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Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jun 26;157:111118. Epub 2022 Mar 26.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Introduction: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality and is associated with a higher incidence of congenital heart defects, which often require surgery within the first year of life. Previous studies have found that children with Down syndrome are at higher risk for subglottic stenosis, vocal fold paralysis, and laryngomalacia. The goal of this study is to review children with Down syndrome presenting with dysphonia and to characterize their laryngeal pathologies. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2022 Feb 2:103380. Epub 2022 Feb 2.

Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To explore the novel technique of percutaneous endoscopic suture lateralization for bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) in neonates from Shenzhen, China, and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the operation.

Methods: In this retrospective case series, we present four neonates with BVCP diagnosed within 3 days after birth from Shenzhen Children's Hospital. All had stridor, respiratory distress and hypoxemia requiring respiratory support at diagnosis. Read More

Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) 2022 02 3;69(2):105-108. Epub 2022 Feb 3.

Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address:

Vocal cord paralysis is a rare but severe complication after orotracheal intubation. The most common cause is traumatic, due to compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve between the orotracheal tube cuff and the thyroid cartilage. Other possible causes are direct damage to the vocal cords during intubation, dislocation of the arytenoid cartilages, or infections, especially viral infections. Read More

Laryngoscope 2022 Feb 15. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: Contemporary evaluation of vocal fold motion impairment largely relies on clinical laryngoscopy, with the diagnoses of vocal fold paresis (VFPa) and paralysis (VFP) being based on identification of partial and complete restriction of gross vocal fold motion, respectively. No consensus exists on the diagnostic criteria of VFPa. Laryngeal electromyography does not offer any insight into nerve conduction velocity without the adjunction of nerve conduction studies, which are impractical to perform on laryngeal nerves due to their anatomic location. Read More

Mymensingh Med J 2022 Jan;31(1):154-160

Dr Sudhangshu Shekhar Biswas, Associate Professor, ENT and Head Neck Surgery Department, BIRDEM General Hospital & Ibrahim Medical College (IMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:

The technique of thyroidectomy has been in evolution for many years. It is a basic rule of surgery that an important structure of a human body must be recognized certainly during the surgical procedure in order to prevent its damage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate our routine identification and without identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy aiming to lessen the inadvertent injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021 Dec 30:34894211065805. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Objectives: Transoral laser surgery for glottic stenosis (transverse cordotomy and anteromedial arytenoidectomy (TCAMA)) is often complicated by granulation tissue (GT) formation. GT can cause dyspnea and may require surgical removal to alleviate airway obstruction. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have been shown to reduce benign vocal fold granulomas, however its use to prevent GT formation has not been described. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2022 Mar-Apr;43(2):103334. Epub 2021 Dec 21.

Otolaryngology Department, Kasr Al-Ainiy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. Electronic address:

Background: A prospective randomized study was conducted on 40 patients with true bilateral vocal fold abductor paralysis. The patients under the study were divided into 2 groups, group (A) including 20 patients who underwent laser posterior cordotomy and another group (B) including 20 patients who underwent combined laser posterior cordotomy with suture lateralization, the patients under the study presented at otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic at faculty of medicine, Cairo University. The study was conducted in the period from January 2018 till January 2021. Read More

Case Rep Otolaryngol 2021 6;2021:7368567. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Department of Otolaryngology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.

Congenital vocal fold paralysis (VFP) is an important cause of respiratory compromise in infants. It can either be unilateral or bilateral, while imaging is routinely performed for bilateral VFP to evaluate for potential neurological causes, and such a practice may not be routine for unilateral VFP. While many of the unilateral VFP cases are idiopathic, the cause may occasionally be more sinister in nature, such as tumors. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Apr 2;279(4):1995-2002. Epub 2021 Dec 2.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 111, Szeged, 6725, Hungary.

Purpose: Endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy (EAAL) is a reliable surgical solution for the minimally invasive treatment of bilateral vocal fold palsy (BVFP), providing a stable airway by the lateralization of the arytenoid cartilages with a simple suture. The nondestructive manner of the intervention theoretically leads to higher regeneration potential, thus better voice quality. The study aimed to investigate the respiratory and phonatory outcomes of this treatment concept. Read More

J Voice 2021 Oct 24. Epub 2021 Oct 24.

Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Kharian, Punjab, Pakistan.

Objective: To analyze the efficacy of a modified approach to thyroplasty type one using prolene mesh implant.

Study Design: Interventional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Combined Military Hospital Kharian, Pakistan, in Ent department, from July 2020 to Jan 2021. Read More

Clin Spine Surg 2022 03;35(2):E292-E297

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the exact incidence of vocal cord palsy (VCP) caused by previous anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) and aid surgeons in deciding the approach direction in revision ACSS.

Summary Of Background Data: The incidence of VCP detected by preoperative laryngoscopic screening before revision ACSS appeared to be much higher in previous reports than in our experience. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021 Oct 13:34894211047829. Epub 2021 Oct 13.

Division of Laryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA.

Objective: Evidence demonstrates neurotropism is a common feature of coronaviruses. In our laryngology clinics we have noted an increase in cases of "idiopathic" vocal fold paralysis and paresis in patients with no history of intubation who are recovering from the novel SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus (COVID-19). This finding is concerning for a post-viral vagal neuropathy (PVVN) as a result of infection with COVID-19. Read More

AANA J 2021 Oct;89(5):443-448

is a staff CRNA at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Email:

Vocal cord paralysis (VCP) is the absence of movement of one or both vocal cords and can be neurogenic or mechanical in origin. Causes include surgical injury, intubation, malignancy, neurologic diseases, and trauma. Whether temporary or permanent, VCP increases the risk of respiratory distress and aspiration in the perioperative period. Read More

Laryngoscope 2022 02 28;132(2):459-460. Epub 2021 Sep 28.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, U.S.A.

J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2021 Sep;51(3):250-252

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Mangalore, India.

Thyroiditis can be due to infection/autoimmunity with different clinical presentations. Correctly diagnosing and initiating treatment is a challenge to the treating physician. We present two cases of thyroiditis, who approached the physician for different complaints. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Apr 5;279(4):1655-1662. Epub 2021 Sep 5.

Department of Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases of N.V. Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 6/1, Bol'shayaPirogovskaya St., 119021, Moscow, Russia.

Objective: Review literature data on the coblation method in otorhinolaryngology.

Materials And Methods: All materials from our study are published in peer-reviewed journals. The review is PubMed generated. Read More

J Voice 2021 Aug 30. Epub 2021 Aug 30.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: To correlate the surgical results of vocal fold mass excision with pre-operative existence of vocal fold paresis.

Methods: Data were collected on 66 patients who underwent excision of benign vocal fold masses from 2015 to 2020. The pre- and post-operative strobovideolaryngoscopy (SVL) examinations for all patients included were evaluated blindly by three otolaryngologists using THE Voice-Vibratory Assessment with Laryngeal Imaging (VALI) Form for scar severity, mucosal wave, free edge contour, glottal closure, and phase closure. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021 Sep 1:34894211041226. Epub 2021 Sep 1.

Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Objective: Iatrogenic vocal fold paralysis is an important issue in laryngology, yet there are few population-based studies regarding the epidemiology. This study used a nationwide population-based claims database (the National Health Insurance Research Database) to investigate the epidemiology of iatrogenic unilateral and bilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP/BVFP) among the general adult population in Taiwan.

Method: This study analyzed patients (20-90 years old) who underwent thyroid, parathyroid, thoracic, cardiac, or anterior cervical spine operations with vocal fold paralysis among adults in Taiwan from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2013. Read More

Surg Radiol Anat 2021 Nov 27;43(11):1745-1751. Epub 2021 Aug 27.

Laboratory of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Étienne, France.

Background: Bilateral laryngeal reinnervation can be a promising procedure for reanimation of laryngeal muscles, but currently not yet standardized. Besides patient conditions some intraoperative anatomical pitfalls need to be solved.

Methods: Twelve human head and neck specimens (24 sides) have been studied using microdissection and histological serial sections of the nerves. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Aug 13;14(8). Epub 2021 Aug 13.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical Center, Meguro-ku, Japan.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021 Nov 18;278(11):4391-4401. Epub 2021 Jul 18.

Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.

Objectives: Bilateral adductor vocal cord paralysis (BAVCP) is a rare and challenging condition whose main consequence is reduction of airway patency at the glottic level, often causing respiratory distress, while vocal function tends to remain almost normal. We investigated the effect of transoral glottal widening on quality of life and decannulation rates in patients affected by BAVCP.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients affected by BAVCP and treated by transoral CO posterior cordotomy with or without medial partial arytenoidectomy (PC ± MPA) at two referral centers. Read More

OTO Open 2021 Apr-Jun;5(2):2473974X211023728. Epub 2021 Jun 16.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 08;147(8):745-752

School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Importance: Vocal fold paralysis (VFP) results from the disruption of neural motor outputs to laryngeal muscles. Children with VFP manifest various degrees of difficulties in phonation, breathing, and swallowing. Although the etiologic characteristics and symptoms of VFP are well established in adults, corresponding clinical profiles are notably different in children. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2022 Apr 10;131(4):445-449. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Objectives: There are numerous well-described benefits to breastfeeding to both infant and mother. Even in healthy children with an uncomplicated perinatal course, there may be significant struggles maintaining a breastfeeding relationship. Infants with a complicated clinical course have been shown to benefit even more from the provision of breastmilk, however they are seldom encouraged to feed directly at the breast. Read More

Laryngoscope 2021 12 9;131(12):2740-2746. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.

Objectives: Laryngeal vibratory asymmetry occurring with paresis may result in a perceptually normal or abnormal voice. The present study aims to determine the relationships between the degree of vibratory asymmetry, acoustic measures, and perception of sound stimuli.

Study Design: Animal Model of Voice Production, Perceptual Analysis of Voice. Read More

Front Neurol 2021 19;12:619545. Epub 2021 May 19.

Department for Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, adverse neurological effects have been described. In addition to unspecific neurological symptoms, cranial nerve deficits have appeared as part of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this case report, we describe a 74-year-old patient who developed bilateral paralysis of the vocal cords some weeks following his dismissal in stable condition after COVID-19 pneumonia. Read More

Curr Otorhinolaryngol Rep 2020 Dec 3;8(4):395-401. Epub 2020 Sep 3.

Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Nashville, TN, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Present the state-of-the-art overview of laryngeal pacing for treatment of bilateral vocal fold paralysis. A minimally invasive unilateral pacing system and a fully implantable bilateral pacing system are currently in clinical trials. The relative advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2021 07 26;56(7):2366-2369. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Stridor is a common symptom associated with foreign body aspiration. In most cases, this is due to the foreign bodies lodging in the supraglottis, glottis, subglottis, or high extra-thoracic trachea. Infrequently, foreign bodies located in the esophagus cause stridor. Read More

Laryngoscope 2021 09 2;131(9):E2566-E2572. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Objective: Selective electrical surface stimulation (SES) of the larynx is not yet routinely considered therapy option in treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). Goal of this monocentric feasibility study was to provide systematic data on applicability of SES of intrinsic laryngeal muscles in UVFP under consideration of sensitivity and discomfort thresholds and nonselective side effects.

Methods: Thirty-two UVFP patients were included in the study. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 15;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

A 67-year-old man presented with progressive diplopia. On evaluation, he was noted to have bilateral palsies of cranial nerves III, IV and VI as well as a unilateral right true vocal fold paralysis. CT and MRI studies demonstrated a T2-bright left ethmoid mass with no evidence of bony erosion. Read More