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Semin Thromb Hemost 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Worldwide, traumatic injury is responsible for over 5 million deaths per year, the majority due to exsanguination and head injury. The antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid is the only drug proven to reduce deaths after traumatic injury. Several large randomized controlled trials have provided high-quality evidence of its effectiveness and safety in trauma patients. Read More

Horm Behav 2021 Apr 17;132:104979. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Swiss Ornithological Institute, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Understanding how vulnerable species are to new stressors, such as anthropogenic changes, is crucial for mitigating their potential negative consequences. Many studies have investigated species sensitivity to human disturbance by focusing on single behavioral or physiological parameters, such as flight initiation distance and glucocorticoid levels. However, little is known about the differential effect that modulating factors might have on behavioral versus physiological stress responses across species. Read More

Nutrition 2021 Mar 4;89:111225. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.

Objectives: Probiotics may have beneficial effects on intestinal dysbiosis. However, the effects of probiotics on redox and inflammatory responses in intestinal constipation remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a multiple-strain probiotic on the redox and inflammatory responses in individuals with intestinal constipation. Read More

J Crit Care 2021 Apr 16;64:125-130. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Dept of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Background: Outcome for critically ill patients with COVID-19 treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is largely unknown. We describe mortality and renal outcome in this group.

Methods: This observational study was conducted at a university hospital in Sweden. Read More

Bone 2021 Apr 17:115963. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Medicine - Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States. Electronic address:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to loss of cortical bone through cortical thinning and the development of cortical porosity. The goal of this current study was to assess cortical bone alterations to adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in two strains of mice with known genetic differences in cortical thickness. We hypothesized that C3H mice with thicker cortices and baseline levels of intracortical remodeling would have greater cortical porosity in response to adenine-induced CKD compared to B6 animals. Read More

World Neurosurg 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, CHU Lille, Lille, France. Electronic address:

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) using the EmboTrap® Revascularization Device (EmboTrap) in patients with ischemic stroke treated >6-24 hours after stroke onset.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data from a prospective registry of consecutive stroke patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO) treated by stent-retriever thrombectomy with EmboTrap II in a single stroke center in France from 2016 to 2017. Patients were divided into late treatment window (>6-24 hours after stroke onset) or early treatment window (≤6 hours) groups. Read More

Behav Brain Res 2021 Apr 17:113311. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Centre du Cerveau² - Centre intégré pluridisciplinaire de l'étude du cerveau, de la cognition et de la conscience, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the prefrontal cortex has been shown to improve behavioral responsiveness in patients with disorders of consciousness following severe brain injury, especially those in minimally conscious state (MCS). However, one potential barrier of clinical response to tDCS is the timing of stimulation with regard to the fluctuations of vigilance that characterize this population. Indeed, a previous study showed that the vigilance of MCS patients has periodic average cycles of 70 minutes (range 57-80 minutes), potentially preventing them to be in an optimal neural state to benefit from tDCS when applied randomly. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Dermatology and Pathology; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics and VA Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa.

Background: Psychocutaneous disorders are often attributed to stimulant medications, yet this relationship has never been fully elucidated. Literature on psychocutaneous disorders largely focuses on clinical presentation and treatment rather than disease etiology or exacerbation.

Objective: To determine if patients presenting with psychocutaneous disorders display high rates of stimulant use and psychiatric comorbidity METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of patients with psychocutaneous disorders presenting to a single center. Read More

Prev Med 2021 Apr 17:106565. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Many healthcare workers in eldercare are pushed out of the labor market before the official retirement age due to poor health. Identification of early warnings signs is important to avoid complete loss of work ability. The aim of this study was to investigate to what degree sickness absence and presenteeism increase future risk for disability pension among eldercare workers. Read More

Chest 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Nashville, TN. Electronic address:

Background: Supervised exercise training improves outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The effect of an unsupervised activity intervention has not been tested.

Research Question: Can a text-based mobile health intervention increase step counts in patients with PAH?

Study Design And Methods: We performed a randomized, parallel arm, single-blind clinical trial. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Newborn Department, Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

Background: Despite improvements made in neonatal care, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is still the most common respiratory disease in preterm infants. The relationship between the blood contents of vitamin D/E in premature infants and BPD is still controversial.

Methods: Preterm infants were recruited as the research subjects. Read More

Menopause 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.

Objective: We assessed associations of genetic loci that contribute to age at menarche and menopause with sentinel menopausal traits in multiple race/ethnic groups.

Methods: Genetic data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation include 738 White, 366 Black, 139 Chinese, and 145 Japanese women aged 42 to 52 at baseline. We constructed standardized polygenic risk scores (PRSs) using single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from large-scale genome-wide association studies meta-analyses of ages at menopause and menarche, evaluating associations with each trait within each race/ethnic group. Read More

J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2021 Apr 20:1-6. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Unit of Neurophthalmology, Consorci Parc de Salut MAR de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

: To assess the value of measuring diplopia before and after pyridostigmine intake to differentiate myasthenia gravis from sagging eye syndrome.To establish a threshold for a positive response to pyridostigmine in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.: 15 patients with myasthenia gravis and 15 with sagging eye syndrome diplopia were evaluated. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 Apr 20:e14246. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, A Joanna Briggs Institute affiliated group, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Background: Considering pathologic significance of oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), current research aimed to evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation on oxidative stress markers and disease activity in SLE.

Method: In this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 32 SLE females were selected and randomly assigned into 2 groups to take 10 mg/day melatonin or placebo for twelve weeks. Before and after trial, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured and disease activity was determined by Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands.

Vitamin D is an important factor in bone metabolism. Animal studies have shown a positive effect of vitamin D supplementation on fracture healing, but evidence from clinical trials is inconclusive. A randomized controlled trial was performed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fracture healing using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) based outcome parameters. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021 Apr;25(7):3045-3053

Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, Indonesia.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the trimetazidine administration before CAG and/or PCI reduces the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). We also aimed to evaluate the factors affecting the effect and the certainty of the evidence.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to obtain studies that assess trimetazidine's effect on the incidence of CIN in CAG/PCI patients up until 21 January 2021 through PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Read More

Hepatol Int 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department II of Interventional Radiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of combined treatment with lenvatinib and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) versus TACE only in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC).

Methods: Of the 120 patients enrolled in this study, 60 patients received treatment with TACE only, and 60 patients received TACE plus lenvatinib. We retrospectively compared the clinical outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and tumor response between the two groups. Read More

J Bras Nefrol 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Nephrology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

Introduction: The outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) remain dismal even today, owing in part due to the lack of an ideal biomarker for detecting renal damage early enough. We conducted this pilot study to determine the clinical significance of Frusemide Stress Test (FST) to predict the severity of AKI.

Methods: A total of 80 patients with AKI-KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) stage 1 or stage 2 underwent FST by administering a bolus dose of frusemide (1mg/kg for frusemide naïve and 1. Read More

Food Funct 2021 Apr 19;12(7):3206-3218. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

Unidad de Vinculación Científica, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habit. IBS patients report that FODMAP (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols) diet induce or exacerbate their symptoms. It has been reported that low-FODMAP diet (LFD) improves the symptoms in 50%-80% of IBS patients. Read More

Gac Med Mex 2020 ;156(6):499-508

Global R&D Life Sciences, Nutrition Sciences, PepsiCo Inc.

Introduction: Child malnutrition in Mexico reaches a prevalence as high as 27.5 % in rural areas.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF) to correct mild acute malnutrition and prevent moderate acute malnutrition in preschool children from rural communities. Read More

Fam Process 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Cognitive-behavioral conjoint therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (CBCT for PTSD) is associated with improvements in patients' PTSD symptoms, partners' psychological distress, and relationship satisfaction. However, little is known about whether CBCT for PTSD is associated with changes in other relationship domains that have theoretical and clinical relevance to the relational context of PTSD. The current study is a secondary analysis of relational outcomes from an uncontrolled, within-group trial designed to examine whether an abbreviated, intensive, multi-couple group version of CBCT for PTSD (AIM-CBCT for PTSD) delivered in a retreat during a single weekend was associated with improvements in PTSD symptoms and relationship satisfaction. Read More

Jpn J Nurs Sci 2021 Apr 19:e12418. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.

Aim: To explore the effect of home-based exercise on motor symptoms (MS), non-motor symptoms (NMS), and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.

Methods: This study was a randomized control trial with a convenience sample of 98 PD patients. Data were collected at baseline and interventions after 4 and 8 weeks. Read More

Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Anaphylaxis is the most severe manifestation of allergic disorders. The poor knowledge of its molecular mechanisms often leads to underdiagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNA) regulate physiological and pathological processes and they have been postulated as promising diagnostic markers. Read More

Am J Clin Nutr 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Background: Adequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is essential for healthy fetal growth. However, in low- and middle-income countries, where malnutrition is prevalent, little information is available about GWG and how it might be modified by nutritional status and interventions.

Objective: We describe GWG and its associations with fetal growth and birth outcomes. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Apr 19;11(1):8497. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Veterans Affairs North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA.

The burden of COVID-19 has been noted to be disproportionately greater in minority women, a population that is nevertheless still understudied in COVID-19 research. We conducted an observational study to examine COVID-19-associated mortality and cardiovascular disease outcomes after testing (henceforth index) among a racially diverse adult women veteran population. We assembled a retrospective cohort from a Veterans Affairs (VA) national COVID-19 shared data repository, collected between February and August 2020. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Apr 19;11(1):8419. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Center for the Neurobiology of Language Recovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.

Language outcomes after speech and language therapy in post-stroke aphasia are challenging to predict. This study examines behavioral language measures and resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) as predictors of treatment outcome. Fifty-seven patients with chronic aphasia were recruited and treated for one of three aphasia impairments: anomia, agrammatism, or dysgraphia. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Apr 19;11(1):8503. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Traumatology, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Center of Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.

Musculoskeletal injuries are the most common reason for surgery in severely injured patients. In addition to direct cardiac damage after physical trauma, there is rising evidence that trauma induces secondary cardiac structural and functional damage. Previous research associates hip fractures with the appearance of coronary heart disease: As 25% of elderly patients developed a major adverse cardiac event after hip fracture. Read More

J Med Genet 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Background: This study aimed to identify and resolve discordant variant interpretations across clinical molecular genetic laboratories through the Canadian Open Genetics Repository (COGR), an online collaborative effort for variant sharing and interpretation.

Methods: Laboratories uploaded variant data to the Franklin Genoox platform. Reports were issued to each laboratory, summarising variants where conflicting classifications with another laboratory were noted. Read More

J Dent Hyg 2021 Apr;95(2):63-70

Professor emeritus in the Department of Education; all at Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, USA.

Health science students have an increased source of stress due to the rigorous curriculum, high clinical expectations, and academic demands. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a 15-minute yoga intervention to reduce stress in entry-level dental hygiene students. First year dental hygiene students were invited to participate in the experimental study (n=32) and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Read More