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Rev Med Liege 2021 Apr;76(4):262-267

Service de Chirurgie orthopédique, CHR Citadelle, Liège, Belgique.

Rotationplasty can be used as an alternative to amputation when conservative treatment is not possible, for example in malignant tumours of the knee. The principle of the operation is to rotate the lower leg through 180 ° after resection of the distal femur and in this way the ankle joint replaces the knee joint. This surgical technique, although complex, allows satisfactory carcinological resection with a functional outcome superior to amputation above the knee as well as a better quality-of-life. Read More

J Zoo Wildl Med 2021 Apr;52(1):366-372

Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.

The fixation of fractures in wild animals has been a great challenge for veterinarians, because they will inevitably face a unique anatomical characteristic with scarce studies or reports published. Fracture fixation should promote adequate stability and early return to limb function, taking into account biomechanical characteristics of the bones, body weight, and natural habits of wildlife. Three bone fractures from two giant anteaters () referred at the veterinary teaching hospital on different occasions were treated by a double plating technique. Read More

PLoS Genet 2021 Apr 5;17(4):e1009275. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Edinburgh CRUK Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Mammalian Hedgehog (HH) signalling pathway plays an essential role in tissue homeostasis and its deregulation is linked to rheumatological disorders. UBR5 is the mammalian homologue of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Hyd, a negative regulator of the Hh-pathway in Drosophila. To investigate a possible role of UBR5 in regulation of the musculoskeletal system through modulation of mammalian HH signaling, we created a mouse model for specific loss of Ubr5 function in limb bud mesenchyme. Read More

Arthroscopy 2021 04;37(4):1161-1162

During hip arthroscopy, when a wave sign is encountered, it is a sign of labrochondral dysfunction, just like a traditional labral tear. Suture anchor fixation to the labrum can eliminate the wave sign and improve patient outcomes. Readers are urged not to equate hip labral pathology with shoulder labral tears, which have different pathomechanics, and subsequently may have different morphological characteristics. Read More

Bone Joint J 2021 Apr;103-B(4):795-803

The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

Aims: Limb salvage for pelvic sarcomas involving the acetabulum is a major surgical challenge. There remains no consensus about what is the optimum type of reconstruction after resection of the tumour. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes in these patients according to the methods of periacetabular reconstruction. Read More

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2021 Feb;46(2):123-8

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.

Objective: To observe the effect of warm needle with moxibustion (WNM) on morphological changes of articular cartilage and subchondral bone tissues in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rabbits, so as to explore whether WNM intervention can delay the development of KOA.

Methods: Forty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank control, model, WNM and medication (Alendronate sodium) groups, with 10 rabbits in each group. A KOA model was established by immobilizing the right hind limb of rabbits with orthopedic casting tape for 6 weeks. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Apr;100(13):e25073

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital.

Rationale: The incidence of Martin-Gruber anastomosis ranges from 5% to 34%, which is characterized by crossing over from the median to the ulnar nerve and innervating the first dorsal interosseous, thenar or hypothenar muscles. However, the reverse Martin-Gruber anastomosis, or Marinacci anastomosis, is far less discussed and appears in recent literature.

Patient Concerns: A 56-year-old man presented to the clinic of a university hospital because of left neck soreness with numbness radiating to the left lateral shoulder. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Apr;100(13):e23893

Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Abstract: Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) combined with intra-articular steroid injection (ISI) is preferred in management of the refractory frozen shoulder (FS). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of MUA with ISI or not on pain severity and function of the shoulder.Data on 141 patients receiving MUA with primary FS refractory to conservative treatments for at least 1 month were retrospectively obtained from medical records. Read More

Zhongguo Gu Shang 2021 Mar;34(3):288-92

Department of Orthopaedics, the First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Osteoporotic Osteopathy Prevention and Treatment Center in Northern Zhejiang, the First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of double plate combined with iliac bone graft in the treatment of femoral nonunion after intramedullary nailing.

Methods: From December 2008 to December 2017, double plate combined with autogenous iliac bone graft was used to treat femoral nonunion after intramedullary nailing. There were 11 cases, including 10 males and 1 female, aged 35 to 62 years, and the time from fracture to nonunion was 12 to 20 months. Read More

Int J Paleopathol 2021 Mar 24;33:84-93. Epub 2021 Mar 24.

Classics, Ancient History and Archaeology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. Electronic address:

Objective: This study--> provides a baseline of pathological and sub-pathological changes in the lower-limb bones of a semi-feral herd of domestic cattle. The purpose is to refine an existing method for identifying the use of cattle for traction using zooarchaeological evidence.

Methods: A published recording system for identifying draught cattle was applied to a sample of 15 individuals from Chillingham Park, Northumberland. Read More

Am J Clin Pathol 2021 Mar 26. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Division of Biomedical Sciences, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Objectives: This study investigates a unique case of multiple osteochondromas (MO) comorbid with enlarged parietal foramina and correlates the findings with the existing literature. The aim of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of anatomic variation for physicians.

Methods: A 66-year-old White male donor was examined during a routine cadaveric dissection performed by medical students in an anatomy laboratory. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Mar;100(12):e25061

Department of Neurosurgery, The Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.

Introduction: C7 nerve transfer alone can improve upper limb motor function and partial spasticity. Selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR) of the cervical nerve alone can comprehensively improve spasticity but without neuromotor regeneration. We propose a novel possible improvement of contralateral C7 (CC7) nerve transfer through the posterior vertebral approach, which was combined with SPR of the affected cervical nerve. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Mar;100(12):e24324

Department of Hepatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Abstract: To evaluate the feasibility of utilizing ultrasonography to monitor the fracture reduction and elastic intramedullary nail fixation processes in treating children with double forearm fractures. A retrospective analysis of 30 children with double forearm fractures treated at our hospital between January 2016 and July 2018. The children were aged 3 to 10 years. Read More

J Anat 2021 Mar 23. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Structure and Motion Laboratory, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK.

We developed a three-dimensional, computational biomechanical model of a juvenile Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) pelvis and hindlimb, composed of 47 pelvic limb muscles, to investigate muscle function. We tested whether crocodiles, which are known to use a variety of limb postures during movement, use limb orientations (joint angles) that optimise the moment arms (leverages) or moment-generating capacities of their muscles during different limb postures ranging from a high walk to a sprawling motion. We also describe the three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of the crocodylian hindlimb during terrestrial locomotion across an instrumented walkway and a treadmill captured via X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (biplanar fluoroscopy; 'XROMM'). Read More

Theranostics 2021 4;11(10):4770-4789. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.

The spine is one of the most common metastatic sites of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and NSCLC spinal metastasis results in serious consequences. Metastatic extravasation of disseminated cancer cells including increased invasiveness, adhesion and transendothelial migration is crucial for tumor metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying NSCLC spinal metastasis based on the C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1- (CX3CL1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1- (ICAM-1) mediated signaling network. Read More

Oper Orthop Traumatol 2021 Apr 22;33(2):125-138. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

University Center of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.

Objective: The anterior tibial rim with the anterolateral tibial tubercle provides attachment to the anterior tibiofibular syndesmosis. It may be considered an anterior or "fourth" malleolus. Fixation of a displaced anterior tibial fragment in the treatment of malleolar fractures aims at providing a bone-to-bone fixation of the anterior tibiofibular ligament and restoring the integrity of the tibial incisura. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2021 Mar 22. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Maternal Fetal Medicine Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.

Kenny-Caffey syndrome type 2 (KCS2) and osteocraniostenosis (OCS) are allelic disorders caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in the FAM111A gene. Both conditions are characterized by gracile bones, characteristic facial features, hypomineralized skull with delayed closure of fontanelles and hypoparathyroidism. OCS and KCS2 are often referred to as FAM111A-related syndromes as a group; although OCS presents with a more severe, perinatal lethal phenotype. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2021 04;119(2):e129-e132

Unidad de Neonatología, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, España.

The Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is a craniofacial malformation syndrome characterized by synostosis of coronal sutures and limb anomalies. The estimated prevalence of this syndrome is 1 in 25 000-50 000 live births. We present a case report of a neonate, without relevant family history, who presented craniofacial alterations at birth. Read More

Injury 2021 Mar 3. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

The Pennsylvania State University, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science, 500 University Drive, H089 Hershey, PA, 17033. Electronic address:

Background: Lisfranc ligamentous injuries are complex, and their treatment, along with the preferred method of fixation, is controversial. Implementing a flexible synthetic augmentation device (fibertape) has been described as an alternative to traditional screw fixation. This biomechanical study evaluated two fibertape devices with interference screw fixation: InternalBrace, and InternalBrace with supplementary intercuneiform stabilization. Read More

Sud Med Ekspert 2021 ;64(2):10-13

Samarkand Branch of the Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Forensic Medicine, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.

The Aim Of The Study: Is to determine the features of the injuries formation in children-pedestrians in a collision with moving cars on the basis of studying the nature and localization of injuries on the body of the victims. It was analyzed the materials of the forensic medical examination of 140 children death cases (91 boys and 49 girls) caused by a collision of moving cars with pedestrian-children aged 6 to 17 years. It was found that the majority of children-pedestrians with a car injury develop concomitant craniocerebral trauma (CCT) (78%), concomitant trauma of the chest (CT) (46. Read More

Wien Med Wochenschr 2021 Apr 18;171(5-6):133-141. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery-Division for Orthopedics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.

Painful orthopedic conditions associated with extreme tall stature and leg length discrepancy (LLD) include back pain and adopting bad posture. After failure of conservative treatment options, blocking of the growth plates (epiphysiodesis) around the knee emerged as gold standard in patients with tall stature and LLD in the growing skeleton. Surgical planning includes growth prediction and evaluation of bone age. Read More

PLoS One 2021 18;16(3):e0248681. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Lystrosaurus represents one of the most successful dicynodonts, a survivor of the end-Permian mass extinction that remained abundant in the Early Triassic, but many aspects of its paleobiology are still controversial. The bone histology of Lystrosaurus species from South Africa and India has provided important information on their growth strategy and lifestyle, but until recently no data was available on the bone histology of Lystrosaurus from China. Here, we report on the bone microstructure of seven Lystrosaurus individuals from the Lower Triassic of Xinjiang, providing the first such data for the Chinese Lystrosaurus species. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Mar;100(11):e24241

Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University.

Rationale: Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is widely used in spinal surgeries to prevent iatrogenic spinal cord injury (SCI). Most surgeons focus on avoiding neurological compromise intraoperatively, while ignoring the possibility of nerve damage preoperatively, such as neck positioning. Thus, this study aims to report a case with transient neurological deterioration due to improper neck position detected by IONM during cervical surgery. Read More

Disabil Rehabil 2021 Mar 16:1-13. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Discipline of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: To identify the impact of upper limb spasticity on stroke survivors by linking their shared experience to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF).

Methods: Ten community dwelling adults with a chronic stroke and spasticity, who had completed an upper limb rehabilitation trial participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using content analysis and linked to the ICF Comprehensive Core Set for stroke using standard linking rules. Read More

J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021 Apr 23;15:136-138. Epub 2020 Oct 23.

Department of Orthopedics, S.N. Medical College, Agra, India.

Introduction: Incidence of open fractures of the long bones is increasing due to the increase in road traffic accidents (RTA) which leads to an increased incidence of complex non-unions of long bones. Patients are usually operated many times for fracture fixation (and healing) or to eradicate infection, which causes soft tissue scarring and devitalization of any surviving bone.

Objective: In this study, we assess the outcome of the Limb reconstruction system in tibial infected non-union and open tibial diaphyseal fracture with bone loss. Read More

Insights Imaging 2021 Mar 8;12(1):32. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde Higienópolis, Rua Mato Grosso 306, 1st Floor, Higienópolis, São Paulo, SP, 01239-040, Brazil.

Osteoid osteoma is a painful, benign and common bone tumor that is prevalent in young adults. The typical clinical presentation consists of pain that becomes worse at night and is relieved by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The most common imaging finding is a lytic lesion, known as a nidus, with variable intralesional mineralization, accompanied by bone sclerosis, cortical thickening and surrounding bone marrow edema, as well as marked enhancement with intravenous contrast injection. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2021 Feb 30;10(2):e423-e429. Epub 2021 Jan 30.

Clinique du Sport, Merignac, Merignac, Bordeaux.

Arthrodesis surgery aims to provide relief for chronic joint pain and correct limb alignment by achieving a stable union between articulating bones. The key factors to achieving sound arthrodesis is adequate debridement of arthritic cartilage and creating well-apposed bleeding subchondral bone surfaces without compromising the surrounding soft tissue envelope. Arthroscopic subtalar arthrodesis is technically demanding but provides better visualization of the articular surfaces and is safer for the surrounding soft tissues compared to the open approach. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2021 Feb 15;9(2):e3398. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.

Resection of soft-tissue sarcomas near important tissues (major blood vessels, nerves, bones) is challenging. "In situ preparation" (ISP) technique enables the function of the affected limb to be maintained by preserving the tissue as much as possible. The technique is based on evaluation of the margin of resection of important tissues near the tumor during surgery. Read More

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2021 Mar 6. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Orthopaedic Research Unit (ORU), Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa.

Purpose: Injuries to the long bones of the upper limb resulting in bone defects are rare but potentially devastating. Literature on the management of these injuries is limited to case reports and small case series. The aim of this study was to collate the most recent published work on the management of upper limb bone defects to assist with evidence based management when confronted with these cases. Read More