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J Orthop Trauma 2021 May;35(5):e165-e170

Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Objectives: To evaluate if local delivery of boron can accelerate bone healing and examine if the bioactive salt impacts the osteogenic response of bone-derived osteoclasts and osteoblasts by the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Methods: Bilateral femoral cortical defects were created in 32 skeletally mature C57 mice. On the experimental side, boric acid (8 mg/kg concentration) was injected locally, whereas on the control side, saline was used. Read More

J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020 Dec.;21(12):977-989

Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine-metabolic dysfunction in reproductive-aged women, may be involved in compromised pregnancy and offspring outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal PCOS affects fetal growth, fetal development, and placental features.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 60 pregnant women with PCOS (PCOS group) and 120 healthy pregnant women without PCOS (control group). Read More

Hypertension 2021 Apr 12:HYPERTENSIONAHA12117016. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. (E.S., A.K., I.B., A.N., G.S.S.).

This study aimed to investigate a novel technique for nighttime blood pressure evaluation using a home blood pressure (HBP) monitor in children and adolescents, in terms of association with ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and preclinical organ damage. Children and adolescents (aged 6-18 years) referred for elevated blood pressure were evaluated with ABP (24 hours) and HBP monitoring during daytime (7 days, duplicate morning and evening measurements) and nighttime (automated asleep measurements for 3 nights with 3 hourly measurements/night; Microlife WatchBP Home N). Preclinical organ damage was assessed by echocardiographic left ventricular mass index, carotid intima-media thickness, carotid distensibility coefficient, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Read More

Bone Res 2021 Apr 9;9(1):22. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.

L-plastin (LPL) was identified as a potential regulator of the actin-bundling process involved in forming nascent sealing zones (NSZs), which are precursor zones for mature sealing zones. TAT-fused cell-penetrating small molecular weight LPL peptide (TAT- MARGSVSDEE, denoted as an inhibitory LPL peptide) attenuated the formation of NSZs and impaired bone resorption in vitro in osteoclasts. Also, the genetic deletion of LPL in mice demonstrated decreased eroded perimeters and increased trabecular bone density. Read More

Arthritis Res Ther 2021 Apr 9;23(1):107. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.

Objective: To perform a meta-analysis comparing the structural progression and clinical symptom outcomes as well as adverse events experienced from intra-articular injections of sprifermin compared to a placebo treatment for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Method: We systematically searched the literature for studies that compared long-term outcomes between sprifermin and placebo injections for KOA treatment. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan5. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2021 23;8:643900. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), the most common congenital cardiac anomaly, has been associated with an aortopathy, increased aortic stiffness and diastolic dysfunction. The involved mechanisms and impact of age remain unclear. It was the aim of this study to characterize arterial and cardiac function, their correlation, and the effect of age in children and adults with a history of BAV. Read More

J Bone Miner Metab 2021 Apr 6. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.

Introduction: While bone literature abounds with correlations of mechanical stiffness to mineralization, such correlations are reported without relating the findings to specific intracortical locations. This study reports on mapping of stiffness and mineralization distributions in ring-shaped cortical bone samples sliced from mid-diaphyseal bovine femur. Stiffness and mineralization measurements were conducted at points across the intracortical thickness along radial lines emanating from the inner (endosteal) surface to the outer (periosteal) surface. Read More

Invest Radiol 2021 Mar 12. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

From the Siemens Healthcare AG, Zurich, Switzerland SCMI, Swiss Center for Musculoskeletal Imaging, Balgrist Campus AG, Zurich, Switzerland Radiology, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Siemens Healthcare AG, Erlangen, Germany.

Objectives: Through-slice chemical shift artifacts in state-of-the-art turbo-spin-echo (TSE) images can be significantly more severe at 7 T than at lower field strengths. In musculoskeletal applications, these artifacts appear similar to bone fractures or neoplastic bone marrow disease. The objective of this work was to explore and reduce through-slice chemical shift artifacts in 2-dimensional (2D) TSE imaging at 7 T. Read More

Molecules 2021 Mar 26;26(7). Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of root bark of (ES) on osteoclast differentiation and function in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, we found that ES significantly inhibited the RANKL-induced formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts and osteoclastic bone resorption without cytotoxic effects. ES markedly downregulated the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1); c-Fos; and osteoclast-related marker genes, such as TRAP, osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), calcitonin receptor, cathepsin K, the 38 kDa d2 subunit of the vacuolar H-transporting lysosomal ATPase (Atp6v0d2), dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP), and osteoclast-stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC-STAMP). Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2021 Mar 23;11(3). Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, HUV Macarena, Avda Sánchez Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide and it is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Our aim is to analyze the effect of T2DM on bone quality. This is a case-control study. Read More

Methods Protoc 2021 Mar 1;4(1). Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway.

Physical activity and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) can reduce knee osteoarthritis (KOA) inflammation. We are conducting a randomized placebo-controlled trial to investigate the long-term effectiveness of LLLT combined with strength training (ST) in persons with KOA, since it, to our knowledge, has not been investigated before. Fifty participants were enrolled. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Mar 21;10(6). Epub 2021 Mar 21.

Swiss BioMotion Lab, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine (DAL), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne (CHUV-UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

This study tested for longitudinal changes in femoral cartilage T2 relaxation time and thickness in fast-progressing medial femorotibial osteoarthritis (OA). From the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) database, nineteen knees fulfilled the inclusion criteria, which included medial femorotibial OA and sequential progression from Kellgren-Lawrence grade (KL) 1 to KL2 to KL3 within five years. Median T2 value and mean thickness were calculated for six condylar volumes of interest (VOIs; medial/lateral anterior, central, posterior) and six sub-VOIs (medial/lateral anterior external, central, internal). Read More

Vasa 2021 Apr 1:1-6. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Angiology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.

We carried out this study to evaluate the predictive value of atherosclerosis burden score (ABS) to predict coronary artery disease (CAD) among asymptomatic patients without known cardiovascular disease (CVD), as compared to other imaging or functional techniques, namely coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), and ankle brachial index (ABI). This prospective study included 198 asymptomatic consecutive patients referred for evaluation of their cardiovascular (CV) risk and for therapeutic advice. Traditional CV risk factors, ABS, CAC score, C-IMT, ABI and an ECG-synchronized coronary CT-angiography (CCTA) were performed for each patient. Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021 Mar 31. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence (CiRC2LE), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

Knee 2021 Mar 27;30:1-8. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Background: The relationship between the femoral component design in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the patellofemoral contact force, as well as the soft tissue balance, has not been well reported thus far.

Methods: Twenty-eight mobile-bearing posterior-stabilized (PS) TKAs using the traditional model (PFC Sigma) and 27 mobile-bearing PS TKAs using the latest model (Attune) were included. Surgeries were performed using the measured resection technique assisted with the computed tomography (CT)-based free-hand navigation system. Read More

J Anat 2021 Mar 29. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Structural dynamics of calcified cartilage (CC) are poorly understood. Conventionally, CC structure is analyzed using histological sections. Micro-computed tomography (µCT) allows for three-dimensional (3D) imaging of mineralized tissues; however, the segmentation between bone and mineralized cartilage is challenging. Read More

Pediatr Investig 2021 Mar 22;5(1):6-11. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Department of Non-communicable Disease Management Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University National Center for Children's Health Beijing China.

Importance: Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for lifelong bone mineral accrual, but few studies have determined the impact of childhood adiposity on adult bone density.

Objective: To determine the long-term impact of childhood adiposity on adult areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and the effect of adult adiposity on this relationship.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study of 1156 adults (56. Read More

Front Surg 2021 11;8:606038. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is widely performed to improve mobility and quality of life for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis patients. The accurate prediction of patients' length of hospital stay (LOS) can help clinicians for rehabilitation decision-making and bed assignment planning, which thus makes full use of medical resources. Clinical characteristics were retrospectively collected from 1,298 patients who received TKA. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021 11;12:649952. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: Hip structural analysis (HSA) is a method for evaluating bone geometry reflecting bone structural and biomechanical properties. However, tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) treatment effects on HSA have not been investigated.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of TSEC treatment on hip geometry in postmenopausal Korean women. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2021 Mar 25;138:111473. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To explore the mechanical stability of unstable pertrochanteric fractures with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA-Ⅱ) fixation under different anteromedial cortical support reduction patterns.

Methods: A 65-year-old healthy male volunteer with no history of hip or systemic disease was recruited. High-resolution computed tomography images with a slice thickness of 0. Read More

High Alt Med Biol 2021 Mar 26. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Orthopedic Research Lab, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Bromer, Frederik Duch, Mikkel Bo Brent, Michael Pedersen, Jesper Skovhus Thomsen, Annemarie Brüel, and Casper Bindzus Foldager. The effect of normobaric intermittent hypoxia therapy on bone in normal and disuse osteopenic mice. 00:000-000, 2021. Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021 Mar 20. Epub 2021 Mar 20.

First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Joint Rheumatology Program, Laiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Objective: An interplay between thrombo-inflammatory and atherogenic mechanisms is recognized in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis (CVD) in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Herein, we examine associations of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a pro-inflammatory cytokine identified as potent CVD risk biomarker in the general population, with subclinical atherosclerosis in APS.

Methods: We measured plasma GDF-15 levels by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (cut-off 1200 pg/mL) and examined carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the presence of carotid and femoral plaques using vascular ultrasound in 80 patients with APS (44 primary, 36 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)/APS) and 40 healthy controls. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2021 Feb 22;9(2):2325967120973195. Epub 2021 Feb 22.

Twin Cities Orthopedics, Edina, Minnesota, USA.

Background: The posterior meniscofemoral ligament (pMFL) of Wrisberg attaches to the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus and the lateral intercondylar aspect of the medial femoral condyle and passes posteriorly to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). The pMFL plays a role in recovery after PCL injuries and offers stability to the lateral meniscus, promoting normal knee function.

Purpose/hypothesis: The aim of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arm of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the pMFL in Polish patients. Read More

J Arthroplasty 2021 Feb 27. Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Joint Implant Surgeons, Inc., New Albany, OH; Mount Carmel Health System, New Albany, OH.

Background: The thickness of the polyethylene bearing in medial unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) is determined by the depth of the tibial resection, degree of correctable deformity, and balance of the knee. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether polyethylene thickness in medial mobile-bearing UKA impacts clinical outcomes and survivorship.

Methods: A retrospective review from 2004 to 2017 identified patients who underwent a primary mobile-bearing medial UKA with 2-year minimum follow-up or revision. Read More

Zoo Biol 2021 Mar 19. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

Biological resource banks represent valuable tools for the conservation of species vulnerable to extinction, such as the jaguar. Cryobanks of skins have the potential to safeguard rare genotypes, allowing the potential exploitation of biological samples in animal multiplication technologies and the study of genetic variability. Determination of the most suitable skin regions for tissue conservation can help increase the efficiency of cryobanks and the storage of biological samples. Read More

Bone 2021 Mar 16;147:115918. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Irradiation therapy causes bone deterioration and increased risk for skeletal-related events. Irradiation interferes with trabecular architecture through increased osteoclastic activity, decreased osteoblastic activity, and increased adipocyte expansion in the bone marrow (BM), which further compounds bone-related disease. Neutralizing antibodies to sclerostin (Scl-Ab) increase bone mass and strength by increasing bone formation and reducing bone resorption. Read More

Sci Prog 2021 Jan-Mar;104(1):368504211000515

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.

As the efficacy of chemotherapy and adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer increase, the quality-of-life to cancer survivors could be more important issue in strategies of breast cancer treatment. Bone health has become more compelling in care of breast cancer survivor than ever before. This retrospective study was aimed to evaluate factors relating to the change in BMD and to ascertain the correlation between changes in BMD and EMT of women with breast cancer in follow-up. Read More

Bone Joint Res 2021 Mar;10(3):192-202

Experimental Surgery of the Musculoskeletal System Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia.

Aims: The present study investigates the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel without adjunct to induce cartilage regeneration in large osteochondral defects in a rabbit model.

Methods: A bilateral osteochondral defect was created in the femoral trochlear groove of 14 New Zealand white rabbits. The right knees were filled with PRP gel and the contralateral knees remained untreated and served as control sides. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Mar 16. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Context: Men with Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (CHH) and Kallmann syndrome (KS) have both low circulating testosterone and estradiol levels. Whether bone structure is affected remains unknown.

Objective: To characterize bone geometry, volumetric density and microarchitecture in CHH/KS. Read More

Hip Int 2021 Mar 15:1120700021997060. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Avon Orthopaedic Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.

Introduction: Hip resurfacing remains a valid option in young male patients. The creation of the optimum cement mantle aids fixation of the femoral component. If the cement mantle is too thick the prosthesis can remain proud leading to early failure or if it penetrates too far into the femoral head, it may cause osteonecrosis. Read More