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PLoS One 2021 15;16(4):e0249555. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: Preeclampsia is a common obstetric complication. The rate of preeclampsia is increased in twin pregnancies. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical risk factors for developing preeclampsia in twin pregnancies. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, 82# of Qinglong St. Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.

Knowing the normal values of left ventricular (LV) systolic synchronicity in the early neonatal period is very important for understanding myocardial function. This retrospective study analyzed data of 105 newborns who were examined using real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE). The time to the point of minimal regional systolic volume (Tmsv) was measured from volume-time curves in each segment. Read More

J Perinat Med 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain.

Objectives: Antenatal exposure to organic pollutants is a leading public health problem. Meconium is a unique matrix to perform prenatal studies because it enables us to retrospectively evaluate fetal exposure accumulated during the second and third trimester. The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between organic pollutant levels in meconium and birth weight in NW Spain. Read More

J Epidemiol 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health and Sciences, National Cancer Center.

Background: Although prevalence of low birth weight has increased in the last 3 decades in Japan, no studies in Japanese women have investigated whether birth weight is associated with the risk of pregnancy complications, such as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: We used data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT), a population-based cohort study in Japan that launched in 2011. In the main analysis, we included 46,365 women who had been pregnant at least once, for whom information on birth weight and events during their pregnancy was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Read More

BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021 Apr;9(1)

Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.

Women with past gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes and adverse cardiovascular events. Digital and telemedicine interventions targeting weight loss and reductions in body mass index (BMI) may help reduce risk for women with GDM. The aim was to compare the effectiveness of digital or telemedicine intervention with usual care. Read More

Lupus 2021 Apr 15:9612033211007199. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, China.

Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of HCQ in improving the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies with SLE.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database for relevant English language articles, and Wanfang, CNKI and VIP for Chinese articles, from the databases' inception to April 30, 2020. These studies compared the maternal and/or fetal outcomes between pregnant patients with SLE who were administered HCQ during pregnancy (HCQ+ group) and those who were not administered HCQ (HCQ- group). Read More

J Perinatol 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute of Public Health, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of adjusting for body measures on the association between small for gestational age (SGA) and overweight at 3 years.

Study Design: Data were obtained from the Preterm Infant Multicenter Growth Study (n = 1089). Logistic regression was used, to adjust for confounders with additional adjustments separately for weight and height at 21 months. Read More

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Clinical Medicine-Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Midtjylland, Denmark.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the association between maternal body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy and children's intellectual disability (ID) risk in the absence of chromosomal disorders, neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis, taking adverse birth outcomes, maternal hypertension/diabetes and maternal socioeconomic status into consideration.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study of singletons without common genetic defects born in Sweden during 1992-2006, and followed them from birth until 31 December 2014 (n=1 186 836). Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse the association between maternal BMI in early pregnancy and the risk of offspring's ID. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr 2021 Apr 10. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences. The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan.

Introduction: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing among young people worldwide. The American Diabetes Association has defined the risk factors that are associated with this increased risk for developing T2DM in youths.

Objective: To explore school children at high-risk for T2DM in Jordan. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021 Mar 31;32:73-79. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Objective: To obtain reference data on the early motor repertoire of very preterm infants compared with healthy term infants at three months' post-term age.

Study Design: In this observational study, using Prechtl's method on the assessment of the early motor repertoire, we compared the quality of fidgety movements and the concurrent motor optimality score - revised of infants with a gestational age <30 weeks and/or a birth weight <1000 g with healthy infants with a gestational age of 37-42 weeks.

Results: One hundred eighty very preterm and 180 healthy term infants participated. Read More

Prenat Diagn 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston John P and Katherine G McGovern Medical School, Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.

Objective: Donor demise after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is well-characterized, but recipient demise is not, nor is neonatal death. This study aims to characterize factors associated with recipient death, donor death, and dual twin death after laser, both before and after birth.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of monochorionic twin pairs who underwent laser ablation for TTTS. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common flavor enhancer and stabilizer for ready-made or packaged foods. This research investigated the impact of MSG on the maternal and fetal liver. The present study was carried out on sixteen mature female Albino rats and eight male rats of reproductive age. Read More

J Nutr 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Donor milk is the standard of care for hospitalized very low birth weight (VLBW) infants when mother's milk is unavailable; however, growth of donor milk-fed infants is frequently suboptimal. Variability in nutrient composition of donated milk complicates the production of a uniform pooled product and, subsequently, the provision of adequate nutrition to promote optimal growth and development of VLBW infants. We reasoned a machine learning approach to construct batches using characteristics of the milk donation might be an effective strategy in reducing the variability in donor milk product composition. Read More

J Korean Med Sci 2021 Apr 12;36(14):e93. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: In accordance with the guidelines for the expectant management of women exposed to previable preterm premature rupture of membrane, we compared neonatal outcomes according to the latent period from membrane rupture to delivery among extremely preterm infants exposed to maternal preterm premature rupture of membrane using the Korean Neonatal Network database.

Methods: Of the 3,305 extremely preterm infants born at 23-27 weeks' gestation between 2014 and 2017 who were registered in the Korean Neonatal Network, 1,464 infants were born to pregnant women who were exposed to preterm premature rupture of membrane. The short latency group was defined as infants born with a latent period between membrane rupture and delivery < 7 days (n = 450), whereas the prolonged latency group was defined as infants born with a latent period of ≥ 7 days (n = 434). Read More

Bioelectromagnetics 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.

The effects of exposure to intermediate-frequency electromagnetic fields (IF-EMFs) during pregnancy on birth outcomes are uncertain. We investigated the association between the use of induction heating (IH) cookers, which are major sources of IF-EMFs, during pregnancy and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), and birth weight, using data from a prebirth cohort study in Japan. Study participants were 1,565 mothers with singleton pregnancies and the babies born from these pregnancies. Read More

Nutr Rev 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

E.C. Keats, N. Akseer, P. Thurairajah, and Z.A. Bhutta are with the Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. S. Cousens is with the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Z.A. Bhutta is with the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Z.A. Bhutta is with the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. H. Ali is with the JiVitA Maternal and Child Nutrition and Health Research Project, Gaibandha, Bangladesh. S. El Arifeen is with the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. U. Ashorn is with the Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. J. Belizan is with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. R.E. Black, P. Christian, A.B. Labrique, K. West, and L.S-F. Wu are with the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. L.M. De-Regil is with Nutrition International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. K. Dewey is with the University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA. M.J. Dibley is with The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. W. Fawzi and C.R. Sudfeld are with the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. H. Friis and P. Kaestel are with the University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. E. Gomo is with the University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. L. Huybregts is with the International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA. R. Jayatissa is with the Medical Research Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka. S.K. Khatry is with the Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project-Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal. P.W. Kolsteren is with Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. M. McCauley is with the Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom. B.M. Oaks is with the University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA. E. Piwoz is with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA. S. Shaikh is with the Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India. D.D. Soekarjo is with the Savica Consultancy, Jakarta, Indonesia. W. Urassa is with the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. N. Zagre is with the UNICEF Regional Office for West and Central Africa, Dakar, Senegal. L. Zeng and Z. Zhu are with the School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Context: Approximately 7.3 million births occur annually among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Pregnant adolescents constitute a nutritionally vulnerable group that could benefit from intervention to mitigate the mortality and adverse birth outcomes associated with adolescent pregnancy. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021 Apr 12;21(1):295. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Fukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environment and Children's Study, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.

Background: The adequate maternal sleep duration required for favorable obstetric outcomes is unknown. We evaluated the association between maternal sleep duration and low birth weight infants, small for gestational age infants, and macrosomia.

Methods: Participants enrolled in the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort study, with singleton pregnancies after 22 weeks, who gave birth between 2011 and 2014 were enrolled and categorized into five groups according to maternal sleep duration during pregnancy: < 6. Read More

Midwifery 2021 Apr 3;98:102994. Epub 2021 Apr 3.

Centre for Innovative Medical Technology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. Electronic address:

Background: Being overweight or obese is associated with higher risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including gestational diabetes and childhood obesity. Many women exceed the gestational weight gain recommendations. Thus, it is important to focus on the women's lifestyle between their pregnancies to lower the risk of weight retention before the next pregnancy as well as in a life course perspective. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2020 Dec;37(6):667-674

Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) presents high mortality and postoperative, gastrointestinal and neurodevelopmental morbidity. There is limited information about NEC in Chile.

Aim: To describe the clinical/epidemiological behavior of newborns who underwent NEC. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2021 Feb;38(1):45-53

Servicio de Neonatología, Complejo Asistencial Barros Luco Trudeau, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital infection, 90% of affected newborn (NB) are asymptomatic at birth and 6-15% will develop long term sequalae. It is the main etiology of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss.

Aim: To determine prevalence of CMV in high risk NB. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Biochemistry, Eyüpsultan State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the serum IL-22 levels between preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) patients and the control group with intact membranes. We also hypothesized whether serum IL-22 upregulation might contribute to defense against inflammatory responses and improve the pregnancy outcomes.

Material And Methods: We performed this prospective case-control study between 24-34 weeks of pregnancy. Read More

World J Pediatr 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging disease. The consequences of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in infants remain unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 have adverse brain development. Read More

JAMA Pediatr 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.

Importance: Knowledge of health outcomes among opioid-exposed infants is limited, particularly for those not diagnosed with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).

Objectives: To describe infant mortality among opioid-exposed infants and identify how mortality risk differs in opioid-exposed infants with and without a diagnosis of NOWS compared with infants without opioid exposure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective cohort study of maternal-infant dyads was conducted, linking health care claims with vital records for births from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2014, with follow-up of infants until age 1 year (through 2015). Read More

J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2021 Apr 7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Background: To date, there has been limited work evaluating the total cumulative effective radiation dose received by infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Most previous publications report that the total radiation dose received falls within the safe limits but does not include all types of ionizing radiation studies typically performed on this vulnerable patient population. We aimed to provide an estimate of the cumulative effective ionizing radiation dose (cED) in microSieverts (μSv) received by premature infants ≤32 weeks from diagnostic studies performed throughout their NICU stay, and predictors of exposures. Read More

J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2021 Apr 2. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.

Background: Micro-premature newborns, gestational age (GA) <  25 weeks, have high rates of mortality and morbidity. Literature has shown improving outcomes for extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs) GA <  29 weeks, but few studies have addressed outcomes of ELGANs <  25 weeks.

Objective: To evaluate the trends in outcomes for ELGANs born in New Jersey, from 2000 to 2018 and to compare two subgroups: GA 23 to 25 weeks (E1) and GA 26 to 29 weeks (E2). Read More

Public Health Nutr 2021 Apr 12:1-26. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.

Objective: To establish optimal gestational weight gain (GWG) in Chinese pregnant women by Chinese-specific body mass index (BMI) categories and compare the new recommendations with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 guidelines.

Design: Multicenter, prospective cohort study. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and the predicted probabilities of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2021 Apr 12:1-25. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005Porto, Portugal.

Objective: To assess the longitudinal association between parental body mass index (BMI) and offspring´s BMI, in EPACI Portugal 2012.

Design: Longitudinal study with retrospective collection of children's anthropometry data since birth. Children's anthropometric data were gathered from individual child health bulletins and parents' anthropometrics were self-reported. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 Apr 11:1-5. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.

Objective: Pregnancy is generally known to be a period when physical activity is partially or totally restricted to avoid negative outcomes such as miscarriage or premature birth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on maternal and fetal outcomes of exercise in pregnancies complicated by macrosomia.

Material And Method: In this retrospective study, the data were retrospectively screened of women who gave birth at ≥38 weeks with infant birthweight of ≥4000 gr. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 Apr 11:1-5. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

CYMSA Clínica y Maternidad Suizo Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Aim: To report the outcome of pregnant women with a prior pregnancy complicated by placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders treated with resective-conservative surgery at the time of cesarean section.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of pregnant women treated with conservative surgery in the prior pregnancy complicated by PAS disorders. The primary outcome was spontaneous preterm birth with intact membranes or following a preterm labor rupture of the membranes before 37 weeks of gestation. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between second- and third-trimester clavicle length and birth weight and shoulder dystocia.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 181 patients who presented to the Private Etlik Lokman Hekim Hospital for routine pregnancy visits between March 2019 and March 2020. In addition to routine pregnancy examinations, the patients also underwent ultrasonography twice at weeks 20-23 and 33-36 to determine the length of the fetal clavicle. Read More