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Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2021 Feb 26;2021. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Department of Endocrinology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan.

Summary: Ammonium acid urate (AAU) crystals are rare in industrialized countries. Furthermore, the number of children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) who develop severe acute kidney injury (AKI) after hospitalization is small. We encountered two patients with AKI caused by AAU crystals during the recovery phase of DKA upon admission. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021 Apr 9;15(3):823-827. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Previous studies suggest that body composition and handgrip strength are significantly altered in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Only few studies are available in prediabetic individuals. The aim is to study the change in body composition in adult individuals with prediabetes and compare it with age and sex-matched normoglycemic individuals. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. DR represents the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, and its incidence is constantly rising. The complex interactions between inflammation, oxidative stress, and the production of free oxygen radicals caused by prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia determine the development of DR. Read More

Metabolism 2021 Apr 14:154770. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), one of the most common liver diseases, is rising. About 25% of adults worldwide are probably affected by NAFLD. Insulin resistance (IR) and fat accumulation in the liver are strongly related. Read More

Genes Genomics 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with chronic hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism. A previous genome-wide association study revealed the TOMM40-APOE region as novel locus for T2DM susceptibility.

Objective: This association study was conducted to determine the genetic effects of APOE single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on T2DM susceptibility and lipid profiles in a Korean population. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.

Dyslipidemia is being identified as the most important factors of several health problems, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are always grouped together as cardio-metabolic disorder diseases. Consistently, dyslipidemia has become one of the most rising crisis of general health. Recently, it is worth noting that both genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and experimental research are being taken advantage to elucidate the potential genetic mechanisms of dyslipidemia and to identify new gene loci which contribute to the development of cardio-metabolic disorder diseases. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 Apr 16:e14228. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

The School of Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK.

Introduction: The approach to thyroid hormone replacement varies across centres but the extent and determinants of variation is unclear. We evaluated geographical variation in levothyroxine (LT4) and liothyronine (LT3) prescribing across General Practices in England and analysed the relationship of prescribing patterns to clinical and socioeconomic factors.

Methods: Data was downloaded from the NHS monthly General Practice Prescribing Data in England for the period 2011-2020. Read More

Aust Dent J 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Centre of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, UniversitiTeknologi Mara (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease characterised by hyperglycaemia resulted from defects in insulin secretion or action, or both. Various studies have reported on the bidirectional relationship between DM and periodontal disease. A systematic search of the literature was performed in several databases, EBSCO Medline Complete, PubMed, Science Direct and a manual search for articles from 2000 until 2019. Read More

BMJ Qual Saf 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

J Investig Med 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Clinical Pathology, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt

This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum and urinary netrin-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at different stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to compare its efficacy of estimation in serum with that in the urine. This study was carried out on 135 patients with T2DM and 45 healthy subjects. The patients with diabetes were divided according to urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) into: T2DM with normoalbuminuria, incipient DN with microalbuminuria, and overt DN with macroalbuminuria groups. Read More

BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021 Apr;9(1)

Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.

Prim Care Diabetes 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: We sought to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-DM and their associated factors among a sample of the Iranian urban population between 2017 and 2019.

Methods: The present investigation is a sub-study on the HAMRAH cohort study, a longitudinal population-based cohort study to assess the 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases and their related risk factors in the adult population of the Iranian capital, Tehran. Via a multistage cluster randomized sampling method, 2123 adults aged between 30 and 75 years who had no history of cardiovascular diseases were selected for the study. Read More

Cytokine 2021 Apr 13:155521. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Science Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.

Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate the cytokine levels in pediatric chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) patients and compare these with other immune-mediated diseases and healthy controls.

Methods: In this prospective study, we included 42 children with CNO, 28 patients with non-systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 17 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 30 healthy age-matched controls. In each of the CNO patients and comparison groups, the levels of 14-3-3-η protein, S100A8/A9 protein, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA assay. Read More

Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021 Apr 16;19(1):124. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Nursing, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia.

Background: It is well known that diabetes mellitus (DM) affects health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in both younger (aged 18-64 years) and older adults (aged ≥ 65 years). However, to date, no study has compared HRQOL and its predictors between younger and older adults with DM in Indonesia. Such a comparison is important because the results can guide nurses and clinicians to establish evidence-based educational programs that are specific and suitable for patients. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2021 Apr 13;139:111576. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Bioactive Molecules and Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development & Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address:

Diabetes mellitus or type-2 diabetes, commonly referred as diabetes, is a metabolic disorder that results in high blood sugar level. Despite the availability of several antidiabetic drugs in the market, they still do not adequately regulate blood sugar levels. Thus, in general people prefer to use herbal supplements/medicines along with antidiabetic drugs to control blood sugar levels. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021 Apr 13;557:97-103. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; Seiwakai Muta Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.

Understanding of the mechanism of adipogenesis is essential for the control of obesity, which predisposes toward numerous health problems. High-mobility group box protein 2 (HMGB2) is a non-histone chromosomal protein that facilitates DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and repair. Here, we studied the role of HMGB2 in adipogenic differentiation. Read More

Diabetes Metab 2021 Apr 13:101252. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, South Korea. Electronic address:

Aim: Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease prevalent in diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontitis and poor oral hygiene as independent risk factors for either cerebral or myocardial infarction in the diabetes population.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 17,009 patients with diabetes who had participated in a nationwide health-screening programme, including oral health examination, during 2002-2003 in South Korea. Read More

Drug Discov Today 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address:

Current therapeutic approaches for diabetes are focused on improving glycemic control to prevent diabetes-related complications, but such approached are not completely successful. Decoy technologies such as decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and decoy peptides have emerged as therapeutic tools in diabetes. Decoy ODNs carry a DNA recognition motif for the binding of transcription factors in order to trap them and block their effects, whereas decoy peptides mimic the binding structure of the receptor protein, bind to the docking site of the target ligand, and prevent the interaction of the ligand and receptor. Read More

Drug Discov Today 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India. Electronic address:

Diabetes and cardiorenal comorbidities are major global health concerns, with high economic burdens and mortality rates. Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are novel US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antihyperglycemics with unexpected protective potential against cardiorenal diseases in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite initial concerns, the incidence of episodes of acute kidney injury (AKI) was significantly lower in patients taking SGLT2i compared with other therapies or placebo. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021 Apr 13:108816. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, UK. Electronic address:

Evolution in medicine is generally driven by clinical need, hand in hand with opportunities generated by novel chemical and mechanical engineering technologies. Since 1921 that has been a continuing paradigm for insulin therapy, some advances being a continual process, and others arising from external scientific or engineering developments. Purification of insulin preparations was an early issue, resolved in the 1970s, then challenged by the switch to manufacture in microorganisms. Read More

Front Neuroendocrinol 2021 Apr 13:100915. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, NO. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NO. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, NO. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China. Electronic address:

Neuroimaging studies have identified brain structural and functional alterations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients; however, there is no systematic information on the relations between abnormalities in these two domains. We conducted a multimodal meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry and regional resting-state functional MRI studies in T2DM, including fifteen structural datasets (693 patients and 684 controls) and sixteen functional datasets (378 patients and 358 controls). We found, in patients with T2DM compared to controls, conjoint decreased regional gray matter volume (GMV) and altered intrinsic activity mainly in the default mode network including bilateral superior temporal gyrus/Rolandic operculum, left middle and inferior temporal gyrus, and left supramarginal gyrus; decreased GMV alone in the limbic system; and functional abnormalities alone in the cerebellum, insula, and visual cortex. Read More

Rev Chil Pediatr 2020 Dec 16;91(6):968-981. Epub 2020 Nov 16.

Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a chronic disease.

Objective: To identify scientific evidence on the impact of DM1 on the quality of life of adolescents with this disease.

Method: Sys tematic review in the bibliographic databases MEDLINE, LILACS, CINAHL, and ScIELO, using the following descriptors: "Adolescent *", "Teen *", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type1", "Diabetes, type 1", "Type 1 diabetes", "Quality of life", "Health related quality of life", "Life quality", "Health impact assessment", "Health impact", "Impact assessment, health", "Diabetes Impact Measurement Scales", "PedsQL", "Glycated Hemoglobin A1c", "Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c", and "HbA1c". Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2021 ;1308:161-183

Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Diabetes is a major health problem affecting more than four hundred million adults worldwide. The transition from normal glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes (T2D) is preceded by increased Insulin resistance (IR), an independent predictor of the development of T2D in high risk (e.g. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2021 ;1308:25-35

Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem with increasing prevalence among overweight and obese patients. It is strongly associated with conditions of insulin resistance including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. It has detrimental consequences ranged from simple steatosis to irreversible hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Read More

Eur Geriatr Med 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu-shi, Aichi-ken, Japan.

Purpose: To examine the relationship of diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) with diabetes and age-related complications in older patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: We examined 562 outpatients with diabetes, aged ≥ 65 years, for DFD. The variables collected in this study were demographics, DM-related complications, treatment method, and age-related complications. Read More

Clin Res Cardiol 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Heart Center, Segeberger Kliniken GmbH, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Universities of Kiel, Lübeck, and Hamburg, Am Kurpark 1, 23795, Bad Segeberg, Germany.

Objective: To compare Orsiro biodegradable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stent (Orsiro BP-SES) with durable-polymer everolimus-eluting stent (DP-EES) regarding target lesion failure (TLF) after rotational atherectomy (RA), with a focus on small stents (diameter ≤ 3 mm) where Orsiro BP-SES has 60 µm strut thickness, while DP-EES remains with 81 µm strut thickness.

Background: New-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) is superior to early-generation DES in all percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) settings including RA. Recently, the Orsiro BP-SES was superior to a DP-EES in an all comer's population. Read More

J Anesth 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hallym University School of Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, 77 Sakju-ro, Chuncheon, 24253, South Korea.

Purpose: We analyzed the effectiveness of insulin for treating hyperkalemia (≥ 5 mEq/L) during anesthesia and the effects of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and diabetes mellitus (DM) on the insulin treatment.

Methods: Patients 18 years of age and older who received intravenous insulin lispro for hyperkalemia under general anesthesia between January 2010 and March 2020 were enrolled. We performed three propensity score matching analyses according to eGFR stages (eGFR ≥ 60 vs. Read More

Doc Ophthalmol 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate whether abnormal retinal microcirculation correlates with retinal neuronal changes in untreated diabetic eyes without macular edema.

Methods: This study enrolled 29 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR), 18 patients with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), 15 patients with moderate NPDR, 14 patients with severe NPDR, 27 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and 25 healthy control subjects. Pattern electroretinography (PERG) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) tests were performed. Read More

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the quantitative efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using model-based meta-analysis (MBMA).

Methods: Literatures were retrieved from the public database and data from these trials were extracted. The quantitative efficacy of L-carnitine on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were evaluated by maximal effect (E) models with nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM). Read More

Diabetes Ther 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Lilly Spain, Avenida de la Industria 30, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain.

Introduction: This study aimed to describe utilization patterns, persistence, resource utilization and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in routine clinical practice in Spain.

Methods: This retrospective study of medical records in the Big-Pac database identified adults starting treatment with once-weekly (QW) dulaglutide, exenatide-QW or once-daily liraglutide between 1 November 2015 and 30 June 2017. Patients were followed for up to 18 months from treatment initiation. Read More