs) and to reciprocal translocations (RECTs). Read More

Poult Sci 2022 Jun 26;101(9):102021. Epub 2022 Jun 26.

Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates; Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia. Electronic address:

The alimentary tract in chickens plays a crucial role in immune cell formation and immune challenges, which regulate intestinal flora and sustain extra-intestinal immunity. The interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and the host commensal microbiota as well as the variety and integrity of gut microbiota play a vital role in health and disease conditions. Thus, several studies have highlighted the importance of gut microbiota in developing immunity against viral infections in chickens. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2022 22;9:933462. Epub 2022 Jul 22.

Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases (LAPAR-CAV-UDESC), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agroveterinary Sciences Center, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, Brazil.

is reported as a trematode of great importance, causing fasciolosis, one of the most neglected zoonotic parasitic diseases in the world. In Brazil, potential losses of around US$ 210 million per year were calculated, with bovine fasciolosis alone. The State of Santa Catarina is located in the South Region of Brazil, with a herd of more than 4 million ruminants. Read More

Trends Parasitol 2022 Aug 3. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address:

Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites. It is a well-known illness in companion animals and livestock, resulting in substantial economic losses in the cattle industry. Babesiosis is also recognized as an emerging zoonosis of humans in many countries worldwide. Read More

Mol Ecol Resour 2022 Aug 6. Epub 2022 Aug 6.

Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Shaanxi, China.

Locoweeds are perennial forbs poisonous to livestock and cause extreme losses to animal husbandry. Locoweed toxicity is attributed to the symbiotic endophytes in Alternaria sect. Undifilum, which produce a mycotoxin swainsonine (SW). Read More

Vet Parasitol 2022 Jul 20;309:109766. Epub 2022 Jul 20.

Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA Wales, UK. Electronic address:

Control of liver fluke infections remains a significant challenge in the livestock sector due to widespread distribution of drug resistant parasite populations. In particular, increasing prevalence and economic losses due to infection with Fasciola hepatica is a direct result of drug resistance to the gold standard flukicide, triclabendazole. Sustainable control of this significant zoonotic pathogen, therefore, urgently requires the identification of new anthelmintics. Read More

Vet Rec 2022 Aug 3:e1980. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Independent Scholar.

Background: Transthoracic ultrasonography (TTUS) is currently the only widely used method to diagnose suspected preclinical or subclinical cases of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma/Jaagsiekte (OPA) in live sheep. However, the economic impact of using TTUS as a screening test has not been described previously.

Methods: Test characteristics for TTUS in a low-prevalence situation were obtained from a previous study of 1074 breeding ewes that underwent TTUS with an experienced operator. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 Aug 3;16(8):e0009964. Epub 2022 Aug 3.

Bovine Tuberculosis and Brucellosis Research Programme, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria; Pretoria, South Africa.

Background: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an endemic disease in Rwanda, but little is known about its prevalence and causative mycobacterial species. The disease causes tremendous losses in livestock and wildlife and remains a significant threat to public health.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study employing a systematic random sampling of cattle (n = 300) with the collection of retropharyngeal lymph nodes and tonsils (n = 300) irrespective of granulomatous lesions was carried out in six abattoirs to investigate the prevalence and identify mycobacterial species using culture, acid-fast bacteria staining, polymerase chain reaction, and GeneXpert assay. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2022 Aug 1;15(1):274. Epub 2022 Aug 1.

Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.

Background: Infection of Neospora caninum, an important obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, causes reproductive dysfunctions (e.g. abortions) in ruminants (e. Read More

Front Microbiol 2022 11;13:904815. Epub 2022 Jul 11.

Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Biological Sciences Research Group, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.

Bacterial and viral diseases in aquaculture result in severe production and economic losses. Among pathogenic bacteria, species belonging to the genus are one of the most common and widespread disease-causing agents. infections play a leading role in constraining the sustainable growth of the aquaculture sector worldwide and, consequently, are the target of manifold disease prevention strategies. Read More

Braz J Biol 2022 25;84:e263385. Epub 2022 Jul 25.

Bahauddin Zakariya University, College of Veterinary Sciences, Layyah, Pakistan.

Foot-and-mouth disease is responsible for severe economic losses to the livestock industry of Pakistan. This study aimed to use Swiss albino mice as a cost-effective experimental animal model to study different immunological and histopathological aspects of FMDV instead of natural targeted species like cattle. After isolation of field isolates FMDV on BHK-21 cell line, biological titer of the virus and mice infectious dose50 was calculated. Read More

Vaccines (Basel) 2022 Jul 25;10(8). Epub 2022 Jul 25.

Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Balcarce 7620, Argentina.

is recognised for causing cattle abortion, provoking severe economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reactivation and foetal infection in pregnant heifers inoculated with live tachyzoites before puberty. A total of 15 30-month-old pregnant heifers were allocated into four groups: animals inoculated with live tachyzoites of NC-Argentina LP1 isolate before puberty and challenged with live tachyzoites of NC-1 strain at 210 days of gestation (DG) (Group A); animals mock inoculated before puberty and challenged with NC-1 strain at 210 DG (Group B), animals inoculated before puberty but not subsequently challenged (Group C); and noninfected and nonchallenged animals (Group D). Read More

Viruses 2022 Jul 26;14(8). Epub 2022 Jul 26.

Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Jhang 35200, Pakistan.

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) causes severe economic losses to the livestock industry of endemic countries, including Pakistan. Pakistan is part of the endemic pool 3 for foot and mouth disease viruses (FMDV), characterized by co-circulating O, A, and Asia 1 serotypes, as designated by the world reference laboratory for FMD (WRL-FMD). FMDV serotype A lineage ASIA/Iran-05 is widespread in buffalos and cattle populations and was first reported in Pakistan in 2006. Read More

Arch Razi Inst 2022 02 28;77(1):37-44. Epub 2022 Feb 28.

Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute and highly contagious disease in livestock, such as cattle, sheep, and pigs, leading to a lot of economic losses. The current FMD vaccines formulated by inactivated whole-virus and adjuvant successfully reduce disease outbreaks in many regions of the world. Immunological studies on FMD viruses revealed that the dominant epitope in arising neutral antibody response is amino acid residues constructing the G-H loop, constituting a surface loop of the structural protein, termed VP1. Read More

J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022 Jun 30;9(2):335-345. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Objective: The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an infectious disease that causes very high economic losses due to decreased livestock production and poultry deaths. The vaccine's ineffectiveness due to mutation of the genetic structure of the virus impacts obstacles in controlling the disease, especially in some endemic areas. This study aimed to provide an alternative treatment for NDV infection by observing the viral replication inhibitor activity of sialidase in primary chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells. Read More

Viruses 2022 06 23;14(7). Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.

Thailand is one of the countries where foot and mouth disease outbreaks have resulted in considerable economic losses. Forecasting is an important warning technique that can allow authorities to establish an FMD surveillance and control program. This study aimed to model and forecast the monthly number of FMD outbreak episodes (n-FMD episodes) in Thailand using the time-series methods, including seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA), error trend seasonality (ETS), neural network autoregression (NNAR), and Trigonometric Exponential smoothing state-space model with Box-Cox transformation, ARMA errors, Trend and Seasonal components (TBATS), and hybrid methods. Read More

Vaccines (Basel) 2022 Jul 14;10(7). Epub 2022 Jul 14.

Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain.

Bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) are widespread arboviruses that cause important economic losses in the livestock and equine industries, respectively. In addition to these, another arthropod-transmitted orbivirus known as epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) entails a major threat as there is a conducive landscape that nurtures its emergence in non-endemic countries. To date, only vaccinations with live attenuated or inactivated vaccines permit the control of these three viral diseases, although important drawbacks, e. Read More

Pathogens 2022 Jun 24;11(7). Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 49456 Bakum, Germany.

(Gps) causes high economic losses in pig farms worldwide. So far no vaccine provides cross-protection for different serotypes, so antibiotic treatment is widely used to cope with this pathogen. In this study, routine diagnostic data from 2046 pigs with Gps related diseases sent for necropsy to a German laboratory in the time period 2006-2021 were analysed retrospectively. Read More

Microorganisms 2022 Jun 25;10(7). Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.

Brucellosis is a globally reemerging and neglected zoonosis causing serious public health problems as well as considerable economic losses due to infection of livestock. Although the epidemiology of brucellosis has been well studied and its various aspects in humans and animals are well understood, it is still one of the most challenging health problems in many developing countries such as Kyrgyzstan. This review describes epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in humans and animals, its impact on animal production and the role of implemented infection control measures in Kyrgyzstan. Read More

Vet Sci 2022 Jul 13;9(7). Epub 2022 Jul 13.

Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, China.

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious immunocompromising disorder that caused great economic losses in the poultry industry. The field-level control over IBD is primarily via vaccination. The development of a highly effective IBV vaccine has drawn great attention worldwide. Read More

Vet Sci 2022 Jul 5;9(7). Epub 2022 Jul 5.

Division of Pathology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Meningitis, caused by bacterial infections such as spp., is a frequently observed cause of death in pigs. In order to implement effective treatment and avoid further losses, it is important to establish this diagnosis quickly. Read More

Front Microbiol 2022 6;13:958307. Epub 2022 Jul 6.

UMR 1282 ISP, INRAE Centre Val de Loire, Nouzilly, France.

The continuous spread of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in Europe and Asia represents a major threat to livestock health, with billions of dollars of income losses and major perturbations of the global pig industry. One striking feature of African swine fever (ASF) is the existence of different forms of the disease, ranging from acute with mortality rates approaching 100% to chronic, with mild clinical manifestations. These differences in pathogenicity have been linked to genomic alterations present in attenuated ASFV strains (and absent in virulent ones) and differences in the immune response of infected animals. Read More

Front Microbiol 2022 4;13:934153. Epub 2022 Jul 4.

College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.

parasites are the causative agents of coccidiosis, a common parasitic disease in poultry and livestock that causes significant economic losses to the animal husbandry industry. Ionophore coccidiostats, such as monensin and salinomycin, are widely used for prophylaxis of coccidiosis in poultry. Unfortunately, widespread drug resistance has compromised their efficacy. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 Jul 18;119(30):e2202224119. Epub 2022 Jul 18.

Institute of Social Sciences, Humboldt University, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

Does the return of large carnivores affect voting behavior? We study this question through the lens of wolf attacks on livestock. Sustained environmental conservation has allowed the wolf ( to make an impressive and unforeseen comeback across Central Europe in recent years. While lauded by conservationists, local residents often see the wolf as a threat to economic livelihoods, particularly those of farmers. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2022 04;39(2):157-165

Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México.

Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis and a public health problem in developing countries that also causes great economic losses in livestock. In Mexico it is endemic and Chiapas, a state in the south of the country, stands out for the presence of the disease in humans. Through the review of the state of the art it was found that factors such as the high production of cattle, the limited institutional strategies to control the disease in livestock, the lack of sanitary regulation of the genus Brucella in dairy and meat products and the location of the state of Chiapas on the border with Central America could be determining factors for the prevalence of human brucellosis in this region of Mexico. Read More

Anim Biotechnol 2022 Jul 20:1-13. Epub 2022 Jul 20.

Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.

Cyathostomins are considered one of the most important parasites of horses. A group of horses within a herd can be responsible for eliminating the majority of parasite eggs. This phenotype might be explained by genetic factors. Read More

Toxicon 2022 Jul 15;216:125-131. Epub 2022 Jul 15.

School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China. Electronic address:

Ochratoxin A (OTA), primarily produced by the fungi belonging to the species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, is one of the most common mycotoxins found in cereals and fruits. In addition to resulting in huge economic losses, OTA contamination also poses considerable threat to human and livestock health. Microbial degradation of mycotoxins has been considered with great potential in mycotoxins decontamination. Read More

J Proteome Res 2022 Aug 18;21(8):1997-2010. Epub 2022 Jul 18.

Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, U.K.

, the common liver fluke and causative agent of zoonotic fasciolosis, impacts on food security with global economic losses of over $3.2 BN per annum through deterioration of animal health, productivity losses, and livestock death and is also re-emerging as a foodborne human disease. Cathepsin proteases present a major vaccine and diagnostic target of the excretory/secretory (ES) proteome, but utilization in diagnostics of the highly antigenic zymogen stage of these proteins is surprisingly yet to be fully exploited. Read More