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Food Chem 2021 Mar 26;356:129691. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China. Electronic address:

This work aims to describe the purification and characterization of acidic-hydrolyzed corn silk polysaccharides (AH-CSP) and evaluate their protection on the HO-injured intestinalepithelial cells (IEC-6). Two fractions named AHP-1 and AHP-2 were obtained from AH-CSP, and physicochemical properties of them were investigated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), gas chromatography (GC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and Congo red test. Results showed that AHP-1 (2. Read More

Nutrition 2021 Mar 4;89:111230. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. Electronic address:

Objective: With the prevalence of diabetes worldwide, it is urgent to find a suitable treatment. Recently, the ketogenic diet has shown beneficial effects in reducing blood glucose, but some concerns have been raised about its probable side effects, such as hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis. Because a low-carbohydrate diet replaces part of the fat with carbohydrates on the basis of the ketogenic diet, we would like to know whether it does better in treating type 2 diabetes. Read More

Chemosphere 2021 Mar 31;278:130435. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.

The coordination between photosynthesis and aerobic respiration under mixotrophic cultivation can make a difference to the growth and biochemical composition of microalgae. However, the response of carbon metabolism to carbon source composition under mixotrophic microalgae cultivation has not been well studied. In this study, the synergistic effects of inorganic carbon (IC) and organic carbon (OC) supply on the growth and carbon metabolism of Chlorella vulgaris under mixotrophic cultivation were investigated. Read More

Transpl Immunol 2021 Apr 7:101392. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Military Hospital 103, Ha Noi, Viet Nam; Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Electronic address:

Background: To assess the incidence of new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) for the first year post-transplantation and the predictive value of high-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP) before transplantation for NODAT prediction in kidney transplantation patients.

Material And Methods: A study of 251 consecutive adult end-stage kidney disease patients transplanted kidneys from living donors, follow-up during the first year to find NODAT. We diagnosed NODAT based on blood glucose or HbA1c following to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Read More

Pharmacol Res 2021 Apr 7:105602. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India. Electronic address:

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Insufficient insulin secretion and insulin action are two major causes for the development of diabetes, which is characterized by a persistent increase in blood glucose level. Diet and sedentary life style play pivotal role in development of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2021 Apr 7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;; Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, International Center for Public Health, Newark, NJ, USA. Electronic address:

High-density lipoprotein (HDL), in addition to promoting reverse cholesterol transport, possesses anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic activities, which are thought to be promoted by paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an HDL-associated enzyme. Reduced levels of PON1 are associated with increased oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease both in humans and Pon1 mice. However, molecular basis of these associations are not fully understood. Read More

J Nutr Biochem 2021 Apr 7:108644. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA. Electronic address:

Obesogenic and diabetogenic high fat (HF) diets can influence genetic factors in disease development with sexual dimorphic responses. We investigated potential protective effects of tart cherry (TC), fish oil (FO) and TC+FO supplementation in TALLYHO/Jng (TH) and C57BL/6J (B6) mice fed HF diets. Male and female TH and B6 mice were weaned onto five different diets; low fat (LF), HF, and HF supplemented with TC, FO, or TC+FO and maintained. Read More

J Nutr Biochem 2021 Apr 7:108645. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China. Electronic address:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease affecting the health of many people worldwide. Previous studies have shown that dietary calcium supplementation may alleviate NAFLD, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. In this study investigating the effect of calcium on hepatic lipid metabolism, 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups (n = 6): (a) mice given a normal chow containing 0. Read More

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021 Apr 7:115523. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China. Electronic address:

Metformin, as the first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been shown to possess a capability to activate or inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different ways. However, the detailed mechanisms of the opposite effect are poorly understood. Here we provide evidence that metformin induces accumulation of ROS by inhibiting the expression of a core antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 1 (NFE2L1/Nrf1) in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Pediatric, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.

Objectives: Chronic metabolic disturbances related to cancer treatment are well reported among survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, few studies have investigated the incidence of these complications during the phase of chemotherapy. We evaluated the incidence of acute metabolic complications occurring during therapy in our cohort of patients diagnosed with ALL. Read More

Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021 Apr;28(2):235-242

Cardiology Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.

Background: Endogenous testosterone levels decrease in men with aging. Controversies persist regarding the screening and treatment of low testosterone levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

Methods And Results: Total serum testosterone levels were measured in 1054 men hospitalized for ACS that were part of a Swiss prospective cohort. Read More

Pediatr Diabetes 2021 Apr 10. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Örebro, Örebro, Sweden.

Early-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with high risk of early cardiovascular complications and premature death. The strongest modifiable risk factor is HbA1c. Other modifiable factors, such as overweight, also increase the risk of complications. Read More

J Clin Pharmacol 2021 Apr 10. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Brothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were found to be at increased risk for cardiometabolic disorders. This risk may be exacerbated by concurrent poorly-controlled hypertension. Angiotensin II receptor blockers are the most frequently used anti-hypertensive drugs. Read More

J Public Health (Oxf) 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Federfama-Sunifar, 190 - 00185 Rome, Italy.

Background: Effective policies for diabetes prevention remain urgent. We conducted a mass screening campaign in Italy to identify subjects potentially having undiagnosed diabetes, prediabetes or at diabetes risk.

Methods: This cohort study was conducted in community pharmacies joining the unitary National federation of pharmacy holders (Federfarma) and participating in the 7-day screening campaign 'DiaDay' in 2017-2018. Read More

J Biochem 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiovascular disease. A declined miR-20a-5p was observed in hearts of diabetic mice, while its effect on DCM remains unknown. Herein, we established streptozotocin-induced DCM rat model and high glucose-stimulated H9C2 model of DCM. Read More

Genetics 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Shmunis School of Biomedical and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 69978.

Candida albicans is a prevalent human fungal pathogen. Rapid genomic change, due to aneuploidy, is a common mechanism that facilitates survival from multiple types of stresses including the few classes of available antifungal drugs. The stress survival of aneuploids occurs despite the fitness costs attributed to most aneuploids growing under idealized lab conditions. Read More

J Appl Lab Med 2021 Apr 10. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA.

Background: Our purpose was to evaluate the performance of the ACCU-CHEK® Inform II blood glucose monitoring system (Roche Diagnostics GmbH) compared with the perchloric acid hexokinase (PCA-HK) comparator method on the cobas® 6000 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics International Ltd) in critically ill patients.

Methods: Overall, 476 arterial (376 pediatric/adult, 100 neonate), 375 venous, and 100 neonatal heel-stick whole-blood samples were collected and evaluated from critical care settings at 10 US hospitals, including the emergency department, medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs), and neonatal and pediatric ICUs. The ACCU-CHEK Inform II system was evaluated at 2 cutoff boundaries: boundary 1 was ≥95% of results within ±12 mg/dL of the reference (samples with blood glucose <75 mg/dL) or ±12% of the reference (glucose ≥75 mg/dL), and boundary 2 was ≥98% of results within ±15 mg/dL or ±15% of the reference. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 9;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Endocrinology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Neonatal diabetes (NDM) is defined as diabetes that occurs in the first 6 months of life, the majority of cases are due to sporadic mutations. ATP-sensitive potassium channels located in the beta cells of the pancreas play a major role in insulin secretion and blood glucose homeostasis. Mutations that alter the function of these channels may lead to NDM. Read More

Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021 Apr 9;13(1):40. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Internal Medicine III, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess diabetes-related distress in inpatients and its association with metabolic control in people with diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2).

Research Design And Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 107 inpatients with DM1 (age 45.9 years, diabetes duration 18. Read More

Biotechnol Biofuels 2021 Apr 9;14(1):92. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001, Leuven-Heverlee, Flanders, Belgium.

Background: Presence of inhibitory chemicals in lignocellulose hydrolysates is a major hurdle for production of second-generation bioethanol. Especially cheaper pre-treatment methods that ensure an economical viable production process generate high levels of these inhibitory chemicals. The effect of several of these inhibitors has been extensively studied with non-xylose-fermenting laboratory strains, in synthetic media, and usually as single inhibitors, or with inhibitor concentrations much higher than those found in lignocellulose hydrolysates. Read More

Biosens Bioelectron 2021 Mar 28;183:113204. Epub 2021 Mar 28.

Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), FH Aachen, Campus Jülich, Heinrich-Mußmann-Strasse 1, 52428, Jülich, Germany; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-3), Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse 6, 52425, Jülich, Germany. Electronic address:

In modern days, there is an increasing relevance of and demand for flexible and biocompatible sensors for in-vivo and epidermal applications. One promising strategy is the implementation of biological (natural) polymers, which offer new opportunities for flexible biosensor devices due to their high biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradability. As a proof-of-concept experiment, a biosensor was fabricated by combining thin- (for Pt working- and counter electrode) and thick-film (for Ag/AgCl quasi-reference electrode) technologies: The biosensor consists of a fully bio-based and biodegradable fibroin substrate derived from silk fibroin of the silkworm Bombyx mori combined with immobilized enzyme glucose oxidase. Read More

Bioresour Technol 2021 Mar 27;332:125059. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, China.

Herein, a series of novel adsorbents derived from glucose, maltose, and starch zinc oxide (ZnO) loaded carbohydrate-based carbon materials (Zn-Cs) were synthesized by a fast and efficient self-propagating combustion synthesis method (SCS). The experimental results show that Zn-Cs exhibits excellent adsorption performance (>375 mg/g) to tetracycline, and the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich model can better describe the adsorption data. The adsorption capacities of Zn-Cs were over 300 mg/g throughout the wide pH range (6-9), while various coexisting ions in the concentration range of 0-10 mg/L and the presence of humic acid had nearly no impact on the adsorption of tetracycline. Read More

Food Chem 2021 Mar 30;356:129728. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.

Alginate is a low-cost polysaccharide found abundantly in seaweeds which consists of mannuronate and guluronate, and it is considered a sustainable gum source for dietary fiber. To solve the high viscosity-related problems while retaining its physiological properties, four partially degraded alginate products (PDA1-4) with molecular weight of 1.05-0. Read More

Exp Gerontol 2021 Apr 6:111345. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

School of Sport Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address:

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can effectively increase peak oxygen consumption, body composition, physical fitness, and health-related characteristics of adults; however, its impact in the older population remains highly debated. This review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, physical fitness, and health-related outcomes in older adults. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science) were searched (until July 2020) for randomized trials comparing the effect of HIIT on physical fitness, metabolic parameters, and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults. Read More

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

HAYASHIBARA CO., LTD., 675-1 Fujisaki, Naka-ku, Okayama 702-8006, Japan.

We prepared a high-molecular-weight modified dextrin (MWS-1000) from a partial hydrolysate of waxy corn starch with a weight average molecular weight of 1 × 106 (WS-1000) using Paenibacillus alginolyticus PP710 α-glucosyltransferase. The gel permeation chromatography showed that the weight average molecular weight of MWS-1000 was almost the same as that of WS-1000. The side chain length of WS-1000 and MWS-1000 after isomaltodextranase digestion were also shown to be similar to each other by high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Read More

Arch Physiol Biochem 2021 Apr 9:1-8. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of endocrinology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan city, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.

Aims: This study was performed to explore the possible beneficial effects of vitexin on high glucose (HG)-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells.

Methods: INS-1 pancreatic β-cell line has used this study. HG-induced (33 Mm) exposed INS-1 cell death; the apoptosis INS-1 cells treated vitexin 10, 20, 40, and 80 µg/mL for 24 hours. Read More

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021 Jan-Dec;27:1076029621999099

Laboratory of Hemostasis and Vascular Biology, Faculty of Medical and Biological Sciences "Dr Ignacio Chávez," Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico.

Among COVID-19 hospitalized patients, high incidence of alterations in inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers correlates with a poor prognosis. Comorbidities such as chronic degenerative diseases are frequently associated with complications in COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammatory and procoagulant biomarkers in COVID-19 patients from a public hospital in Mexico. Read More

Curr Heart Fail Rep 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Multiple newer medications benefit patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). While these therapies benefit the broad population with HFrEF, the efficacy and safety of these therapies have been less well characterized in patients with significant comorbidities.

Recent Findings: Common comorbidities of high interest in heart failure (HF) include diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease (CKD), atrial fibrillation, and obesity, and each has potential implications for clinical management. Read More

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, ul. K. J. Poniatowskiego 12, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Aim of the study was to assess the suitability of the combined use of microwave radiation and sodium cumene sulfonate under optimized process conditions for the preparation of maize stillage biomass as a raw material for the production of cellulosic ethanol. The key parameter guaranteeing a high level of lignin removal from biomass (ca. 44%) was concentration of hydrotrope. Read More

JMIR Res Protoc 2021 Apr 9;10(4):e18777. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Background: Bone and muscle are closely linked anatomically, biochemically, and metabolically. Acute exercise affects both bone and muscle, implying a crosstalk between the two systems. However, how these two systems communicate is still largely unknown. Read More