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Hinyokika Kiyo 2020 Jun;66(6):171-176

The Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine.

A 49-year-old male visited our department of gastroenterology with chief complaints of blackish feces and ill complexion in February 1997. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a right retroperitoneal tumor, which was removed the same month. Histopathological examination showed teratoma and yolk sac tumor. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2020 6;2020:7957045. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.

Identification of a new agent from natural products for the protection of embryonic anomalies is potentially valuable. To investigate the protective effect exerted by lycopene against nicotine-induced malformations, mouse embryos in embryonic day 8.5 with yolk sac placentas were cocultured with 1 mM nicotine and/or lycopene (1 × 10, 1 × 10 M) for 48 h. Read More

Indian J Cancer 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Extragonadal germ cell tumors (GCTs) of head and neck region account for 5% of all benign and malignant GCTs. Orbit is an uncommon site for occurrence of extragonadal GCTs. Pure yolk sac tumor (YST) of orbit is a rare neoplasm and only a few cases are reported in the literature. Read More

Front Immunol 2020 9;11:1038. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) is an acute phase protein produced mainly by the liver to participate in immunomodulation in both sterile and non-sterile inflammation. However, non-hepatic tissues can also synthesize SAA1. It remains to be determined whether SAA1 synthesized locally in the placenta participates in parturition via eliciting inflammatory reactions. Read More

Nagoya J Med Sci 2020 May;82(2):323-333

Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) are natural or synthetic chemical compounds that interfere with normal endocrine function in both wildlife and humans. Previous studies have indicated that EEDs may contribute to oncogenesis. This study explores the relationship between EEDs and pediatric germ cell tumors (GCTs). Read More

World J Urol 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of International Medical Services, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.

Introduction: Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare malignant germ cell tumor, which usually affects young males. Because of the low incidence, few studies on YST have been published. In our study, we aim to investigate the clinical characteristics, survival and risk factors of male YST patients based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. Read More

Am J Clin Pathol 2020 Jun 20. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.

Objective: To explore the clinical and pathologic features of ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumors (JGCTs).

Methods: Clinical data, histopathologic observations, immunohistochemical results, FOXL2 mutation status, and follow-up information of 7 JGCT cases were studied.

Results: The patients most commonly presented with abdominal distension and pain (5 cases), followed by precocious puberty (1 case) and a pelvic mass (1 case). Read More

Mod Pathol 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 beta (HNF1β) is a transcription factor which plays an important role during early organogenesis, especially of the pancreato-biliary and urogenital tract. Furthermore, HNF1β is an established marker in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer and shows a distinct nuclear expression in the clear cell carcinoma subtype. Recently, it has been described in yolk sac tumor, which represents a common component in many non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Read More

Histopathology 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Aims: Tumors of the female genital tract with a combination of malignant Mullerian and germ cell or trophoblastic tumor (MMGC/T) components are usually diagnosed in postmenopausal women and pursue an aggressive clinical course characterized by poor response to therapy and early relapses. These clinical features suggest that MMGC/T are somatic in origin, but objective molecular data to support this interpretation are lacking. This study evaluates the molecular features of 9 MMGC/T, including 7 tumors containing yolk sac tumor (YST), 1 tumor containing choriocarcinoma and 1 tumor containing epithelioid trophoblastic tumor. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2020 Jun 4:1066896920929751. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Henry Ford Health System, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.

Cystic trophoblastic tumor (CTT) is an uncommon trophoblastic proliferation of germ cell tumor origin, mostly reported in post-chemotherapy metastases of testicular germ cell tumors and rarely primary untreated testicular tumors. To date, we are not aware of occurrence in a non-testicular tumor. A 12-year-old boy presented with limb swelling, increased appetite, weight gain, and precocious puberty. Read More

Diagn Pathol 2020 Jun 3;15(1):68. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, [Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute] IDIBELL, Feixa Llarga S/N., 08907. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a germ cell neoplasm that arises predominantly in the gonads, but can also derive from somatic neoplasms in extragonadal locations. These latter cases have been documented in several organs, although reports from the urinary tract are limited. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a bladder urothelial carcinoma with a predominant component of YST differentiation. Read More

Semin Diagn Pathol 2020 May 13. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Florida-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL.

Germ cell tumors in the mediastinum are rare and often occur in young patients but may occur in older patients. Seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma and teratoma have distinct morphologic features with high grade nuclei. They are the primary diagnostic consideration in young males but may be lower on the list in older patients, where they may be misdiagnosed as carcinomas. Read More

Pediatr Dev Pathol 2020 May 19:1093526620915987. Epub 2020 May 19.

Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Teratoid hepatoblastoma (HB) is a variant of mixed HB described as having a mixture of heterologous components. A 3-year-old boy presented for a liver transplant evaluation due to persistent HB. His liver was biopsied as well as a perirenal mass. Read More

Mod Pathol 2020 May 13. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Ovarian germ cell tumors, including yolk sac tumors, are most commonly diagnosed in children and young women. Most so-called yolk sac tumors reported in women >35 years old have been associated with an epithelial proliferation (endometriosis or carcinoma). Here, we describe eight cases clinically diagnosed as uterine or ovarian germ cell tumors in women >35 years old. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2020 May 3;46:151527. Epub 2020 May 3.

Sikl's Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Teaching Hospital in Plzen, Charles University, Plzen, Czech Republic; Bioptical Laboratory, Ltd., Plzen, Czech Republic. Electronic address:

Undifferentiated (sarcomatoid) carcinomas may closely mimic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) due to possible histological and immunohistochemical overlap between these two entities. To avoid unnecessary employment of a wide spectrum of immunohistochemical stainings and molecular genetics and thus decrease costs, finding simple morphological features to target further investigation of such neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract would be helpful. Five cases classified as undifferentiated (sarcomatoid) carcinomas with a definite proof of the diagnosis, i. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020 May 7. Epub 2020 May 7.

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Recently, the oxidative stress and immunotoxicity biomarkers have been extensively used in embryotoxicity using fish embryos as promising models especially after exposure to chemical-like environmental estrogens. Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an estrogenic endocrine disruptor and is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment. Larvae of Labeo rohita were exposed to low concentrations of BPA (10, 100, 1000 μg/l) for 21 days. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Jan;47(1):87-90

Dept. of Hematology, Kanto Rosai Hospital.

A man in his late teens presented to our hospital with left-sided chest pain. CT showed a 12 cm sized anterior mediastinal tumor and tiny nodules in the bilateral lower lobe of the lungs. The patient also had elevated serum AFP and hCG levels. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2020 Jun 28;36(6):701-709. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.

Purpose: To determine the features which predict torsion and the pre-operative indicators of malignancy in cases of ovarian torsion in ovarian tumors (OTs) in children.

Methods: The medical records of 35 pediatric patients who underwent surgery for OT, except for neonate cases, from 1997 to 2018 at our institution were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The pathological diagnosis was mature teratoma in 17, immature teratoma in 9, yolk sac tumor in 3, and others in 6. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2020 Jun;45(6):483-486

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC; and Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Yolk sac tumor is a rare and highly malignant germ cell tumor. We report a case of yolk sac tumor primarily in the pancreas in a 32-year-old man. He presented with pancreatitis at presentation with significantly increased serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Read More

Histopathology 2020 Apr 18. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Case Rep Womens Health 2020 Jul 3;27:e00198. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.

Background: Ovarian endodermal sinus tumors (ESTs) are rapidly growing and highly malignant tumors that respond well to chemotherapy. They can be difficult to diagnose and delayed diagnosis can worsen prognosis.

Case: We present the case of a 20-year-old woman with an EST initially misdiagnosed as a tubo-ovarian abscess who then experienced rapid progression within weeks of initial presentation and was subsequently found to have unresectable advanced stage disease. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2020 Apr 6. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

School of Medical Informatics, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.

Purpose: Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare malignant germ cell tumor and typically occurs in gonads. It is extremely rare in the brain, especially in the fourth ventricle.

Methods: This study reported the case of a 3-year-old boy with intermittent vomiting for 11 days and then intermittent twitch for 5 h. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2020 Jun 28;36(6):727-734. Epub 2020 Mar 28.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, No. 195 Wenhui Rd, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, China.

Background: SALL4 is a zinc finger transcription factor that exerts its physiological role during embryo-fetal development. Analyses of SALL4 expression have shown its oncogenic role in precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, acute and chronic myeloid leukemia, gastrointestinal, breast, and lung cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical profile of SALL4 in pediatric yolk sac tumors (YSTs). Read More

Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2019 Feb;25(2):144-149

Department of Urology / Urology Institute of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.

Objective: To compare the clinical characteristics of simple testicular yolk sac tumor (YST) in children with those in adults so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the malignance.

Methods: This study included 75 cases of simple testicular YST pathologically confirmed between May 2008 and July 2018, which were divided into groups A (aged <18 years, n = 64) and B (aged ≥18 years, n = 11). We analyzed the clinical data on all the cases and compared the clinical manifestations, laboratory results, pathological findings, clinical stages, treatment methods and prognostic outcomes between the two groups of patients. Read More

Int J Gynecol Pathol 2020 Mar 23. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Ovarian carcinoma with a somatically derived yolk sac tumor component is a phenomenon known to mostly occur in postmenopausal women. Herein, we report an ovarian endometriosis-associated somatic yolk sac tumor arising in the background of a low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinoma in a young woman. A 27-yr-old woman presented with abdominal pain, subsequently recognized to be caused by a right ovarian mass undergoing torsion. Read More

Acad Pathol 2020 Jan-Dec;7:2374289520909497. Epub 2020 Mar 17.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA.

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2020 Jul;44(7):e66-e79

Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.

The International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) organized a Consultation Conference in March 2019 dealing with applications of molecular pathology in Urogenital Pathology, including testicular tumors (with a focus on germ cell tumors [GCTs]), preceded by a survey among its members to get insight into current practices in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) diagnostics and adoption of the ISUP immunohistochemical guidelines published in 2014. On the basis of the premeeting survey, the most commonly used immunomarker panel includes OCT3/4, placental alkaline phosphate, D2-40, SALL4, CD117, and CD30 for GCTs and the documentation of germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS). Molecular testing, specifically 12p copy gain, is informative to distinguish non-GCNIS versus GCNIS related GCTs, and establishing germ cell origin of tumors both in the context of primary and metastatic lesions. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020 04 20;301(4):1021-1026. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Objective: Due to the rarity of recurrent and persistent malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs), there is no standardized protocol for salvage therapy. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with recurrent and persistent MOGCTs.

Methods: Clinical data for 59 patients with recurrent and persistent MOGCTs admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 2000, to April 30, 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020 Mar 12;20(3):189-195. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.

: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common neoplasia in the young male population, and the incidence has been constantly increasing in many parts of the world. These tumors are classified into seminomas and non-seminomas, and those divided, in turn, into yolk sac tumors, embryonal cell carcinomas, choriocarcinomas, and teratomas. Although therapeutic approaches have improved, approximately 25% of the patients relapse or, in a small number of cases, show platinum-resistant disease. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2020 24;12:1347-1354. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features, treatment, and feto-maternal outcomes of pregnancy complicated by malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs), to increase the awareness on this condition.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with MOGCTs during pregnancy, who were treated and followed-up at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2000 to December 2017. The demographic characteristics, pathological features, treatment and prognosis were analyzed. Read More

Methods Enzymol 2020 13;635:95-110. Epub 2019 Sep 13.

Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States. Electronic address:

Microglia are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS), and they constitute 15-20% of the total glial populations. They have wide developmental and protective functions during brain injury, infection and tumorigenesis. Originally thought to derive from postnatal hematopoietic progenitors, it has recently been demonstrated that microglia originate from primitive myeloid progenitor cells that arise during early development from the embryonic yolk sac. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020 Mar 2. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Clinical Science and Education Karolinska Institutet, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.

Objectives: To describe the clinical and sonographic characteristics of malignant ovarian yolk sac tumors.

Methods: In this retrospective multicenter-study we included 21 patients with a histological diagnosis of ovarian yolk sac tumor where still images and/or videoclips were available. Ten patients collected from the IOTA-studies, had undergone a standardized preoperative ultrasound examination by an experienced ultrasound examiner between 1999 and 2016. Read More

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020 04 6;40(4):e87-e104. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology (H.M.P., A.T., N.C., A.Z., E.A.V.J.), KU Leuven, Belgium.

Objective: Impaired ALK1 (activin receptor-like kinase-1)/Endoglin/BMP9 (bone morphogenetic protein 9) signaling predisposes to arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Activation of SMAD1/5 signaling can be enhanced by shear stress. In the genetic disease hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, which is characterized by arteriovenous malformations, the affected receptors are those involved in the activation of mechanosensitive SMAD1/5 signaling. Read More

Open Med (Wars) 2020 4;15:65-70. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, People's Republic of China.

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) localized extragonadally are rare, with only 14 reported cases of a yolk sac tumor in the endometrium. Here we report a case of mixed endometrium GCTs in a 65-year-old postmenopausal woman with abnormal vaginal bleeding. An ultrasound examination showed an oval-shaped mass in the patient's uterine cavity. Read More

Angiogenesis 2020 Aug 4;23(3):325-338. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide with a rising incidence, and is the leading cause of cancer-related death among females. Angiogenesis plays an important role in breast cancer growth and metastasis. In this study, we identify decylubiquinone (DUb), a coenzyme Q analog, as a promising anti-breast cancer agent through suppressing tumor-induced angiogenesis. Read More

Urologe A 2020 Mar;59(3):278-283

Zentrum für Kinder‑, Jugend- und rekonstruktive Urologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, der Universität Heidelberg, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim GmbH, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland.

In prepubertal boys, testicular tumors are rare with an incidence between 2 and 5/million. In contrast to testicular tumors in adolescents and adults, more than 2/3 of these tumors are benign. Unfortunately, in Germany in most cases, only malignant tumors (usually yolk sac tumors) are reported to the study center (MAKEI IV and now V). Read More

Anticancer Res 2020 Feb;40(2):759-766

Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

Background/aim: Yolk sac tumour (YST) is a rare malignant ovarian germ cell tumour that often occurs in young women or adolescents and exhibits an unfavourable outcome. To evaluate the biological behavior of carcinomas in vitro, permanent tumour cell lines are required. However, previously, only a few human YST cell lines have been established. Read More

Gynecol Oncol 2020 Apr 31;157(1):89-93. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Objective: To evaluate trends in the surgical management of young women and pediatric patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) and associated survival outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database we identified patients under 40 years who underwent surgery between 1994 and 2014. The Joinpoint Regression Program was employed to investigate the presence of temporal trends and calculate average annual percent change (AAPC) rates. Read More

Case Rep Oncol Med 2020 3;2020:3787250. Epub 2020 Jan 3.

Department of Neurological Critical Care Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, 1925 Pacific Avenue, Atlantic City, NJ, USA.

Extragonadal germ cell tumors are a rare entity that is more prevalent in infants and young children, with preference to midline structures. The category of intracranial germ cell tumors is divided into pure germ cell tumors (GCTs) versus nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs). They are usually present in the second decade of life with a male preponderance. Read More

South Asian J Cancer 2020 Jan-Mar;9(1):27-29

Department of Radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Background: Primary mediastinal malignant germ cell tumour (PMMGCT) is rare with unsatisfactory prognosis and pose difficulty in management due to lack of guidelines.

Methods: All cases of PMMGCT diagnosed and treated between years 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively evaluated for clinico-pathological features, multimodality treatment and follow up.

Results: Among a total of five PMMGCT cases, three were seminomatous and two were non seminomatous tumour [Yolk- sac tumour (n-1) and Mixed tumour (n-1)]. Read More

Int Cancer Conf J 2020 Jan 2;9(1):5-8. Epub 2019 Aug 2.

1Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.

A 66-year-old man was referred to our hospital for an incidentally detected 40-mm mass located at the inter-aortocaval area around the renal hilum. Positron emission tomography CT revealed high accumulation (SUV 12.382) without distant metastasis. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2019 14;34:87. Epub 2019 Oct 14.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, El Omrane Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.

Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) can simulate yolk sac tumor if the location is ovarian. In this case, the morphological distinction between these tumors is often difficult, but immunohistochemistry, the determination of CA125, of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and the response to chemotherapy are particularly useful for solving this differential diagnosis problem. Endometrial and vaginal localization is even rare and appears to be related to distilbene uptake for vaginal localization. Read More

Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2019 1;12(9):3549-3554. Epub 2019 Sep 1.

Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Background: Yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are the second most common germ cell malignancy of the ovaries generally present in children and young women. YSTs arising in combination with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) in older women are rarely reported. The YST components in such cases often show a marked morphological and immunophenotypic overlap with epithelial neoplasms, making diagnosis difficult. Read More

J Comput Assist Tomogr 2020 Mar/Apr;44(2):193-196

From the Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze retrospectively the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of pediatric vaginal endodermal sinus tumor (EST) and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in a case series.

Methods: Seven children with vaginal EST and 2 children with vaginal RMS underwent MRI and/or computed tomography examination before the biopsy and treatment. Images were evaluated by 2 observers for the following features: (a) tumor extent; (b) margin; (c) tumor shape; (d) tumor size; (e) architecture (solid, cystic, or mixed cystic-solid); (f) hemorrhage, necrosis, and calcification; (g) magnetic resonance T2 signal intensity; (h) pattern of the enhancement; and (i) signal intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jan 9;13(1). Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, AIIMS Jodphur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Yolk sac tumours of the ovary are rare and highly malignant germ cell tumours, which comprise of only 10%-15% of all malignant germ cell tumours. They have various clinical presentations most common being subacute pelvic pain and feeling of lump but sometimes high-grade fever can be one of the rare presentations. Here, we present a case report of a 26-year-old nulliparous woman with 36 weeks gravid uterus size advanced stage yolk sac tumour of one ovary with fever as main clinical presentation and overt hypothyroidism. Read More

Pancreatology 2020 Apr 31;20(3):551-557. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: Yolk sac tumors (YSTs) of the pancreas are extremely rare, and no drug responsiveness data are available regarding YSTs.

Methods: We report a pancreatic YST in a 70-year-old woman, and its chemotherapeutic responsiveness based on clinical records and evaluation of a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) line of the YST.

Results: The YST was an 11-cm, solid mass located in the pancreatic tail. Read More

Int J Urol 2020 Mar 8;27(3):206-212. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Objectives: To analyze predictors associated with viable cells in pulmonary residual lesions after chemotherapy for metastatic testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors and to develop models to prioritize pulmonary resection.

Methods: Between 2008 and 2017, 40 patients underwent pulmonary metastasectomy after chemotherapy for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. We evaluated these patients, and 326 pulmonary residual lesions were confirmed using computed tomography and pathological evaluations. Read More

Mod Pathol 2020 Jun 7;33(6):1193-1206. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Immature teratoma is a subtype of malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary that occurs most commonly in the first three decades of life, frequently with bilateral ovarian disease. Despite being the second most common malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary, little is known about its genetic underpinnings. Here we performed multiregion whole-exome sequencing to interrogate the genetic zygosity, clonal relationship, DNA copy number, and mutational status of 52 pathologically distinct tumor components from ten females with ovarian immature teratomas, with bilateral tumors present in five cases and peritoneal dissemination in seven cases. Read More

Acta Biomed 2019 12 23;90(4):599-602. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Department of Pediatrics, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.

Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare tumor that usually occurs in the first two decades of life. It is considered the second most common malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary, characterized by a rapid growth and a bad prognosis due to the frequent metastasis. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who came to our observation for an acute abdominal pain. Read More