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Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2021 Apr 2;71:1-10. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Canada.

Objective: Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suffer significant distress due to their condition; however, there can be multiple barriers to treatment. Even following OCD-tailored treatment, symptoms often remain. Exercise may be an effective and available approach to managing OCD, and yet, there are no specifically dedicated reviews, limiting integration into clinical practice. Read More

Lancet Respir Med 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, INSERM UMRS_1166-ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France.

Background: In the Île-de-France region (henceforth termed Greater Paris), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was considered early in the COVID-19 pandemic. We report ECMO network organisation and outcomes during the first wave of the pandemic.

Methods: In this multicentre cohort study, we present an analysis of all adult patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe ARDS requiring ECMO who were admitted to 17 Greater Paris intensive care units between March 8 and June 3, 2020. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga. IBIMA; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM).

Background: Gestational diabetes not properly controlled with diet has been commonly treated with insulin. In recent years several studies have published that metformin can lead to, at least, similar obstetrical and perinatal outcomes as insulin. Nevertheless, not all clinical guidelines endorse its use, and clinical practice is heterogeneous. Read More

Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2021 Jan-Mar;33(1):75-81

Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Emile Muller, Groupe Hospitalier de la Région de Mulhouse et Sud-Alsace - Alsace - Mulhouse, France.

Objective: To detect early respiratory and hemodynamic instability to characterize pulmonary impairment in patients with severe COVID-19.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data collected from COVID-19 patients suffering from acute respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. We used transpulmonary thermodilution assessment with a PiCCO™ device. Read More

Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2021 Jan-Mar;33(1):48-67

Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos General San Martín - La Plata, Argentina.

Objective: To propose agile strategies for a comprehensive approach to analgesia, sedation, delirium, early mobility and family engagement for patients with COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome, considering the high risk of infection among health workers, the humanitarian treatment that we must provide to patients and the inclusion of patients' families, in a context lacking specific therapeutic strategies against the virus globally available to date and a potential lack of health resources.

Methods: A nonsystematic review of the scientific evidence in the main bibliographic databases was carried out, together with national and international clinical experience and judgment. Finally, a consensus of recommendations was made among the members of the Committee for Analgesia, Sedation and Delirium of the Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva. Read More

Anesth Analg 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Division of Pediatric Anesthesia, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX and Children's Health, Dallas, TX.

Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality among adults. The incidence and severity of anesthetic complications in children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unknown. We hypothesized that there would be an increased incidence of intra- and postoperative complications in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection as compared to those with negative testing. Read More

Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 induces a cytokine storm and can cause inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in the lungs, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is the leading reason for the mortality and morbidity the associated to COVID-19, and the cytokine storm is a prominent etiological factor. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are an alternative therapy for management of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions because of their immunosuppressive properties. Read More

J Addict Dis 2021 Apr 22:1-8. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Psychiatry, Araba University Hospital (OSI Araba), Osakidetza (Basque Health Service), Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain).

Background: Cannabis Withdrawal Syndrome (CWS) is a key feature of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD). The CWS causes significant distress and disability. While the relationship between CUD and psychosis has been extensively studied, the potential connection between CWS and psychosis has not received as much attention. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2021 May;27(3):296-302

Department of General Surgery, Healts Sciences University, Bakirköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Resarch Hospital, İstanbul-Turkey.

Background: The purpose of the study was to review the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) in elderly patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC), high comorbidity, and COVID-19.

Methods: The hospital registry data were examined of patients aged >65 years who were diagnosed with ACC and COVID-19 between March 2020 and June 2020 and who underwent PC treatment in the interventional radiology unit.

Results: A total of 18 patients were diagnosed with ACC and COVID-19, then underwent PC. Read More

J Rehabil Med Clin Commun 2020 20;3:1000044. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.

Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome, characterized by dyspnoea and arterial desaturation while upright, is a rare complication of acute respiratory distress syndrome. We report here 2 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, who were diagnosed with platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome during commencement of rehabilitation, 18 and 9 days respectively after admission to the intensive care unit. Both patients presented with normocapnic hypoxaemia. Read More

Iran J Parasitol 2020 Oct-Dec;15(4):608-614

Department of Environmental Sciences, Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an emergent public health concern, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Reports of pregnancy complications are scarce; however, as the endemic range of CL expands in Iran, there is concern of possible detrimental effects on fetal development amongst infected mothers through placental transmission of the parasite or enhanced maternal immune responses. We herein describe the first known case of persistent anthroponotic CL, plausibly responsible for pregnancy complications, preterm birth, and neonatal death in a healthy Iranian primigravida woman. Read More

Skelet Muscle 2021 Apr 21;11(1):10. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Bangladesh Specialized Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: SARS-CoV2 virus could be potentially myopathic. Serum creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) is frequently found elevated in severe SARS-CoV2 infection, which indicates skeletal muscle damage precipitating limb weakness or even ventilatory failure.

Case Presentation: We addressed such a patient in his forties presented with features of severe SARS-CoV2 pneumonia and high serum CPK. Read More

Expert Rev Respir Med 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India.

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often leads to mortality. Outcomes of patients with COVID-19-related ARDS compared to ARDS unrelated to COVID-19 have not been well characterized.

Areas Covered: We performed a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and MedRxiv 11/1/2019 to 3/1/2021, including studies comparing outcomes in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS (COVID-19 group) and ARDS unrelated to COVID-19 (ARDS group). Read More

Ann Pharmacother 2021 Apr 22:10600280211010751. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Houston Methodist Hospital, TX, USA.

Objective: To describe clinically pertinent challenges of managing sedation in COVID-19 patients on venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) and describe considerations for enhanced safety and efficacy of pharmacological agents used.

Data Sources: A PubMed search was performed using the following search terms: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .

Study Selection And Data Extraction: Relevant clinical and pharmacokinetic studies were considered. Read More

Matern Child Health J 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil.

Background: Resilience is a dynamic process influenced by life circumstances. This study evaluated the association between resilience and anxiety, depressive symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) of mothers of children with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS).

Method: This was a cross-sectional study including 31 mothers of children with CZS assisted in rehabilitation centers in Sergipe state, Northeast Brazil, an endemic area for Zika virus (ZIKV). Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 17;13(3):e13958. Epub 2021 Mar 17.

Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Mohamed I University, Oujda, MAR.

During the course of this year, scientific research has revolved around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with much uncertainty surrounding its pathogenesis, complications, and mortality as well as limited pediatric evidence. The exact relationship between COVID-19 and new-onset type 1 diabetes, especially in children, remains an unresolved issue. Our case exhibited a unique presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) triggering COVID-19 diagnosis at this age. Read More

Int J Pept Res Ther 2021 Apr 16:1-9. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 5715799313, Urmia, Iran.

The current COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most devastating events in recent history. The respiratory effects of this disease include acute respiratory distress syndrome, systemic inflammation, cytokine storm, and pulmonary fibrosis. Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, is a peptide hormone secreted mainly by the stomach. Read More

J Inflamm Res 2021 12;14:1375-1385. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China.

Introduction: Alveolar macrophages that regulate the inflammatory response in lungs are the main target cell for the treatment of inflammatory pulmonary pathologies, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Yolk sac derived alveolar resident macrophages play an important role in the pulmonary inflammatory response. With regards to anti-inflammatory actions, lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has been identified as an inflammatory "braking signal". Read More

Aging (Albany NY) 2021 Apr 20;13. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experienced an outbreak that expanded worldwide. Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), which is used effectively for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus infections, was applied for COVID-19 treatment given similarities in the molecular structures of these viruses. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir antiviral treatment in patients with SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Read More

Injury 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Orthopedic Trauma Service, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; Orthopedic Department, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address:

Background: Treatment of polytrauma patients with femoral shaft fracture has changed considerably during the past few decades. A transition from early total care (ETC) to "Damage Control" Orthopaedics (DCO) in selected patients was proposed in order to decrease mortality. The aim of the study was to investigate whether this policy change resulted in improved patient outcome. Read More

Psicothema 2021 May;33(2):214-221

University of Granada.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome that is accompanied by notable psychological distress. However, little research has been done on how the psychopathological profile of FM patients may influence their functional status.

Method: Using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised the study examined the psychopathological dimensions of 181 women with FM, and the role of psychopathology as a moderator of the relationship between physical symptoms and impairment of functioning. Read More

Crit Care 2021 04 20;25(1):150. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Usually, arterial oxygenation in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) improves substantially by increasing the level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Herein, we are proposing a novel variable [PaO/(FiOxPEEP) or P/FP] for PEEP ≥ 5 to address Berlin's definition gap for ARDS severity by using machine learning (ML) approaches.

Methods: We examined P/FP values delimiting the boundaries of mild, moderate, and severe ARDS. Read More

Stroke 2021 Apr 21:STROKEAHA120032150. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Dvision of Stroke, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. (M.C.J., M.N.B.).

Background And Purpose: Stroke may complicate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection based on clinical hypercoagulability. We investigated whether transcranial Doppler ultrasound has utility for identifying microemboli and clinically relevant cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFVs) in COVID-19.

Methods: We performed transcranial Doppler for a consecutive series of patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection admitted to 2 intensive care units at a large academic center including evaluation for microembolic signals. Read More

Travel Med Infect Dis 2021 Apr 17:102064. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya. Electronic address:

Background: The first case of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Libya was diagnosed in March 2020. We aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of COVID-19 in Libya.

Method: In this retrospective descriptive study, we analyzed the demographics, initial clinical presentation, history, comorbidities, laboratory findings, complications, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at several centers in the Western part of Libya between March 24, 2020, and December 3, 2020. Read More

AACN Adv Crit Care 2021 Apr 22:e1-e10. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Xianghong Sean Wang is Senior Data Analyst, Patient Care Services Quality, Safety & Practice, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objective: As intensive care unit bed capacity doubled due to COVID-19 cases, nursing leaders created a prone team to support labor-intensive prone positioning of patients with COVID-related acute respiratory distress syndrome. The goal of the prone team was to reduce workload on intensive care teams, standardize the proning process, mitigate pressure injuries and turning-related adverse events, and ensure prone team safety.

Methods: Staff were trained using a hybrid learning model focused on prone-positioning techniques, pressure injury prevention, and turning-related adverse events. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021 Apr;25(7):2949-2957

Unit of Medical Genetics, "Madonna delle Grazie" Hospital, Matera, Italy.

Objective: Array-CGH is a powerful tool in identifying and characterizing complex genomic rearrangements smaller than 5-10 megabase (Mb), for which classical cytogenetic approaches are not sensitive enough. The use of Array-CGH has increased of 10-20% the detection rate of unbalanced cryptic rearrangements, such as deletions and/or duplications.

Patients And Methods: We present here the first report of a patient with 7q35q36. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA, 01610, USA.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of single-stranded noncoding and endogenous RNA molecules with a length of 18-25 nucleotides. Previous work has shown that miR-124-3p leads to malignant progression of cancer including cell apoptosis, migration, invasion, drug resistance, and also recovers neural function, affects adipogenic differentiation, facilitates wound healing through control of various target genes. miR-124-3p has been mainly previously characterized as a tumor suppressor regulating tumorigenesis and progression in several cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gastric cancer (GC), bladder cancer, ovarian cancer (OC), and leukemia, as a tumor promotor in breast cancer (BC), and it has been also widely studied in a variety of neurological diseases, like Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and cardiovascular diseases, ulcerative colitis (UC), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Read More

Future Cardiol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.

COVID-19 infection primarily causes severe pneumonia complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan failure requiring a ventilator support. We present a case of a 55-year-old male, admitted with COVID-19. He was obese but had no other medical conditions. Read More

Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Maternal and Child Health, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.

Background: Late preterm infants show high rates of adverse perinatal outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the morbidity and mortality of newborns (NBs) with late preterm birth in a reference maternity hospital in northeastern Brazil.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study from March 1 to July 15, 2017. Read More

Drugs R D 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, No. 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.

Introduction: Opioids are potent painkillers but can have severe adverse effects in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of fentanyl and morphine use among patients at risk for and with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: We developed a dataset of real-world data to enable the comparison of the effectiveness and safety of opioids and the associated outcomes from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III database and the eICU Collaborative Research Database. Read More