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Endocrine 2021 Mar 27. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Department of Histopathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.

Objectives: The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines called for significantly more selective I therapy in patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). We hypothesized that application of these guidelines would significantly reduce the I activity utilized by an academic tertiary hospital in Jordan.

Methods: All DTC patients managed at Jordan University Hospital (JUH) between 1/2009 and 6/2019 were classified according to the 2015 ATA risk category and I activity was assigned accordingly. Read More

Drug Metab Dispos 2021 May 25;49(5):345-352. Epub 2021 Feb 25.

Departments of Pharmaceutics (L.M.H., K.E.T.), Biostatistics (T.A.T.), and Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.E.H., B.B.B.), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon

Alaska Native people are under-represented in genetic research but have unique gene variation that may critically impact their response to pharmacotherapy. Full resequencing of in a cross-section of this population identified () a novel, relatively common single nucleotide polymorphism hypothesized to confer CYP2C9 poor metabolizer phenotype by disrupting the start codon. is present at a minor allele frequency of 6. Read More

Magn Reson Imaging 2021 05 11;78:58-68. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.

Purpose: Non-contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) techniques are of considerable interest for diagnosing vascular diseases in the upper extremities owing to the possibility of repeated examinations, sufficient coverage of the measurement volume, and because possible side effects of administering iodine- or gadolinium-based contrast agents and radiation exposure can be avoided. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of an optimized electrocardiogram (ECG) triggered Cartesian quiescent interval slice selective (QISS) technique for MRA of hand arteries.

Material And Methods: Both hands of 20 healthy volunteers (HVs) were examined using an optimized QISS-MRA pulse sequence at 1. Read More

J Neurosci 2021 Mar 3;41(12):2723-2732. Epub 2021 Feb 3.

Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York 10962

Early life is a sensitive period, in which enhanced neural plasticity allows the developing brain to adapt to its environment. This plasticity can also be a risk factor in which maladaptive development can lead to long-lasting behavioral deficits. Here, we test how early-life exposure to the selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine, affects motivation, and dopaminergic signaling in adulthood. Read More

Open Biol 2021 Feb 3;11(2):200306. Epub 2021 Feb 3.

Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of developmental disabilities, the aetiology of which remains elusive. The endocannabinoid (eCB) system modulates neurotransmission and neuronal plasticity. Evidence points to the involvement of this neuromodulatory system in the pathophysiology of ASD. Read More

Eur Heart J Case Rep 2020 Dec 7;4(6):1-7. Epub 2020 Nov 7.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, L524, UCSF Box 0103, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA.

Background: There are significant risks of parenteral prostacyclin use in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD), which may limit their use. Selexipag is an oral, selective prostacyclin analogue that has been shown to reduce disease progression and improve exercise capacity in patients with PAH-CHD. Administering Selexipag in patients with PAH-CHD could potentially overcome some of the risks of parenteral therapy while improving clinical outcomes. Read More

Rinsho Ketsueki 2020 ;61(12):1647-1653

Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology), Shiga University of Medical Science.

Venetoclax, a selective BCL-2 inhibitor, is prescribed clinically for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment. However, it is unclear if known chromosomal or genetic abnormalities associated with AML also influence BCL-2 expression. Few studies have examined BCL-2 expression in AML-related precursor neoplasms such as primary myeloid sarcoma (MS) and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN). Read More

Rofo 2020 Dec 21. Epub 2020 Dec 21.

Institute of Radiology, University Medical Center, Erlangen, Germany.

Background:  Radiologists have been administering gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) in magnetic resonance imaging for several decades, so that there is abundant experience with these agents regarding allergic-like reactions, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) and gadolinium retention in the brain.

Methods:  This review is based on a selective literature search and reflects the current state of research on acute adverse effects of GBCA, NSF and brain retention of gadolinium.

Results:  Due to the frequent use of GBCA, data on adverse effects of these compounds are available in large collectives. Read More

AANA J 2020 Oct;88(5):359-364

is an assistant professor of anesthesiology in the Wake Forest School of Medicine Nurse Anesthesia Program and director of simulation at Bowman Gray Center for Experiential and Applied Learning.

Because of the high incidence and untoward effects of emergence delirium in the pediatric population, investigating pharmacologic measures for preventing this phenomenon is important to the anesthesia provider. Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α agonist, has been shown to prevent emergence delirium in the perioperative setting; however, recommendations for best practice regarding use of this medication are not widely available. Barriers to the use of dexmedetomidine may include side effects such as bradycardia and delayed emergence, as well as limited evidence for the best practice of timing, method, and dosing of dexmedetomidine. Read More

Int Heart J 2020 Sep 12;61(5):944-950. Epub 2020 Sep 12.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine.

Clinical experience with landiolol use in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and a severely depressed left ventricular (LV) function is limited. We compared the efficacy and safety of landiolol with that of digoxin as an intravenous drug in controlling the heart rate (HR) during AF associated with a very low LV ejection fraction (LVEF).We retrospectively analyzed 53 patients treated with landiolol (n = 34) or digoxin (n = 19) for AF tachycardias with an LVEF ≤ 25. Read More

Kidney Int 2021 01 31;99(1):148-160. Epub 2020 Aug 31.

Sepsis Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York, USA; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA.

In sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, kidney blood flow may increase despite decreased glomerular filtration. Normally, angiotensin-II reduces kidney blood flow to maintain filtration. We hypothesized that sepsis reduces angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1R) expression to account for this observation and tested this hypothesis in a patient case-control study and studies in mice. Read More

Blood 2021 Feb;137(7):929-938

Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Consolidative radiation therapy (RT) for advanced-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains controversial, with routine practice continuing to include RT in patients with initial bulky disease or residual masses. Positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography is a sensitive modality for detecting the presence of residual disease at the end of treatment (EOT). A PET-guided approach to selectively administering RT has been the policy in British Columbia since 2005. Read More

J Clin Pharmacol 2021 Feb 31;61(2):244-253. Epub 2020 Aug 31.

Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, California, USA.

Relacorilant is a selective modulator of the glucocorticoid receptor in development for the treatment of several serious diseases. The widely used cocktail method was employed to assess relacorilant's effect on various cytochrome P450 (CYP) drug metabolizing enzymes in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 as well as induction of CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 were assessed in vitro (relacorilant concentrations up to 10 µM). Read More

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2020 ;63(2):91-93

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (THPP) is a disease characterized by recurrent episodes of muscle weakness due to intracellular potassium shifting in the presence of high levels of thyroid hormone. It occurs more commonly amongst young Asian men with underlying Graves' disease. Attacks are commonly precipitated by ingestion of carbohydrate-rich meals or alcohols, stress or strenuous exercise. Read More

Drug Des Devel Ther 2020 21;14:2889-2898. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: Postoperative pain management for patients undergoing hepatic resection is still a challenge due to the risk of perioperative liver dysfunction. The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a promising regional analgesic technique. However, the correct guidelines regarding the dose and regimen of local anesthetics in patients undergoing hepatic resection have yet to be established completely. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Aug 3;21(15). Epub 2020 Aug 3.

Division of Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. In this study, to investigate the effect of microglial elimination on AD progression, we administered PLX3397, a selective colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor, to the mouse model of AD (5xFAD mice). Amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and amyloid precursor protein (APP), carboxyl-terminal fragment β, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 levels were evaluated in the cortex and hippocampus. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020 08 15;529(3):554-561. Epub 2020 Jul 15.

Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:

Stroke ranks as the second leading cause of disability and death globally. Trigger receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) -1 are responsible for the activation of the innate immune response and also play a critical role in inflammation. In this study, we reported the contribution of TREM-1 after ischemic damage in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Read More

Mol Pharmacol 2020 10 28;98(4):487-496. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Anesthesiology Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (H.B.G.); University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (S.P., S.R.S., P.T.K.); MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (K.E.B.); and Biostatistics Division, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (J.S.M.)

Opioids are some of the most potent analgesics available. However, their effectiveness is limited by the development of analgesic tolerance. Traditionally, tolerance was thought to occur by termination of -opioid receptor (MOR) signaling via desensitization and internalization. Read More

Transl Psychiatry 2020 07 25;10(1):255. Epub 2020 Jul 25.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.

Finding new antidepressant agents is of high clinical priority given that many cases of major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond to conventional monoaminergic antidepressants such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Recent findings of effective fast-acting antidepressants indicate that there are biological substrates to be taken advantage of for fast relief of depression and that we may find further treatments in this category. In this vein, the cholinergic system may be a relatively overlooked target for antidepressant medications, given its major role in motivation and attention. Read More

J Neurosci 2020 07 29;40(31):5894-5907. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 4N1, Canada

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a critical role in evaluating outcomes in a changing environment. Administering opioids to the OFC can alter the hedonic reaction to food rewards and increase their consumption in a subregion-specific manner. However, it is unknown how mu-opioid signaling influences synaptic transmission in the OFC. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2020 29;13:4905-4915. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China.

Background: Vemurafenib is a selective BRAF inhibitor with significant early effects in melanoma, but resistance will develop with the duration of treatment. Therefore, overcoming vemurafenib resistance can effectively improve the survival rate of melanoma. The transcriptional activity of is necessary to maintain the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2020 06;46(6):922

A generally healthy and independent 83-year-old man presented with long-standing, mild to moderate glaucoma. He had uneventful cataract surgery several years earlier. He also had previous selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) with only slight reduction in his intraocular pressure (IOP). Read More

Front Oncol 2020 12;10:674. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States.

M3814, also known as nedisertib, is a potent and selective DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor under phase 2 clinical trials. ABCG2 is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family that is closely related to multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that M3814 can modulate the function of ABCG2 and overcome ABCG2-mediated MDR. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2020 Aug 22;128:110264. Epub 2020 May 22.

Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan. Electronic address:

In the intestine, the formation of new lymphatic vessels from pre-existing lymphatic vasculature (lymphangiogenesis) is related to the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it remains unclear whether lymphangiogenesis contributes to mucosal repair after acute colitis. Prostaglandin Ereceptor EP4 suppresses the development of experimental colitis. Read More

J Neurointerv Surg 2020 Aug 15;12(8):828. Epub 2020 May 15.

Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Intraarterial chemotherapy (IAC) for retinoblastoma has notably changed the natural history of the disease and stands as an encouraging example of selective drug delivery. Targeted drug delivery allows achieving a high drug concentration within target tissue along with low systemic concentration. This maintains a high safety profile along with a high efficacy rate (97%). Read More

Obes Surg 2020 Sep;30(9):3365-3369

Health Science and Administration College, Istanbul Gelişim University, Cihangir, Jandarma Komando Er, Cihangir Mahallesi Şehit Jandarma, J. Kom. Er Hakan Öner Sk. No. 1, Avcılar, 34310, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: To analyze how considering the structure of normotonic pylorus (NP) or hypotonic pylorus (HP) contributes to treatment success in patients administered gastric botulinum toxin A for weight loss.

Materials And Methods: We measured body mass indexes (BMIs) of the patients who applied for gastric botulinum toxin A (BTA) for weight loss, before and 6 months after the procedure. The patients' pylori were classified as normotonic pylorus (NP) if, during endoscopy, they had a normal peristaltic motion and was closing completely, and as hypotonic pylorus if they were not closing properly or were aperistaltic. Read More

Behav Sleep Med 2020 May 12:1-19. Epub 2020 May 12.

School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.

: Sleep disturbances are a significant problem for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Existing research supports the use of parent-implemented, functional behavior assessment (FBA)-informed interventions for sleep problems in children with ASD. There is also emerging evidence for combined parent- and young person-implemented behavioral sleep interventions for older children and adolescents with ASD. Read More

Neuropsychopharmacology 2020 11 28;45(12):1994-2002. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark and University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Cocaine addiction is a chronic illness characterized by maladaptive drug-induced neuroplastic changes that confer lasting vulnerability to relapse. Over several weeks we observed the effects of the M receptor-selective agonist VU0364572 in adult male rats that self-administer cocaine in a cocaine vs. food choice procedure. Read More

Food Res Int 2020 06 17;132:109106. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Montanuniversität Leoben, General and Analytical Chemistry, Franz-Josef-Straße 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria.

In order to meet the increasing customer demand for local food products, various methods for verification of food origin by means of region specific trace element fingerprinting have been developed. However, for products from conventional agriculture, without a close relationship to the local soil, other methods for food authentication are required. In an alternative approach, foodstuffs produced in a certain region, by a specific producer or under certain conditions can be safeguarded against imitation by chemical labeling. Read More

J Exp Psychol Gen 2020 Nov 16;149(11):2063-2083. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Department of Psychology.

Selective amnesia for previously established memories can be induced by administering drugs that impair protein synthesis shortly after memory reactivation. Competing theoretical accounts attribute this selective post-retrieval amnesia to drug-induced engram degradation (reconsolidation blockade) or to incorporation of sensory features of the reactivation experience into the memory representation, hampering later retrieval in a drug-free state (memory integration). Here we present evidence that critically challenges both accounts. Read More