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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021 Apr;71(4)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultative aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as MKL-01 and isolated from the blood of immunocompromised patient, was genotypically and phenotypically characterized. The colonies were found to be creamy yellow and convex. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences revealed that strain MKL-01 was most closely related to LMG 5886, present within a large cluster in the genus . Read More

Microrna 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha. Qatar.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs ranging from 18-24 nucleotides also known to regulate the human genome mainly at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs were shown to play an important role in most biological processes such as apoptosis and in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Recent developments of advanced molecular high-throughput technologies have enhanced our knowledge of miRNAs. Read More

Front Genet 2021 25;12:653051. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules, and these are differentially expressed in various diseases, including cancer, suggesting that circRNAs can regulate certain diseases. CircRNAs can act as miRNAs sponges, RNA-binding protein (RBP) sponges, and translation regulators, and they can become an important part of the regulation of gene expression. Furthermore, because of their biomedical features in body fluids, such as high abundance, conservation, and stability, circRNAs are seen as potential biomarkers for various cancers. Read More

Mo Med 2021 Mar-Apr;118(2):118

Resident, University of Missouri Healthcare.

Mo Med 2021 Mar-Apr;118(2):113-115

Head of the South African Headache Society, the South African affiliate of the International Headache Society. He is founder and practices at The Headache Clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa.

The factors contributing to increased morbidity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infection are diverse, and include diabetes, obesity, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), advanced age, and male sex. Although there is no obvious connection between these, they do have one common denominator-they all have a tendency towards lower urine pH, which may indicate a lower-than-normal tissue pH. Furthermore, it has been shown that lower pH has two important negative influences: 1) it enhances viral fusion via the endosomal route, thereby facilitating viral multiplication; and 2) it facilitates increased production of inflammatory cytokines, thereby exacerbating the cytokine storm. Read More

Transplant Cell Ther 2021 Apr 10;27(4):292-300. Epub 2020 Dec 10.

Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, California; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Dr Jack S. Remington Laboratory for Specialty Diagnostics, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, California.

Infection due to the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii can be life-threatening in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. Most cases of toxoplasmosis in HSCT recipients result from reactivation of latent infection in individuals who were Toxoplasma-seropositive before transplantation and did not receive appropriate prophylaxis. Pretransplantation screening with Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies is suggested for all allogeneic HSCT recipients and their donors and all autologous HSCT recipients. Read More

Leg Med (Tokyo) 2021 Apr 1;51:101872. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Forensic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu Suwon-si, Gyeongi-do 16419, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Recently, a method of identifying body fluids using DNA methylation has been developed (Frumkin et al., 2011). An existing multiplex assay using 9 CpG markers could differentiate 5 body fluids: semen, blood, saliva, menstrual blood, and vaginal fluid. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2021 ;2284:445-455

Danish Center for Newborn Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Clinical Metabolomics Lab, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Noninvasive biomarkers are required for addressing crucial clinical needs. The ideal biomarker should be easily accessible and provide a unique characteristic for a healthy status or a pathological condition. In the last years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as promising tissue-based biomarkers for several diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2021 Mar;33(3):334-337

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Haikou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Haikou 570208, Hainan, China. Corresponding author: Wu Yudan, Email:

Objective: To observe the application effect of respiratory stepwise management in patients with septic shock combined with acute lung injury (ALI).

Methods: 100 patients with septic shock combined with ALI were selected as the research objects in Haikou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical College of Central South University from January 2018 to June 2020. Fifty patients were given endotracheal intubation or invasive ventilation on the basis of conventional treatment (conventional treatment group). Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2021 Mar;33(3):263-268

Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive performance of the individualized drug delivery decision-making system including Smart Dose, PharmVan and JPKD on predicting the Vancomycin plasma concentration and to analyze the related factors affecting the predictive performance.

Methods: The clinical data of patients who were treated with Vancomycin and received therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2018 to July 2020 were retrospectively collected. Smart Dose and PharmVan were used to predict the plasma concentration of Vancomycin of the initial regimen. Read More

Injury 2021 Apr 2. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Acetabular fracture open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is generally associated with high intraoperative blood loss. Hypotensive anesthesia has been shown to decrease blood loss and intraoperative transfusion in total joint arthroplasty and posterior spinal fusion. In this study, we assessed the effect of reduction in intraoperative mean arterial pressures (MAPs) during acetabular fracture surgery on intraoperative blood loss and need for transfusion. Read More

PLoS One 2021 8;16(4):e0249526. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Division of Protein Engineering, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in body fluids constitute heterogenous populations, which mirror their diverse parental cells as well as distinct EV-generation pathways. Various methodologies have been proposed to differentiate EVs in order to deepen the current understanding of EV biology. Equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation has often been used to separate EVs based on their buoyant densities; however, the standard conditions used for the method do not necessarily allow all EVs to move to their equilibrium density positions, which complicates the categorization of EVs. Read More