J La State Med Soc 2017 May-Jun;169(3):85-87. Epub 2017 Jun 23.

Department of Radiology at Tulane University, Health Sciences Center - New Orleans, LA.

A 39 year-old male with a history of diabetes, retinitis pigmentosa, and genital warts presented with intractable occipital headaches accompanied with nausea and vomiting. The patient had markedly depressed CD4 counts. Furthermore the patient tested negative for HIV and HTLV 1/2 and had normal immunoglobulin levels. Read More

J La State Med Soc 2017 May-Jun;169(3):63-67. Epub 2017 Jun 23.

Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine - New Orleans, LA.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a common virus that can cause genital warts and certain cancers. The HPV vaccine is effective in preventing many HPV-associated diseases, however, vaccination rates suggest many remain unprotected. This study examined successful strategies used by physicians to improve HPV vaccination rates. Read More

Am J Epidemiol 2017 Jun 21. Epub 2017 Jun 21.

We examined effectiveness of HPV vaccination by dose number and interval against incident genital warts in a cohort of 64,517 females in the United States during 8/2006-9/2012. Eligible females were classified into 0, 1-dose, 2-dose < 6 months apart, 2-dose ≥6 months apart, and 3-dose groups and followed until genital wart diagnosis, loss to follow-up, or end of study. Propensity score weights were used to balance baseline differences across groups. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Jun 21. Epub 2017 Jun 21.

Department of Laryngology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

The role of different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of oral and oropharyngeal papillomas remains unclear. High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of significant proportion of squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx. In this study, we hypothesized that in some oropharyngeal papillomas, low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) and HR-HPV infection could co-exist, similar to what is observed in genital warts, and thus contribute to the elevated risk of malignancy. Read More

Sex Health 2016 Oct;13(5):489-490

Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, 580 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia.

Australian-born women aged ≤32 years were eligible for the free female human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program introduced in 2007. A total of 1165 heterosexual couples attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between 2011 and 2014 were included in this analysis. Findings showed the odds of having penile warts was 0. Read More

Am J Mens Health 2017 Jul 22;11(4):791-800. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

3 Center for Women's Health Research and Innovation, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Little is known about the sexual health of male veterans. This study used nationally representative data from the 2011 to 2013 National Survey of Family Growth to compare sexual behaviors and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between male veterans and nonveterans. The sample included 3,860 men aged 18 to 44 years who reported ever having sex with a man or woman. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2017 Jul;77(1):e9-e10

Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.

J Cancer 2017 11;8(7):1263-1270. Epub 2017 May 11.

Central Laboratory, Guizhou Medical University Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P. R. China.

The prevalence of infection by different genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) varies among different geographic areas. We studied the prevalence of infection by 21 HPV genotypes in cervical tissue specimens from 4213 women in the Guiyang district, that is located in the southwest of China and is dominated by minor ethnicities of Chinese, and 2074 cases in our cohort had pathological diagnosis available. The overall infection rate was 36. Read More

Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017 Jun 12. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

a Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston , Texas.

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been available for over a decade but its uptake rate is still low. To explore the relationship between the HPV vaccination status of a child and their mother's beliefs, behaviors and knowledge, we surveyed 1497 women with at least one child aged 9-17 years between September 2011 and November 2015. Physician recommendation was the most important factor associated with reported child vaccination status. Read More

Gynecol Oncol 2017 Jun 8. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Cervical clinic, Maccabi Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Objective: Genital warts are the most common sexually transmitted disease and have a detrimental impact on quality of life. Genital warts could be prevented by prophylactic HPV vaccination. The objective was to study real-life benefit of opportunistic HPV vaccination on age and gender specific incidence of genital warts. Read More

Sex Health 2017 Jun 8. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Background: Female-only human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination will fail to protect men who have sex with men (MSM) against HPV and its sequelae (i.e. genital warts and anal cancers). Read More

Virology 2017 Aug 29;508:180-187. Epub 2017 May 29.

VCU Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. Electronic address:

Human papillomaviruses are causative agents in several human diseases ranging from genital warts to ano-genital and oropharyngeal cancers. Currently only symptoms of HPV induced disease are treated; there are no antivirals available that directly target the viral life cycle. Previously, we determined that the cellular protein TopBP1 interacts with the HPV16 replication/transcription factor E2. Read More

Int J STD AIDS 2017 Jan 1:956462417711622. Epub 2017 Jan 1.

8 Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

This review about the proactive sequential therapy (PST) of external genital and perianal warts (EGW) is based on the most current available clinical literature and on the broad clinical experience of a group of international experts, physicians who are well versed in the treatment of human papillomavirus-associated diseases. It provides a practical guide for the treatment of EGW, including epidemiology, etiology, clinical appearance, and diagnostic procedures for these viral infections. Furthermore, the treatment goals and current treatment options, elucidating provider- and patient-applied therapies, and the parameters driving treatment decisions are summarized. Read More

Infect Agent Cancer 2017 25;12:29. Epub 2017 May 25.

Discipline of Public Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2nd Floor George Campbell Building, Mazisi Kunene Road, 4041 Durban, South Africa.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain an important public health problem with approximately half a billion new cases annually among persons aged 15-49 years. Epidemiological data on STIs among women of reproductive age in Swaziland are limited. The availability of epidemiological data on STIs and associated risk factors in this population is essential for the development of successful prevention, diagnosis and management strategies in the country. Read More

Semergen 2017 May - Jun;43(4):265-276. Epub 2017 May 23.

Unidad de Ginecología Oncológica, Instituto Clínico de Ginecología y Obstetricia y Neonatología (ICGON), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of 5% of human cancers. HPV infection is necessary for the development of cervical cancer and is responsible of a variable percentage of cancers of anus, vulva, vagina, penis, and oropharynx. Since 2007, 2 vaccines against HPV have been commercially available in Spain: bivalent (HPV types 16/18), and tetravalent (HPV types 6/11/16/18). Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2017 Jun;129(6):1155-1156

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with anogenital cancer (including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and anal), oropharyngeal cancer, and genital warts. The HPV vaccination significantly reduces the incidence of anogenital cancer and genital warts. Despite the benefits of HPV vaccines, only 41. Read More

PLoS One 2017 22;12(5):e0177762. Epub 2017 May 22.

Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has proven to be the cause of several severe clinical conditions on the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, oropharynx and penis. Several studies have assessed the costs of cervical lesions, cervical cancer (CC), and genital warts. However, few have been done in Africa and none in Swaziland. Read More

Mutat Res 2017 Apr - Jun;772:13-22. Epub 2016 Sep 23.

Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus responsible for the development of cervical cancer, anal cancer, head and throat cancers, as well as genital area warts. A major focus of current HPV research is on preventing the virus from entering a cell and transferring its genetic material to the nucleus, thus potentially preventing the development of cancer. Although the available HPV vaccines are extremely successful, approximately 15 additional cancer-causing HPVs have been identified that the vaccines do not protect against. Read More

Front Pediatr 2017 2;5:95. Epub 2017 May 2.

Department of Medicine of Systems, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.

WHIM syndrome is a condition in which affected persons have chronic peripheral neutropenia, lymphopenia, abnormal susceptibility to human papilloma virus infection, and myelokathexis. Myelokathexis refers to the retention of mature neutrophils in the bone marrow (BM), which accounts for degenerative changes and hypersegmentation. Most patients present heterozygous autosomal dominant mutations of the gene encoding CXCR4. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2017 Mar 1;11(3):WC01-WC05. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

Junior Resident, Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab. India.

Introduction: Condyloma Acuminata (CA) is a common viral sexually transmitted disease. Although various treatment modalities are available for treating CA, but none of them can achieve 100% response rate. In a search for better response rate and less recurrence rate, the combination of cytotoxic agent Podophyllin with ablative liquid nitrogen cryotherapy was evaluated over cryotherapy alone. Read More

Vaccine 2017 Jun 9;35(25):3342-3346. Epub 2017 May 9.

Universidad Católica de Valencia 'San Vicente Mártir', C/ Espartero, 7, 46007 Valencia, Spain; Vaccine Research Unit, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Avda. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain. Electronic address:

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of the HPV vaccines in preventing genital warts in young women.

Design: Population-based study using health databases.

Setting: Valencian Community (Spain). Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2017 Jun;44(6):365-370

From the * Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine; †Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; and ‡Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC.

Background: The impact of fewer than 3 doses of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine on genital warts is uncertain.

Methods: Using the Truven Health Analytics Marketscan administrative database, we compared rates of genital warts among women receiving 0, 1, 2, or 3 doses of HPV vaccine. Females aged 9 to 18 years on January 1, 2007, who were continuously enrolled in the database through December 31, 2013, were included. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2017 Jun 8;7(2):249-254. Epub 2017 May 8.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Bielefeld University Hospital, Teutoburger Strasse 50, 33604, Bielefeld, Germany.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) alone is thought to cause ~610,000 cases of cancer per year, and is the dominant aetiological agent for ano-genital (esp. cervical) and head and neck cancers (esp. oropharyngeal). Read More

Biosci Trends 2017 May 6. Epub 2017 May 6.

Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IBS, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are common and generally harmless, but persistent infections can bring health problems like cancer and genital warts. For the uninfected group, HPV vaccines provide safe and effective protection, but they're type-restricted and expensive. For those infected, so far there have been a handful of treatments for HPV-associated benign or malignant diseases, traditional Chinese medicine being one of them. Read More

NCHS Data Brief 2017 Apr(280):1-8

Key Findings: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States (1). Some HPV types can cause genital warts and are considered low risk, with a small chance for causing cancer. Other types are considered high risk, causing cancer in different areas of the body including the cervix and vagina in women, penis in men, and anus and oropharynx in both men and women (2). Read More

Urologe A 2017 Jun;56(6):728-733

Urologische Klinik, Klinikum Memmingen, Bismarckstraße 23, 87700, Memmingen, Deutschland.

As a worldwide very common sexually transmitted infection (STI), HPV causes millions of genital warts every year and is responsible for 5% of all cancers in men and women. With strong empirical evidence for both vaccine safety and efficacy, the HPV vaccines proved to protect against these HPV-related conditions over the last decade. But current HPV vaccination coverage is suboptimal in many countries. Read More

Indian J Sex Transm Dis 2017 Jan-Jun;38(1):54-59

Department of Skin and STD, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a global health problem. Trends of STIs vary from place to place depending on various epidemiological factors prevailing in that respective geographic area.

Aims And Objectives: The present study was conducted to find the pattern and prevalence of different STIs out of total STI clinic attendees, to identify any change in the trend of STIs, various epidemiological factors, and behavior of individual diseases. Read More

Indian J Sex Transm Dis 2017 Jan-Jun;38(1):43-46

Institute of Venereology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Context: A "Transgender" person is one who dresses as, desires to be, has undergone surgery to become or identifies with opposite sex. They have a higher risk of sexually transmitted infection (STI) due to a combination of biological and social reasons. They have risky sexual behaviors but low-risk perception. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2017 Apr 25. Epub 2017 Apr 25.

Dermatology Department, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France.

GATA2 mutations have been identified in various diseases, such as monoMAC syndrome, Emberger syndrome, familial myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, and dendritic cell, monocyte, B and NK cell deficiency. These syndromes present a wide range of clinical features, dominated by severe infections and haematological disorders such as myelodysplastic syndrome. Up to 70% of GATA2-mutated patients have dermatological features, mainly genital or extra-genital warts, panniculitis or erythema nodosum, and lymphedema. Read More

Arch Dermatol Res 2017 Apr 24. Epub 2017 Apr 24.

Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare genodermatosis associated with susceptibility to beta-human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. EV patients develop disseminated warts and non-melanoma skin cancer, mainly squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) that are locally aggressive. EV pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, but alterations in the p16 gene play a role in the pathogenesis of neoplasms caused by high-risk genital HPV. Read More

NCHS Data Brief 2017 Apr(280):1-8

Key Findings: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ● During 2011-2014, prevalence of any oral human papillomavirus (HPV) for adults aged 18-69 was 7.3%; high-risk HPV was 4.0%. Read More

Sex Transm Infect 2017 May;93(3):230

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017 Jun 8;213:142-143. Epub 2017 Apr 8.

Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación I+12, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Infect Agent Cancer 2017 11;12:19. Epub 2017 Apr 11.

Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO)-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia Spain.

Background: In addition to cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for a significant proportion of cancers and precancerous lesions of the vulva, vagina, anus, penis, head and neck, as well as genital warts. We estimated the annual number of new cases of these diseases attributable to 9-valent HPV vaccine types in women and men in Europe.

Methods: The annual number of new cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, penis, and selected head and neck sites in the population of the European Medicines Agency territory was estimated based on age-specific incidence rates extracted from Cancer Incidence in 5 Continents, Volume X and Eurostat population data for 2015. Read More

Braz J Infect Dis 2017 Apr 8. Epub 2017 Apr 8.

Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:

The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of external genital lesions (EGLs), specifically histologically confirmed condyloma (genital warts) and Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PeIN), and genital HPV infection progression to EGLs among healthy men aged 18-73 residing in Brazil. Subjects included 1118 men enrolled in the HPV Infection in Men (HIM) study between July 2005 and June 2009. At each visit, EGLs were biopsied and subjected to pathological evaluation. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2017 Apr 11:1-9. Epub 2017 Apr 11.

a Department of Dermatology , Bispebjerg Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark.

A multitude of infectious diseases of viral (genital herpes, herpes zoster, genital warts and molluscum contagiosum), bacterial (syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, donovanosis, erysipelas, cellulitis and necrotising fasciitis, folliculitis, impetigo, bartholin gland abscess, trichomycosis and erythrasma), fungal (candidiasis and dermatophytosis) and parasitic (pediculosis pubis) origin may affect the vulvar area. Herein, we review the infections and their skin manifestations in the vulvar area. Read More

J Med Virol 2017 Apr 8. Epub 2017 Apr 8.

Department of Dermatovenereology, Bulovka Hospital, 2nd Medical Faculty Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.

Transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a premise for development of cervical dysplasia and genital warts (GWs). This cross-sectional study assesses concordance of HPV types present in GWs or cervical dysplasia in women and genital infection of their monogamous male partners in conjunction with seroprevalence of HPV-6, -11, -16, and -18 antibodies. Blood was taken from both women and men, as well a smear of the urogenital area of men. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2017 Apr 5;17(1):249. Epub 2017 Apr 5.

Institute of Hygiene, Laboratory of Public Health and Population Studies, University of Padua, Via Loredan 18, 35121, Padua, Italy.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted pathogens. This observational study was conducted to estimate the trend of hospitalization for genital warts (GWs) in the Veneto region (Italy) from 2004 to 2015.

Methods: All patients with GWs were identified in the hospital discharge records of all public and accredited private hospitals that related to Veneto residents and contained the ICD9-CM code 078. Read More

Gynecol Oncol Rep 2017 May 18;20:75-77. Epub 2017 Mar 18.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Plastic Surgery Dr. Ivan Mañero, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: The number of patients seeking sex reassignment surgery is increasing. Approximately 1:30,000 adult males and 1: 100,000 adult females seek this procedure. Neovaginal-related disorders after sex reassignment surgery are increasingly more common. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2017 Jun;129(6):e173-e178

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with anogenital cancer (including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and anal), oropharyngeal cancer, and genital warts. The HPV vaccination significantly reduces the incidence of anogenital cancer and genital warts. Despite the benefits of HPV vaccines, only 41. Read More

J Invest Dermatol 2017 Apr;137(4):796-797

Dermatology and Academic Wound Healing, Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. Electronic address:

Hyperthermia increases expression of the antiviral cellular factors APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G and induces G-to-A or C-to-T mutations in human papilloma virus cervical cell lines and genital warts. This unexpected effect of heat treatment correlated with regression of genital warts in a subset of patients, including at distant sites, suggesting that this effect may be mediated in part by antiviral as well as immunological mechanisms. Read More

N Z Med J 2017 Mar 24;130(1452):9-16. Epub 2017 Mar 24.

Foundation Year Two Doctor, Taunton and Somerset Foundation Trust, UK.

Aim: To investigate whether changes in rates of genital warts diagnosis at Auckland Sexual Health Service (ASHS), pre and post the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (4vHPV) vaccine introduction in late 2008, differed between clients vaccine-eligible and not eligible.

Method: All new clients attending ASHS from 2007 to 2013 were categorised as having genital warts or not. Generalised linear mixed models were used to compare differences in rates of change in diagnoses. Read More

J Public Health (Oxf) 2017 Mar 14:1-8. Epub 2017 Mar 14.

Postgraduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer and plays a relevant role in the development of genital warts and of the cancer of penis and anus, head/neck, oropharynx and genitourinary system. The aim of this study is the evaluation of hospitalizations due to HPV-related pathologies in 2001-12 in Italy.

Methods: The national hospital discharge forms were provided by the Ministry of Health. Read More

Med J Aust 2017 Mar;206(5):204-209

The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW.

Objectives: To examine the impact of the national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program (available to girls and women [12-26 years] since 2007 and to boys [12-15 years] since 2013) on the number of diagnoses of genital warts in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) people.

Design, Setting, Participants: Analysis of routinely collected data from patients attending 39 sexual health clinics (SHCs) in the Genital Warts Surveillance Network for the first time.Major outcome: The average annual proportion of Indigenous and non-Indigenous SHC patients diagnosed with genital warts during the pre-vaccination (2004-2007) and vaccination periods (2008-2014), stratified by age group and sex. Read More

Womens Health Issues 2017 Mar - Apr;27(2):228-236. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Department of Community and Family Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.

Background: Vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) has the potential to significantly reduce morbidity and mortality associated with genital warts and HPV-related cancers. However, HPV vaccination rates continue to be suboptimal among the "catch-up" population of 18- to 26-year-old women. One consistent risk factor for nonvaccination is being in a relationship. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2017 Jan 1;11(1):WC01-WC04. Epub 2017 Jan 1.

Assistant Professor, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, D.Y. Patil University , Kolhapur, Maharastra, India .

Introduction: Ano-Genital Warts (AGW) like other Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) is associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. This study of AGW was done in HIV positive and HIV negative patients.

Aim: To study the risk factors and clinical presentations of ano-genital warts in HIV positive and negative patients. Read More

Dermatol Surg 2017 Apr;43(4):485-493

*Department of Dermatology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom; †Department of Dermatologic Surgery and Laser Unit, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Warts or verrucae vulgaris are common cutaneous infections with currently no definitive curative treatments available.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the treatment of warts.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was performed using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Read More

Andrologia 2017 Mar 6. Epub 2017 Mar 6.

Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

It remains unknown whether human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in semen affect sperm DNA integrity. We investigated whether the presence of these viruses in semen was associated with an elevated sperm DNA fragmentation index. Semen samples of 22 normozoospermic patients undergoing infertility treatment, nine fertile donors and seven fertile men with a risk of HPV infection (genital warts or condylomas) were included in the study. Read More