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Rehabilitation (Stuttg) 2021 Apr 15;60(2):124-131. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Deutschland.

Purpose: Childhood cancer often leads to physical and psychosocial burdens that can persist beyond the end of treatment. Family-oriented rehabilitation programs (FOR) focus on long-term consequences and support families in returning to daily life. The objectives of this study were to describe rehabilitation goals and goal attainment, to analyze the relationship between physical functioning and physical well-being and to examine predictors of changes in physical functioning during the FOR. Read More

J Nerv Ment Dis 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Psychiatry, MC A011-04, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.

Background: Patients with psychiatric disorders (as well as general medical conditions) often describe their lives in terms of suffering. Although suffering is honored as a central focus of physicians' concerns, it is not even indexed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition. Generally connoting severe, prolonged distress, suffering can be distinguished from pain, depression, and anxiety. Read More

Placenta 2021 Apr 2;108:91-96. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, And Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain.

Placental-associated diseases account for most cases of adverse perinatal outcome in developing countries. Doppler evaluation has been incorporated as a predictive parameter at early pregnancy for high-risk placental disease, in the diagnosis and management of those fetuses with impaired intrauterine growth and for the evaluation of fetal wellbeing in those high-risk pregnancies. Uterine Doppler at second trimester predicts most instances of early-onset preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Read More

J Psychiatr Res 2021 Mar 29;138:146-154. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address:

Background: Actuarial risk estimates are considered the gold-standard way to assess whether psychiatric patients are likely to commit prospective criminal offenses. However, these risk estimates cannot individually predict the type of criminal offense a patient will subsequently commit, and often simply assess the general likelihood of crime occurring in a group sample. In order to advance the predictive utility of risk assessments, better statistical strategies are required. Read More

Immunobiology 2021 Mar 27;226(3):152087. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Division of Trauma Surgery & Critical Care, JPN Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Electronic address:

Background: Chest trauma causes substantial morbidity and mortality and its severity is assessed using clinical diagnosis or scoring systems like Injury severity score (ISS) and thoracic trauma severity score (TTSS). Association of inflammatory cytokines with severity of disease and final clinical outcome is not clearly defined in patients with chest trauma. In this study, we thought to evaluate the inflammatory response in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in chest trauma patients and correlate the level of extracellular cytokines with diseases severity and final outcome. Read More

Int J Antimicrob Agents 2021 Apr 12:106344. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, P.Le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, German Center for Infection Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Straße 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany;; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Clinical Research Unit for healthcare associated infections, Tübingen, Germany.. Electronic address:

Background: The superiority of combination therapy for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) remains controversial. In vitro models may predict the efficacy of antibiotic regimens against CR-GNB.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed including pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) and time-kill (TK) studies examining in vitro efficacy of antibiotic combinations against CR-GNB. Read More

Am J Kidney Dis 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.

Rationale And Objective: Current recommendations suggest the use of ambulatory-BP-monitoring (ABPM) as the gold-standard for hypertension diagnosis and management in hemodialysis patients. This study assesses the accuracy of peridialytic, intradialytic, and scheduled interdialytic recordings in detecting abnormally elevated 44-h interdialytic BP.

Study Design: Diagnostic test study. Read More

Clin Chim Acta 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, 76000 Rouen, France. Electronic address:

Background: Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LALD, OMIM#278000) is a rare lysosomal disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance. The main clinical manifestations are related to a progressive accumulation of cholesteryl esters, triglycerides or both within the lysosome in different organs such as the liver, spleen, and cardiovascular system. A wide range of clinical severity is associated with LALD including a severe very rare antenatal/neonatal/infantile phenotype named Wolman disease and a late-onset form named cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD). Read More

PLoS One 2021 15;16(4):e0250101. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: Monocyte distribution width (MDW) has been suggested as an early biomarker of sepsis, but few studies have compared MDW with conventional biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT). This study evaluated MDW as a biomarker for sepsis and compared it with CRP and PCT.

Materials And Methods: Patients aged 18-80 years who visited the emergency department were screened and prospectively enrolled in a tertiary medical center. Read More

PLoS One 2021 15;16(4):e0249399. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.

Objective: The chest X-ray (CXR) is the most readily available and common imaging modality for the assessment of pneumonia. However, detecting pneumonia from chest radiography is a challenging task, even for experienced radiologists. An artificial intelligence (AI) model might help to diagnose pneumonia from CXR more quickly and accurately. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021 Mar;30(3):429-431

Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, Rockville, Maryland.

Intraductal assessment of the breast holds the potential to provide useful information regarding breast cancer risk assessment, early diagnosis, and/or response to therapy. Intraductal assessment can be through imaging (ductography), direct visualization (mammary ductoscopy), or evaluation of the intraductal fluid collected. The most common nonradiologic approaches to intraductal assessment that provide intraductal fluid for evaluation include breast nipple aspiration fluid (NAF), spontaneous nipple discharge (SND), mammary ductoscopy, and ductal lavage. Read More

IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021 Apr 15;PP. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Cognitive impairment in the elderly causes a significant decline in the quality of life and a substantial economic burden on society. Yet, diagnosing cognitive impairment is apt to be missed or delayed due to its assessment being laborious. This study aimed to propose a new approach of classifying the risk of cognitive impairment in the elderly using sequential gait characteristics and machine learning techniques. Read More

Am Surg 2021 Apr 15:31348211011095. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.

Background: The liver-to-spleen signal intensity ratio (LSR) on magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid has been used as a parameter to assess liver function. LSR of the future remnant liver region (FR-LSR) is included in preoperative assessment of regional liver function. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictability of post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) by FR-LSR. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2021 Apr 15:3635465211003300. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Shoulder, Elbow and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Sonnenhof Orthopaedics, Bern, Switzerland.

Background: Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) injuries are common. Despite this, it remains unclear how best to assess, classify, and manage these cases. A simple, reliable, valid, and accurate radiographic parameter to measure ACJ displacement would allow improved consistency of diagnosis and subsequent treatment pathways. Read More

Personal Disord 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Departament de Psicologia Clinica i de la Salut.

The present study examined the associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy dimensions assessed by the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale with 5 interview-rated personality disorder diagnoses and traits in 151 young adults. As hypothesized, all 3 schizotypy dimensions were associated with impaired functioning. Positive schizotypy was associated with schizotypal and borderline personality traits; negative schizotypy was associated with schizotypal, schizoid, paranoid, and avoidant personality traits; and disorganized schizotypy was associated with paranoid, borderline, and avoidant personality disorder traits. Read More

J Echocardiogr 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Hondoh, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.

Over the past several years, a novel ultrasound imaging modality termed superb microvascular imaging (SMI) has enabled visualization of microvessels. SMI ultrasound studies of peripheral artery diseases have significantly extended our knowledge of tissue microcirculation and the arterial microenvironments of atherosclerotic lesions. We here present an overview of current knowledge on the utility of SMI assessment of vascular diseases and highlight certain peripheral microcirculation disorders for which SMI is particularly valuable. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China.

Objectives: To identify image features of macrotrabecular-massive (MTM) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to determine its role in predicting MTM-HCC.

Methods: Patients who underwent preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and with surgery proven HCC were retrospectively included. Imaging features were assessed according to Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, South Korea.

Objectives: To identify independent imaging and histopathologic factors that affect washout appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in CT images.

Methods: This retrospective study included 264 patients who had undergone surgical resection for treatment-naïve single HCC between January 2014 and December 2015 and had available preoperative multiphasic CT images. Two reviewers evaluated the CT imaging features of HCC using LI-RADS v2018. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Cross-sectional imaging with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely performed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to assess tumor response to locoregional therapy (LRT). Current response assessment algorithms, such as the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) treatment response algorithm (TRA), allow assessment using conventional gadolinium-based extracellular contrast agents (ECA) for accurate tumor response assessment following LRT. MRI with hepatobiliary agents (HBA) allows an acquisition of hepatobiliary phase (HBP), which is proven to increase sensitivity for detection of observations in at-risk patients, particularly for findings < 2 cm. Read More

Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Objective: To investigate the differential ability of the "Test Relaties Abstracte Concepten" (TRACE), a Dutch test for abstract semantic knowledge, in frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

Methods: The TRACE was administered in patients with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD; n = 16), nonfluent variant (nfvPPA; n = 10), logopenic variant (lvPPA; n = 10), and semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA; n = 9), and controls (n = 59). We examined group differences, performed correlational analyses with other neuropsychological tests and investigated discriminative ability. Read More

J Comp Eff Res 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, China.

Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has long been the standard treatment for patients with severe aortic stenosis in China, but the costs of SAVR from a hospital perspective in China have not been thoroughly researched. Currently, diagnosis-related groups in China are based on historical expenses that are closely related to the unit charges set by the official pricing department and are frequently inaccurate compared with actual resource consumption. Through a retrospective empirical study on the costs and charges of SAVR cases in a tertiary hospital, this study aimed to compare the costs and charges of service items. Read More

FP Essent 2021 Apr;503:11-17

University of Michigan Medical School Department of Urology, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5330.

Prostate cancer is the second most common nondermatologic cancer in males in the United States. The median age at diagnosis is 66 years and median age at death is 80 years, with most patients diagnosed between ages 55 and 74 years. Black men are at greatest risk of developing and dying of prostate cancer. Read More

Korean J Radiol 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the pooled agreements of the coronary artery calcium (CAC) severities assessed by electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated and non-ECG-gated CT and evaluate the impact of the scan parameters.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched. A modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Read More

J Magn Reson Imaging 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Background: In archived diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies, a reversed-phase encoding (PE) scan required to correct the distortion in single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) may not have been acquired. Furthermore, DTI tractography is adversely affected by incorrect white matter segmentation due to leukoencephalopathy (LE). All these issues need to be addressed. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Objectives: Pathological invasion level of extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is strongly related with its risk staging, treatment, and prognosis. However, the current evaluation before treatments fails to evaluate pathological invasion level of EMPD. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) may play a key role to solve this problem. Read More

Oncol Nurs Forum 2021 05;48(3):291-307

Virginia Commonwealth University.

Problem Identification: Although frailty is an important parameter in treatment planning and in predicting prognosis and overall survival among patients with hematologic malignancies and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, frailty assessment tools are not standardized in clinical care settings. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the literature on frailty assessment tools in these patient populations.

Literature Search: A systematic search of CINAHL®, Embase®, MEDLINE®, PubMed®, and Web of Science was performed using keywords and controlled vocabulary for the concepts "bone marrow transplants," "hematologic neoplasms," and "frailty. Read More

J Hum Nutr Diet 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Nutrition & Dietetics, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, QLD, Australia.

Background: Little is known about the nutritional care provided to patients who develop hospital acquired malnutrition (HAM). The present study aimed to describe the quality of nutritional care provided to patients who developed HAM and determine whether this differed by length of stay (LOS).

Methods: A retrospective medical records audit was conducted on adults with LOS > 14 days across five Australian public hospitals from July 2015 to January 2019 who were clinically assessed to have HAM. Read More

Drug Alcohol Rev 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Service d'Addictologie Universitaire, Hôpital Édouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.

Introduction: Several questionnaires have been developed for screening cannabis use disorder in clinical populations, but very few studies have compared the screening abilities of the different instruments. Here, we aimed to confirm the psychometric properties of a French version of the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R), and to compare its screening abilities with those of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST), in subjects consulting in mental health settings.

Methods: Two hundred and thirteen cannabis smokers who sought treatment for any type of mental disorder, recruited in four French centres, completed the French CUDIT-R (CUDIT-R-Fr) and the full version of the CAST, and were assessed for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria of cannabis use disorder by an addiction specialist. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Apr 15;4:CD013346. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs mostly in people with chronic liver disease and ranks sixth in terms of global instances of cancer, and fourth in terms of cancer deaths for men. Despite that abdominal ultrasound (US) is used as an initial test to exclude the presence of focal liver lesions and serum alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) measurement may raise suspicion of HCC occurrence, further testing to confirm diagnosis as well as staging of HCC is required. Current guidelines recommend surveillance programme using US, with or without AFP, to detect HCC in high-risk populations despite the lack of clear benefits on overall survival. Read More