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Neurology 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Sorbonne Université (SU) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1127, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France.

Background And Objectives: Considerable heterogeneity exists in the literature concerning genetic determinants of the age of onset (AAO) of Parkinson's disease (PD), which could be attributed to lack of well-powered replication cohorts. The previous largest GWAS identified nd loci on chromosome (Chr) 4 with a significant influence on AAO of PD, these have not been independently replicated. The present study aims to conduct a meta-analysis of GWAS of PD AAO and validate previously observed findings in worldwide populations. Read More

Genome Res 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

SOKENDAI, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies

The major processes to carcinogenesis include inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). While Knudson's two-hit model requires two independent inactivating mutations, perhaps more frequently, inactivation of a TSG can occur through loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of one inactivating mutation. Deletion and uniparental disomy (UPD) have been well documented as the mechanisms of LOH, but the role of gene conversion is poorly understood. Read More

BMJ Support Palliat Care 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Semin Nephrol 2022 Jan;42(1):63-75

Transplant Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients, due to long-term immunosuppression. Salient issues to consider in decreasing the burden of malignancy among kidney transplant recipients include pretransplant recipient evaluation, post-transplant screening and monitoring, and optimal treatment strategies for the kidney transplant recipients with cancer. In this review, we address cancer incidence and outcomes, approaches to cancer screening and monitoring pretransplant and post-transplant, as well as treatment strategies, immunosuppressive management, and multidisciplinary approaches in the kidney transplant recipients with cancer. Read More

Bull Cancer 2022 May;109(5):514-515

Unité mobile d'accompagnement, Institut Curie, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Bull Cancer 2022 May;109(5):511-513

Association francophone pour les soins oncologiques de support, 33000 Bordeaux, France. Electronic address:

J Am Coll Cardiol 2022 May;79(21):2097-2115

State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Background: Shift work is associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and worsened prognosis. However, the mechanisms linking shift work and worsened prognosis in AMI remain unclear.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the impact of shift work on reperfusion injury, a major determinant of clinical outcomes in AMI. Read More

Genes Dev 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom.

Senescence is a stress-responsive tumor suppressor mechanism associated with expression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Through the SASP, senescent cells trigger their own immune-mediated elimination, which if evaded leads to tumorigenesis. Senescent parenchymal cells are separated from circulating immunocytes by the endothelium, which is targeted by microenvironmental signaling. Read More

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica - Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia - Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of a retrograde extraperitoneal trans-inguinal novel approach to pelvic lymphadenectomy in vulvar cancer patients. The secondary objectives were to assess complications (early and late) and oncological outcomes.

Methods: In this pilot study, all patients referred to our institution from November 2019 to May 2021 were evaluated. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Background: Most pediatric cancers are considered immunologically cold with relatively few responding to immune checkpoint inhibition. We recently described an effective combination radio-immunotherapy treatment regimen ( ombination daptive- nnate immunotherapy egimen (CAIR)) targeting adaptive and innate immunity in 9464D-GD2, an immunologically cold model of neuroblastoma. Here, we characterize the mechanism of CAIR and the role of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) in the treatment response. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA

Background: Accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) has been described to often correlate with poor prognosis in many solid tumors. How Treg presence impinges on limited functionality and clonal composition of tumor-associated CD8 +T cells has important implications for their therapeutic targeting in the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, we investigated how accumulation of Tregs contributes to T cell dysfunction and clonal constriction of tumor-infiltrating CD8 +T cells. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Department of Medecine, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) having immunosuppressive properties are one of the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Preclinical studies have highlighted the potential role of TAMs in resistance to immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). Here, we investigated the predictive value of TAM infiltration in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICBs and characterized their transcriptomic profiles. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Institute of Infectious Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China

Background: Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits limited clinical efficacy due to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-infiltrating macrophages (TIMs) account for the major component in the TME, and the dominance of M2 phenotype over M1 phenotype in the TIMs plays the pivotal role in sustaining the immunosuppressive character. We thus investigate the effect of bufalin on promoting TIMs polarization toward M1 phenotype to improve HCC immunotherapy. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2022 May;10(5)

Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

Background: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is an aggressive rare malignancy with limited treatment options. Data regarding clinical activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in CUP is lacking. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of pembrolizumab, a programmed cell death-1 inhibitor, in patients with CUP. Read More

J Invest Surg 2022 May 26:1-10. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Anorectal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China.

A predictive tool is required to identify the cancer-specific survival in rectal cancer (RC) patients who have opted to receive preoperative radiotherapy. A database containing the data on RC patients' records of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) receiving surgery during 2000-2014 was selected. All patients received neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NR). Read More

Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 305108, China.

Introduction: DNA nanostructures targeting organelles are of great significance for the early diagnosis and precise therapy of human cancers. This review is expected to promote the development of DNA nanostructure-based cancer treatment with organelle-level precision in the future.

Areas Covered: In this review, we introduce the different principles for targeting organelles, summarize the progresses in the development of organelle-targeting DNA nanostructures, highlight their advantages and applications in disease treatment, and discuss current challenges and future prospects. Read More

J Pain Symptom Manage 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Emory University. Atlanta, GA, USA.

Context: Pediatric palliative care (PPC) improves quality of life and end-of-life outcomes for children with cancer, but often occurs late in the disease course. The Supportive Care Clinic (SCC) was launched in 2017 to expand outpatient PPC access.

Objectives: To describe the inaugural four years (2017-2021) of an academic, consultative, embedded SCC within pediatric oncology. Read More

J Pain Symptom Manage 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Context: American Indians (AIs) are disproportionately affected by serious illness such as cancer. Colonization, cultural genocide, and trauma have adversely affected AIs' ability to attain health and well-being, and in many cases led to the loss of the right to practice traditional ceremonies and rituals. Still many AIs describe well-being as being rooted in spirituality. Read More

J Pain Symptom Manage 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022 May 23:103725. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90048, USA; Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90048, USA.

Liquid biopsy probes DNA, RNA, and proteins in body fluids for cancer detection and is one of the most rapidly developing areas in oncology. Tumor-derived DNA (circulating tumor DNA, ctDNA) in the context of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in blood has been the main target for its potential utilities in cancer detection. Liquid biopsy can report tumor burden in real-time without invasive interventions, and would be feasible for screening tumor types that lack standard-of-care screening approaches. Read More

Transplant Cell Ther 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Conditioning regimens play a major role in determining disease outcomes following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The use of intravenous (IV) busulfan (Bu) as part of the conditioning chemotherapy has been shown to be effective in controlling disease relapse. However, disease relapse remains a major cause of death following allo-HSCT. Read More

Clin Immunol 2022 May 23:109045. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, Guangdong Province, PR China. Electronic address:

By multiple transcriptome datasets (TCGA, GSE59102, GSE25727, GSE27020 and GSE65858) and multi-omics (RNA-seq, SNP, CNV, DNA methylation) in-depth analysis, we found that cancer germline antigen (CGA) family/genes MAGEB2 is involved in the imitation, progression and prognosis in LC as well as correlated positively with lymphatic metastasis and negatively with DNA methylation. Then, in vitro experiment verified that MAGEB2 expression renders significant alteration in LC tissues and cells via immunohistochemical (IHC), qRT-PCR and western blot (WB), and up-regulation of MAGEB2 expression could facilitate the proliferation, migration and invasion of LC cells and vice versa. Subsequently, MAGEB2 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo animal experiment, while MAGEB2 overexpression promoted tumor growth and lung metastasis. Read More

J Control Release 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

The State Key Laboratory of Organic-inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Currently, clinical intravesical instillation chemotherapy has been greatly compromised by the toxicological and physiological factors. New formulations that can specifically and efficiently kill bladder cancer cells are in urgent need to overcome the low residence efficiency and dose limiting toxicity of current ones. The combination of mucoadhesive nanocarriers and cancer cell selective prodrugs can to great extent address these limitations. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq.2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic.

Radiation resistance of cancer cells represents one of the major challenges in cancer treatment. The novel self-assembled fluoralkylated diselenide nanoparticles (fluorosomes) based on seleno-l-cystine (17FSe) possess redox-active properties that autocatalytically decompose hydrogen peroxide (HO) and oxidize the intracellular glutathione (GSH) that results in regulation of cellular oxidative stress. Alkylfluorinated diselenide nanoparticles showed a significant cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effect on cancer cells. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan. Electronic address:

The Keap1-Nrf2 system is the master regulator of the cellular response against oxidative and xenobiotic stresses. Constitutive activation of Nrf2 is frequently observed in various types of cancers. Nrf2 hyperactivation induces metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, which supports the increased energy demand required for rapid proliferation and confers high-level resistance against anticancer radio/chemotherapy. Read More

Biochimie 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Electronic address:

Melatonin, the major secretory product of the pineal gland, not only regulates circadian rhythms, mood, and sleep but also has actions in neoplastic processes which are being intensively investigated. Melatonin is a promising molecule which considered a differentiating agent in some cancer cells at both physiological and pharmacological concentrations. It can also reduce invasive and metastatic status through receptors MT1 and MT2 cytosolic binding sites, including calmodulin and quinone reductase II enzyme, and nuclear receptors related to orphan members of the superfamily RZR/ROR. Read More

Microbes Infect 2022 May 23:104974. Epub 2022 May 23.

Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: The rates and routes of Helicobacter pylori transmission, in a high prevalent country like Iran, with gastric cancer as the leading cause of male cancer mortality is of essence. Here, we have studied the H. pylori-associated risk factors and the likelihood of interspousal transmission. Read More