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Parasitol Int 2021 Apr 17:102359. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Laboratorio de Epidemiologia y Economía Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalación 2800, San Borja. Lima, Peru.

A case of abdominal dioctophymosis in a domestic cat was found in San Juan Bautista district, the Peruvian rainforest, in the Loreto department of Peru. The pet went to a veterinary clinic for a routine ovariohysterectomy during which a large nematode was found in the abdominal cavity. The nematode was morphologically identified as an adult female of Dioctophyme sp. Read More

Neurotoxicology 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India. Electronic address:

Mitochondrial biogenesis relies on different protein import machinery, as mitochondrial proteins are imported from the cytosol. The mitochondrial intermembrane space assembly (MIA) pathway consists of GFER/ALR and CHCHD4/Mia40, responsible for importing proteins and their oxidative folding inside the mitochondria. The MIA pathway plays an essential role in complex IV (COX IV) biogenesis via importing copper chaperone COX17, associated with the respiratory chain. Read More

G3 (Bethesda) 2019 Jul;9(7):2225-2234

Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, FI-331014, University of Tampere, Finland.

Drosophila melanogaster, like most animal species, displays considerable genetic variation in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Here we tested whether any of four natural mtDNA variants was able to modify the effect of the phenotypically mild, nuclear tko25t mutation, affecting mitochondrial protein synthesis. When combined with tko25t, the mtDNA from wild strain KSA2 produced pupal lethality, accompanied by the presence of melanotic nodules in L3 larvae. Read More

J Pharm Pharmacol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Jilin, Changchun 130000, China.

Objectives: In this study, we sought to evaluate purpurin, a natural biomedicine and a potential inhibitor in decreasing the growth rate of lung cancer cells by modulating the role of PI3K/AKT signalling-associated proliferation and apoptosis.

Methods: A549 cells were treated with purpurin (30 μM) for 24 and 48 h incubation, respectively, and it has been analysed for cytotoxicity, ROS-mediated apoptotic staining. Moreover, purpurin-mediated lipid peroxidation and GSH were measured by biochemical estimation. Read More

Exp Clin Transplant 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

From the the Intestinal Rehabilitation and Transplant Center, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Current therapeutic options with prokinetic agents for posttransplant gastroparesis are limited. Erythromycin is associated with adverse reactions, including corrected QT interval prolongation and cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme inhibition. The use of erythromycin has been avoided in patients undergoing treatment with cyclosporine or tacrolimus because of significant fluctuations in therapeutic immunosuppression levels. Read More

GM Crops Food 2021 Apr 20:1-13. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming China.

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a large and complex eukaryotic gene superfamily with enzymatic activities involved in several physiological and regulatory processes. As an objective, an genome-wide DNA methylation (5mC) analysis was performed in rice ( cv. Zhonghua11), and the epigenetic role of CYPs in two abiotic stresses was observed. Read More

Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Introduction: . Worldwide, nanoparticles especially gold-nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are widely used in medicine, cancer treatment and cosmetic industry. They are easily conjugated with different biomedical and biological agents and effortlessly absorbed with few side effects. Read More

Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

BeiGene USA, Inc., San Mateo, California, USA.

Pamiparib, a selective poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1/2 inhibitor, demonstrated tolerability and antitumor activity in patients with solid tumors at 60 mg orally twice daily. This phase 1 open-label study (NCT03991494; BGB-290-106) investigated the absorption, metabolism, and excretion (AME) of 60 mg [ C]-pamiparib in 4 patients with solid tumors. The mass balance in excreta, blood, and plasma radioactivity and plasma pamiparib concentration were determined along with metabolite profiles in plasma, urine, and feces. Read More

Curr Opin Insect Sci 2021 Feb;43:vi-ix

Department of Entomology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States.

Parasit Vectors 2021 Apr 19;14(1):204. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region, China.

Background: Previously, twelve Rickettsia species were identified in ticks, fleas, sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus), bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and a tick-bitten patient in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) in northwestern China. Here we aimed to molecularly detect rickettsial agents in red fox (Vulpes vulpes), marbled polecat (Vormela peregusna) and their ticks.

Methods: During 2018-2019, 12 red foxes, one marbled polecat and their ticks were sampled in two counties and a city of the XUAR. Read More

New Phytol 1987 Jan;105(1):81-88

Department of Botany, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia.

A comparative study of four Malayan ferns, Christensenia aesculifolia (Bl.) Maxon, Tectaria singaporeana (Wall.) Ching, Abacopteris multilineata (Wall. Read More

Phytochemistry 2021 Apr 16;187:112772. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India. Electronic address:

Fritillaria roylei Hook. is a critically endangered high altitude Himalayan medicinal plant species with rich source of pharmaceutically active structurally diverse steroidal alkaloids. Nevertheless, except few marker compounds, the chemistry of the plant remains unexplored. Read More

Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021 Mar 10;38:100388. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan; WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan. Electronic address:

Human hepatic cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) expressed is responsible for the metabolism of many drugs, such as cyclophosphamide, ifosfamid, and efavirenz. In the present study, the correlation between CYP2B6 mRNA and protein levels in human liver samples was found to be moderate, indicating a contribution of posttranscriptional regulation of CYP2B6. Thus, we examined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of CYP2B6. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2021 Apr 6;783:146915. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development (Department of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.

The wide presence of volatile organic amines in atmosphere has been clarified to relate to adverse effects on human respiratory health. However, toxic effects of them on human respiratory tract and their metabiotic mechanism of in vivo transformation have not been elucidated yet. Herein, cell viability and production of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) were first investigated during acute exposure of trimethylamine (TMA) to bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE), along with identification of toxic metabolites and metabolic mechanisms of TMA from headspace atmosphere and cell culture. Read More

Parasitol Int 2021 Apr 16:102351. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemical Disease and Infectious Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China. Electronic address:

Babesia microti is one of the most important pathogens causing humans and rodents babesiosis-an emerging tick-borne disease that occurs worldwide. At present, the gold standard for the detection of Babesia is the microscopic examination of blood smears, but this diagnostic test has several limitations. The recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow (LF-RPA) assay targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox I) gene of B. Read More

ACS Nano 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam DE-14476, Germany.

DNA origami technology allows for the precise nanoscale assembly of chemical entities that give rise to sophisticated functional materials. We have created a versatile DNA origami nanofork antenna (DONA) by assembling Au or Ag nanoparticle dimers with different gap sizes down to 1.17 nm, enabling signal enhancements in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of up to 10. Read More

PLoS Genet 2021 Apr 19;17(4):e1009512. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America.

The actin cytoskeleton is a well-known player in most vital cellular processes, but comparably little is understood about how the actin assembly machinery impacts programmed cell death pathways. In the current study, we explored roles for the human Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) family of actin nucleation factors in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Inactivation of each WASP-family gene revealed that two of them, JMY and WHAMM, are necessary for rapid apoptotic responses. Read More

Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2021 Apr 13;68. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.

Two new species of philometrid nematodes (Philometridae) from needlefishes (Belonidae) in Florida are described based on morphological and genetic characteristics: Philometra aequispiculata sp. n. (males and females) collected from the ovary of Strongylura marina (Walbaum) (type host) and Strongylura notata (Poey), and Philometra notatae sp. Read More

Xenobiotica 2021 Apr 18:1-11. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.

Effects of cholecalciferol (VitD) and calcitriol (1,25-VitD), on the expression and function of major vitamin D metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450 [CYP]2R1, CYP24A1) and select drug transport pathways (P-gp, /OATP4C1) were evaluated in human kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells (hPTECs) under normal and uraemic serum conditions.hPTECs were incubated with 10% normal or uraemic serum for 24 h followed by treatment with 2% ethanol vehicle, or 100 and 240 nM doses of VitD, or 1,25-VitD for 6 days. The effects of treatment on mRNA and protein expression and functional activity of select CYP enzymes and transporters were assessedUnder uraemic serum, treatment with 1,25-VitD resulted in increased mRNA but decreased protein expression of CYP2R1. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2021 Jun 17;22:101073. Epub 2021 Mar 17.

Department of Orbit, Plastic and Lacrimal Surgery, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 32 Gisborne Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Purpose: To describe two patients with bilateral ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, cataracts and corneal endothelial disease requiring corneal transplantation.

Observations: Histopathological analysis of muscle biopsy samples from both patients identified features consistent with a mitochondrial cytopathy. A single multigenic mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) deletion was detected in the first patient. Read More

Front Plant Sci 2021 31;12:676617. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020. Read More

Front Plant Sci 2021 1;12:662025. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, University of Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.

Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) is a cereal disease caused primarily by the ascomycete fungus with public health issues due to the production of mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (DON). Genetic resistance is an efficient protection means and numerous quantitative trait loci have been identified, some of them related to the production of resistance metabolites. In this study, we have functionally characterized the gene encoding a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP). Read More

Front Plant Sci 2021 1;12:639508. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.

is a monocotyledonous model plant that contains castasterone (CS) but no brassinolide (BL) as the end product of brassinosteroids (BR) biosynthesis, indicating dysfunction of BL synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of CS to BL. To increase BR activity, () encoding BR 6-oxidase/BL synthase was introduced into with the seed-specific promoters , and . RT-PCR analysis and GUS activity revealed that was only expressed in the seeds of the transgenic plants , and . Read More

Front Plant Sci 2021 1;12:626702. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Plant Health and Environment, National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia.

Resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides has recently been reported in from wheat fields in northern Tunisia, where the weed is widespread. However, potential resistance mechanisms conferring resistance in these populations are unknown. The aim of this research was to study target-site resistance (TSR) and non-target-site resistance (NTSR) mechanisms present in two putative resistant (R) populations. Read More

Methods Enzymol 2021 3;650:81-96. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. Electronic address:

In this chapter we describe logistics, protocols and conditions for expression, purification and characterization of Ln-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases representing three distinct phylogenetic clades of these enzymes, classified as XoxF4, XoxF5 and ExaF/PedH. We present data on the biochemical properties of a dozen enzymes, all generated by our group, in a comparative fashion. These enzymes display a range of properties in terms of substrate and metal specificities, pH and ammonium requirement, as well as catalytic constants. Read More

Methods Enzymol 2021 4;650:57-79. Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany. Electronic address:

The field of methanol dehydrogenases (MDHs) has experienced revival in the recent decade due to the observation of lanthanide-dependent MDH, in addition to widely known calcium-MDH. With the advent of lanthanide-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, the need for reliable assays to evaluate and compare activities between different MDHs is obvious: from extremophilic to neutrophilic organisms, or with different lanthanide ions in the active site. Here we outline four assays that have been reported for Ln-MDH, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the assays and their components. Read More

Methods Enzymol 2021 19;650:119-157. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States. Electronic address:

Recent work has revealed that certain lanthanides-in particular, the more earth-abundant, lighter lanthanides-play essential roles in pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) dependent alcohol dehydrogenases from methylotrophic and non-methylotrophic bacteria. More recently, efforts of several laboratories have begun to identify the molecular players (the lanthanome) involved in selective uptake, recognition, and utilization of lanthanides within the cell. In this chapter, we present protocols for the heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, purification, and characterization of many of the currently known proteins that comprise the lanthanome of the model facultative methylotroph, Methylorubrum extorquens AM1. Read More

Chemosphere 2021 Apr 10;279:130542. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China. Electronic address:

As a biologically inspired insecticide, pyrethroids (PYRs) exert evident toxic side effects on non-target organisms. PYRs and their general toxic intermediate 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) have shown high detection rates/levels in human beings recently, for which diet was identified as the major exposure route. Microbial mineralization has emerged as a versatile strategy in addressing such escalating concern. Read More

Parasitol Int 2021 Apr 15:102348. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Vector and Waterborne Pathogens Research Group, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Western Australia, Australia.

A new Isospora species was described from New Holland honeyeaters (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae). Sporulated oocysts (n = 25) were characterised as subspheroidal, 29-32 × 28-31 (29.8 × 29. Read More