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Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized with a wide range of clinical presentations from asymptomatic to severe disease. In patients with severe disease, the main causes of mortality have been acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm and thrombotic events. Although all factors that may be associated with disease severity are not yet clear, older age remains a leading risk factor. Read More

Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.

The purpose of this systematic review was to provide updated evidence synthesis of the effectiveness of exercise training in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery to improve cardio-metabolic risk. We systematically searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. The studies selected were those in which an exercise-based intervention was performed after bariatric surgery, a control group was present, and at least one of the following outcomes was investigated: VO or VO, resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, and insulin. Read More

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA- Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM + CSIC, Spanish National Research Council CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), Pamplona, Spain Both authors contributed equally to this work.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this article is to rationally review and critically appraise the current knowledge in the most relevant nongenetic and genetic factors influencing obesity predisposition. This information may be translated into the implementation of personalized nutrition approaches involving precision nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic strategies for obesity monitoring and weight management.

Recent Findings: The importance and influence of several nongenetic contributors to obesity onset and individual responses to weight-loss interventions have been highlighted including the role of age, sex or perinatal feeding and others related to an individual's lifestyle and modifiable. Read More

Pediatr Exerc Sci 2021 Apr 15:1-8. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

University of Utah.

Purpose: To verify the reciprocal longitudinal relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), percentage body fat (%body fat), and metabolic syndrome in Brazilian primary school students.

Method: This longitudinal study involved 420 children and adolescents followed for 3 years (2011-2014). The continuous Metabolic Syndrome (cMetSyn) score was calculated by summing adjusted z scores of glucose, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, and waist circumference. Read More

JCI Insight 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAE, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France.

Background: High circulating levels of ceramides (Cer) and sphingomyelins (SM) have been associated with cardiometabolic diseases. The consumption of whole-fat dairy products, which naturally contain such polar lipids (PL), is associated with health benefits, but the impact on sphingolipidome remains unknown. We investigated how milk PL supplementation impacts circulating and intestinal SM and Cer composition in association with improvement of cardiovascular markers. Read More

Nutr Rev 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

N. Neelakantan, S.H. Park, G.-C. Chen, and R.M van Dam are with the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore. G.-C. Chen is with the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York, USA. R.M van Dam is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Context: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing in Asia and several countries are adopting preventive policies to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). However, evidence on the relation between SSB consumption and cardiometabolic health in Asian populations has not been summarized.

Objective: In this systematic review, the associations between consumption of SSBs and cardiometabolic outcomes, including obesity, T2DM, and CVD, are examined in Asian populations. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2021 29;12:618208. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

: Whether liraglutide use improves cardiometabolic risk factors in different subsets of subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. In a systematic review and meta-analysis, we quantified the effects of liraglutide on cardiometabolic risk profile in subjects with CAD with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). : Online database searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar from incept up to 15th January 2021. Read More

Transl Psychiatry 2021 Apr 14;11(1):219. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Patients with schizophrenia have exceedingly high rates of metabolic comorbidity including type 2 diabetes and lose 15-20 years of life due to cardiovascular diseases, with early accrual of cardiometabolic disease. In this study, thirty overweight or obese (Body Mass Index (BMI) > 25) participants under 40 years old with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and early comorbid prediabetes or type 2 diabetes receiving antipsychotic medications were randomized, in a double-blind fashion, to metformin 1500 mg/day or placebo (2:1 ratio; n = 21 metformin and n = 9 placebo) for 4 months. The primary outcome measures were improvements in glucose homeostasis (HbA1c, fasting glucose) and insulin resistance (Matsuda index-derived from oral glucose tolerance tests and homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)). Read More

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Child Health and Development Studies of the Public Health Institute, Berkeley, California.

Background: Serum DDTs during or just after pregnancy were associated with breast cancer in mothers (F0), and with breast cancer, mammographic density, and obesity in adult daughters (F1) in the Child Health and Development Studies multi-generational cohort in prior publications. Here, we investigate F0 perinatal serum DDT associations with granddaughters'(F2) measured obesity at a median age of 26 and self-reported age at menarche.

Methods: F2 weight, height and waist circumference were measured by trained examiners. Read More

BMC Med 2021 Apr 15;19(1):92. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, and Department of Nutrition of Affiliated Second Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.

Background: Increasing evidence highlights healthy dietary patterns and links daily cooking oil intake with chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. However, food-based evidence supporting the consumption of cooking oils in relation to total and cardiometabolic mortality remains largely absent. We aim to prospectively evaluate the relations of cooking oils with death from cardiometabolic (CVD and diabetes) and other causes. Read More

BMC Public Health 2021 Apr 14;21(1):724. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

NCD Center of Excellence, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.

Background: Rates of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age have been steadily increasing worldwide and in Thailand. There is mounting evidence that maternal obesity during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of obesity and other adverse health outcomes in the offspring, but such data are lacking for Thailand. We examined the associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and anthropometry (particularly the likelihood of obesity) and cardiometabolic parameters in young adult offspring. Read More

BMC Geriatr 2021 Apr 14;21(1):247. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland.

Background: High rates of food insecurity, obesity and obesity-related comorbidities in ageing South African (SA) women may amplify the risk of developing sarcopenic obesity. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of sarcopenic obesity and its diagnostic components [grip strength, appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and body mass index (BMI)] in older SA women from a low-income setting.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited black SA women between the ages of 60-85 years (n = 122) from a low-income community. Read More

Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021 Apr 15. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs), along with lifestyle modifications, represent the first-line medical treatment for the long-term management of PCOS. Containing low doses of estrogen and different types of progestin, COCs restore menstrual cyclicity, improve hyperandrogenism, and provide additional benefits such as reducing the risk of endometrial cancer. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr 11. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.

Objective: Obesity is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS and obesity are associated with reduced fertility. Metabolic syndrome's (MetS) effect on infertility treatment success and pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS undergoing ovulation induction (OI) has not been investigated. Read More

Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021 Apr 14. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Comenius University in Bratislava Faculty of Medicine, 59063, Institute of Molecular Biomedicine Sasinkova 4, Bratislava, Slovakia;

Although the dichotomous classification of metabolic syndrome (MS) enables the classification of individuals as MS-free or presenting MS, it is inconvenient for assessing cardiometabolic risk in MS-free ones. Continuous MS score allows for estimation of cardiometabolic burden even in MS-free subjects. We used the scores to estimate the proportion of MS-free subjects on high cardiometabolic risk. Read More

Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 Apr 14:1-10. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Woman Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy.

: Over the past decades, a large amount of both adult and pediatric data has shown relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting in an overall increased cardiometabolic burden. In view of the remarkable role of the genetic background in the NAFLD pathophysiology, a potential influence of the major NAFLD polymorphisms (e.g. Read More

Eur J Clin Nutr 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Background/objectives: The role of spexin (SPX) in energy metabolism, endocrinal homeostasis, and vasculopathy is emerging. However, scarce data are available about its role in childhood obesity and obesity-related vasculopathy. Hence, we aimed to assess the level of SPX in obese and normal-weight children, and to correlate it with aortic distensibility (AD) and aortic stiffness index (ASI). Read More

Prim Care Diabetes 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

Background: The epidemiology of COVID-19 and its association with cardiometabolic disorders is poorly understood. This is a narrative review that investigates the effects of COVID-19 infection on insulin resistance in patients with diabetes.

Methods: An online search of all published literature was done via PubMed and Google Scholar using the MeSH terms "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," "coronavirus," "insulin resistance," and "diabetes. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2021 Apr;110(5):252-256

Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.

We investigated the effect of age on cardiometabolic risk and protective factors in females living in a countryside area of Switzerland. For this cross-sectional analysis, data from 268 female adults, who live in two neighboring countryside villages in Italian-speaking Switzerland were retained. 89 study participants were premenopausal, 82 climacteric and 97 postmenopausal. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 04 12;11(1):7848. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Many cardiometabolic conditions have demonstrated associative evidence with COVID-19 hospitalization risk. However, the observational designs of the studies in which these associations are observed preclude causal inferences of hospitalization risk. Mendelian Randomization (MR) is an alternative risk estimation method more robust to these limitations that allows for causal inferences. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2021 Apr 12;7(1):30. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of visual impairment in people aged 20-65 years and can go undetected until vision is irreversibly lost. There is a need for treatments for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) which, in comparison with current intravitreal (IVT) injections, offer an improved risk-benefit ratio and are suitable for the treatment of early stages of disease, during which there is no major visual impairment. Efficacious systemic therapy for NPDR, including oral treatment, would be an important and convenient therapeutic approach for patients and physicians and would reduce treatment burden. Read More

Can J Cardiol 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: Low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is an emerging risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated the association between SMM and coronary artery calcification (CAC).

Methods: We enrolled 19,728 adults free of CVD who underwent computed tomographic estimation of Agatston CAC scores for cross-sectional analysis. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021 Apr 11:1-10. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.

The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. However, there is scarce literature on the association between UPF consumption, cardiovascular events, and cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects undergoing secondary care for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association between UPF consumption, CVD, and cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with established CVD. Read More

Front Physiol 2021 26;12:647976. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Laboratorio de Fisiología, Hipoxia y Función Vascular, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile.

Over the past 40 years, mining activities in Chile have relocated miners who normally live at sea level to work at high altitudes. This results in a form of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) characterized by alternating periods of work at high altitude and rest periods at sea level. Previous studies performed in our laboratory showed that aerobic capacity is reduced at 3,800 m, even when oxygen content is maintained. Read More

Obes Surg 2021 Apr 10. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, 3050, Doha, Qatar.

Background: Long-term durability of weight loss and comorbidity resolution beyond 7 years after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) among adolescents is completely lacking.

Methods: Retrospective review of adolescents aged ≤ 18 years who underwent primary LSG at our institution between 2011 and 2015 (N = 146). We assessed anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 years. Read More

Cardiovasc Res 2021 Apr 11. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been as unprecedented as unexpected, affecting more than 105 million people worldwide as of February 8th, 2020 and causing more than 2.3 million deaths according the World Health Organization. Not only affecting the lungs and provoking acute respiratory distress, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is able to infect multiple cell types including cardiac and vascular cells. Read More

Int J Psychophysiol 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States of America; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States of America; Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States of America. Electronic address:

Elevated visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors including chronic systemic low-grade inflammation. Whereas the cognitive implications of inflammation have been extensively studied in preclinical models, the influence of inflammatory cytokines on cognitive function in humans is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relations among VAT, inflammatory cytokines, and cognitive control. Read More

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021 Feb 17. Epub 2021 Feb 17.

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, Reus, Spain. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Total fruit consumption is important for cardiovascular disease prevention, but also the variety and form in which is consumed. The aim of the study was to assess the associations between total fruit, subgroups of fruits based on their color and fruit juices consumption with different cardiometabolic parameters.

Methods And Results: A total of 6633 elderly participants (aged 55-75 years) with metabolic syndrome from the PREDIMED-Plus study were included in this analysis. Read More

Nutrition 2021 Feb 19;89:111140. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address:

Objectives: Dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) has been introduced as a useful tool to quantify the antioxidant content of a diet. However, few studies have evaluated the association of dTAC with cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurrence and cardiometabolic risk factors in people with established CVD events. Thus, we aimed to investigate the presence of an association between dTAC values, cardiovascular events, and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with previous CVD in a Brazilian multicenter study. Read More

J Clin Pharmacol 2021 Apr 10. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Brothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were found to be at increased risk for cardiometabolic disorders. This risk may be exacerbated by concurrent poorly-controlled hypertension. Angiotensin II receptor blockers are the most frequently used anti-hypertensive drugs. Read More