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Prehosp Emerg Care 2021 Apr 19:1-18. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker.

Finite resources limit the amount of time EMS agencies can dedicate to continuing education in pediatric emergencies. EMS instructors need effective, efficient, and affordable educational strategies for these high-risk, low frequency events. To compare the effectiveness of four training methods in management of pediatric emergencies for paramedics. Read More

Front Sociol 2019 16;4:15. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Laboratory of Interactive Technologies, National Information Processing Institute, Warsaw, Poland.

This paper presents several state-of-the-art concepts within Internet studies and applies them to the creative writing of older people using the Internet. For more than 10 years two creative Web users aged 80+, assisted by younger proxy users, were involved in preliminary action research. It was aimed at finding patterns of inducing older people's creativity and sharing their wisdom with the general Internet audience. Read More

Front Cell Dev Biol 2021 23;9:622539. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Department of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Peripartum cerebral hypoxia and ischemia, and intrauterine infection and inflammation, are detrimental for the precursor cells of the myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the prematurely newborn, potentially leading to white matter injury (WMI) with long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. Previous data show that hypomyelination observed in WMI is caused by arrested oligodendroglial maturation rather than oligodendrocyte-specific cell death. In a rat model of premature WMI, we have recently shown that small extracellular vesicles (sEV) derived from Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSC) protect from myelination deficits. Read More

J Contextual Behav Sci 2021 Apr 6;20:52-69. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.

Rationale: Chronic health conditions (CHCs) are costly and difficult to manage. Patients often struggle with behavioral adherence to complex treatment regimens and experience psychiatric distress. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a transdiagnostic behavioral approach that aims to improve functioning and quality of life (QoL), which are important treatment outcomes for this population. Read More

Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, School of Life Science, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230601, P. R. China. Electronic address:

The main objective of this paper is to develop a self-delivered prodrug system with nanoscale characteristics to enhance the efficacy of tumor therapy. The pH-sensitive prodrug was composed of ortho ester-linked dasatinib (DAS-OE), which was further self-assembled with or without doxorubicin (DOX) to obtain two carrier-free nanoparticles (DOX/DAS-OE NPs or DAS-OE NPs). The prodrug-based nanoparticles united the superiorities of small molecules and nano-assemblies together and displayed well-defined structure, uniform spherical shape, high drug loading ratio and on-demand drug release behavior. Read More

J Rehabil Med 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Academic Unit of Anaesthesia, Pain and Critical Care Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. E-mail:

Objectives: To describe the long-term outcomes of cardiac intensive care unit patients and their primary caregivers, and to explore the feasibility of implementing a complex intervention, designed to support problems associated with post-intensive care syndrome and post-intensive care syndrome-family, in the year following discharge from the cardiac intensive care unit.

Design: A complex multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme, delivered as a quality improvement initiative, in a single centre in the West of Scotland.

Participants: Patients and their caregivers were invited to participate 12 weeks after hospital discharge. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2021 Apr 14;21(1):339. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Box 1089, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a contested, chronic widespread pain syndrome on which recommended therapies have short-lasting, moderate effects. Nevertheless, some patients become symptom-free, and their recovery experiences inspired us to develop a patient-centred recovery-oriented programme (PROP) delivered in a group format. Presently, we describe the theoretical rationale, purpose and content of the PROP, and its meanings for clinicians and patients. Read More

Int J Ment Health Syst 2021 Apr 13;15(1):32. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.

Background: Migrant communities are often underserved by mainstream mental health services resulting in high rates of untreated psychological distress. This collaborative study built on evidence that mindfulness-based interventions delivered in-language and culturally tailored were acceptable and clinically effective for Arabic speakers in Australia. It aimed to establish whether a group mindfulness program produced expected outcomes under normal operational conditions, and to test its scalability and its transferability to Bangla speakers. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2021 Apr 13;23(4):e19743. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.

Background: Depression is one of the leading causes of illness and disability in young people, with approximately 20% having experienced a depressive episode by the age of 18 years. Behavioral activation (BA), a National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-recommended treatment for adults with depression, has shown preliminary support for its use with young people. BA may have the potential to be adapted and delivered in a computerized format to address the barriers often associated with young people accessing support. Read More

Am Indian Alsk Native Ment Health Res 2021 ;28(1):71-102

American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) young adults are strong and resilient. Interventions designed to improve their mental health and help-seeking skills are especially needed, particularly those that include culturally relevant resources and relatable role models. This paper presents formative research from the BRAVE study, a five-year community based participatory research project led by the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board. Read More

JMIR Cancer 2021 Apr 12;7(2):e26010. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Christiansburg, VA, United States.

Background: Addressing the modifiable health behaviors of cancer survivors is important in rural communities that are disproportionately impacted by cancer (eg, those in Central Appalachia). However, such efforts are limited, and existing interventions may not meet the needs of rural communities.

Objective: This study describes the development and proof-of-concept testing of weSurvive, a behavioral intervention for rural Appalachian cancer survivors. Read More

Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021 Apr 10:207640211008931. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

School of Nursing, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Thailand.

Background: Psychiatric problems have been a growing and significant public health challenge. Community-based psychiatric services have been shown to contribute to the improvement of health and social-related outcomes, but with limited specialists in this field. Consequently, Thailand has integrated these services into the primary care system delivered by community nurses working in primary care units (PCUs). Read More

Autism 2021 Apr 12:13623613211003747. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Michigan State University, USA.

Lay Abstract: Although naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions are supported by research for supporting the development of children on the autism spectrum, how they work is not well understood. This study reviewed parent reflection comments in a systematic way to better how one such treatment worked, when delivered by caregivers. Caregivers completed weekly written reflection responses as they learned how to use the treatment techniques. Read More

Patient Educ Couns 2021 Mar 27. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Durham Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

Objectives: To explore gender-based differences in experiences with a telehealth-delivered intervention for reduction of cardiovascular risk.

Methods: We conducted 23 semi-structured qualitative interviews by telephone with 11 women and 12 men who received a 12-month, pharmacist-delivered, telephone-based medication and behavioral management intervention. We used content analysis to identify themes. Read More

J Bras Nefrol 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Associação Brazileira de Nutrição, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.

This nutrition consensus document is the first to coordinate the efforts of three professional organizations - the Brazilian Association of Nutrition (Asbran), the Brazilian Society of Nephrology (SBN), and the Brazilian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (Braspen/SBNPE) - to select terminology and international standardized tools used in nutrition care. Its purpose is to improve the training delivered to nutritionists working with adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Eleven questions were developed concerning patient screening, care, and nutrition outcome management. Read More

JMIR Ment Health 2021 Mar 9. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Personality Disorder Services, Queen's University, Kingston, CA.

Background: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a debilitating and prevalent mental health disorder that has often inaccessible treatment options. Electronically Delivered Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (e-DBT) could be an efficacious and more accessible intervention.

Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of e-DBT in the treatment of individuals with symptoms of BPD. Read More

Leadersh Health Serv (Bradf Engl) 2021 Apr;ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print)

Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, The Netherlands.

Purpose: This study aims to provide a detailed description of the nurses in the lead (NitL) programme for empowering community nurse leadership in implementing evidence.

Design/methodology/approach: The NitL programme is described using the template for intervention description and replication-checklist.

Findings: The NitL programme consists of two components. Read More

Hum Factors 2021 Apr 8:187208211005620. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

5228 University of Illinois at Chicago, Champaign, USA.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to uncover and catalog the various practices for delivering and disseminating clinical performance in various Veterans Affairs (VA) locations and to evaluate their quality against evidence-based models of effective feedback as reported in the literature.

Background: Feedback can enhance clinical performance in subsequent performance episodes. However, evidence is clear that the way in which feedback is delivered determines whether performance is harmed or improved. Read More

Prev Sci 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.

Training prior to implementing evidence-based interventions (EBIs) is essential to reach high levels of fidelity. However, the time and cost of in-person training are often barriers to implementation. Online learning offers a potential solution, though few studies examine the relationship between online training and fidelity of implementation. Read More

BMC Fam Pract 2021 Apr 7;22(1):65. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University, of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.

Background: Many people with obesity receive weight loss consultations by general practice nurses (GPNs) in routine primary care. This exploratory study aimed to characterise the components of these consultations, including behaviour change techniques (BCTs), and dietary and physical activity recommendations.

Methods: We analysed audio recordings of weight management consultations conducted by 8 GPNs as part of the 'usual care' group in a randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN75092026). Read More

J Med Internet Res 2021 Apr 7;23(4):e21466. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Background: Caregiving for a family member can result in reduced well-being for the caregiver. Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) may be one way to support this population. This is especially the case for caregivers in countries with limited resources, but high demand for psychological services. Read More

Clin Respir J 2021 Apr 7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Objectives: Pulmonary rehabilitation involves a significant component of education, but little has been published on what educational content is covered or how it is delivered. This survey study set out to investigate how pulmonary rehabilitation education is delivered in practice.

Methods: A survey was designed to investigate current educational delivery and which topics respondents reported should be included in a pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021 Apr 6;9(4):e23280. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

HIV Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa.

Background: South Africa adopted a universal test and treatment program for HIV infection in 2015. The standard of care that people living with HIV receive consists of 3 sessions of readiness counseling delivered by lay counselors (LCs). In the largest antiretroviral therapy (ART) program worldwide, effective and early HIV and ART education and support are key for ensuring ART adoption, adherence, and retention in care. Read More

Int J Lang Commun Disord 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Background: Despite evidence that Communication Partner Training (CPT) can enable health professionals to communicate more effectively with people with aphasia (PWA), an evidence-practice gap exists. To address this, a tailored implementation intervention was developed and trialled to improve health professionals' implementation of communication strategies in a subacute setting.

Aims: To explore the outcomes and perceived feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of an iterative CPT implementation intervention on multidisciplinary healthcare professionals' communication with PWA. Read More

Data Brief 2021 Apr 26;35:106910. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

The University of Alabama, United States.

The data presented in this data article were collected at three points in the 2012-2013 academic year; Fall 2012, Spring 2013, and Summer 2013 from undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory health education course at a large university in the United States. The data regarding undergraduate students' perceptions of and experiences with the campus emergency notification system were ascertained using a self-administered online-delivered survey instrument. The data included in the Mendeley Data repository affiliated with this data article encompass closed- and open-ended responses from 746 undergraduate students. Read More

Internet Interv 2021 Apr 24;24:100372. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Introduction: Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at increased risk for anxiety and depression, with negative consequences for adherence, health, and quality of life. New approaches to prevent and treat anxiety and depression that are tailored to the concerns of this population are needed. A CF-specific internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention was developed to increase access to evidence-based mental health care and decrease cost and burden of care for people with CF. Read More

Prev Med Rep 2021 Jun 16;22:101360. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington, United States.

Community health worker-led interventions may be an optimal approach to promote behavior change among populations with low incomes due to the community health workers' unique insights into participants' social and environmental contexts and potential ability to deliver interventions widely. The objective was to determine the feasibility (implementation, acceptability, preliminary efficacy) of a weight management intervention for adults living in public housing developments. In 2016-2018, in Boston Massachusetts, we conducted a 3-month, two-group randomized trial comparing participants who received a tailored feedback report (control group) to participants who received the same report plus behavioral counseling. Read More

J Occup Rehabil 2021 Apr 2. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.

Purpose: Building on an emerging body of evidence, this scoping review aimed to provide an overview of current interventions to promote work-focused care by healthcare providers for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions and to identify current knowledge gaps for future research.

Methods: Literature searches were performed in Pubmed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycInfo using Medical Subject Heading terms and text words relating to musculoskeletal conditions, interventions to promote work-focused care and work-related outcomes. Articles involving any interventions with elements of work-focused care delivered by healthcare providers to manage musculoskeletal conditions were reviewed for suitability and inclusion. Read More