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Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Jul 7;103:1348-1354. Epub 2018 May 7.

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address:

Combination-based chemotherapies have been the standard treatment for multiple solid tumors since the 1960s. Combined therapies where both agents have toxicity results in dose-limiting effects. α- tocopherol succinate (TS) is an analogue of vitamin E that exhibits antitumor properties in the absence of toxicity. Read More

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2017 Aug 23;1(3):197-200. Epub 2017 May 23.

University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Worcester, Massachusetts.

Clenbuterol is a beta-agonist that has been abused by fitness-oriented individuals for muscle growth and weight loss. We report a case of a 46-year-old man who presented tachycardic, hypokalemic, and hyperglycemic after injecting testosterone obtained from Brazil. He developed refractory hypotension and was started on an esmolol infusion for suspected beta-agonist toxicity. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 May 18. Epub 2018 May 18.

Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

Ochratoxin A (OTA), is a natural contaminant of the food chain worldwide involved in the development of different type of cancers in animals and humans. Several studies suggested that oxidative damage might contribute to increase the cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity capabilities of OTA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of δ-tocotrienol (Delta), a natural form of vitamin E, against OTA-induced nephrotoxicity. Read More

Vet Res Forum 2018 15;9(1):35-41. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is known to reduce fertility. The protective effects of (SP) against CP-induced testicular toxicity were investigated. Male Wistar rats were categorized into eight groups (n = 7). Read More

Breast J 2018 Apr 23. Epub 2018 Apr 23.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Carolina, NC, USA.

Radiation therapy (RT) plays an important role in the management of breast cancer. Radiation-induced fibrosis is a side effect of radiation therapy and may occur in up to 13% of the cases in patients (Radiother Oncol, 2009;90:80), fortunately usually is modest/localized and not associated with marked symptoms. However, occasionally, fibrosis can be moderate-to-severe, and cause clinically-meaningful symptoms. Read More

Biomacromolecules 2018 Apr 11. Epub 2018 Apr 11.

Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 , PR China.

A multifunctional nanoparticulate system composed of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(l-histidine)-d-α-vitamin E succinate (MPEG-PLH-VES) copolymers for encapsulation of doxorubicin (DOX) was elaborated with the aim of circumventing the multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer treatment. The MPEG-PLH-VES nanoparticles (NPs) were subsequently functionalized with biotin motif for targeted drug delivery. The MPEG-PLH-VES copolymer exerts no obvious effect on the P-gp expression level of MCF-7/ADR but exhibited a significant influence on the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the reduction of intracellular ATP level, and the inhibition of P-gp ATPase activity of MCF-7/ADR cells. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Jun 5;102:645-652. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.

The present study pertains to the possible adverse effects of penconazole exposure on the lung of adult rats, and to the potential ability of vitamin E (Vit E) in mitigating the toxicity induced by this fungicide. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six animals each: Group I (Controls): rats drank distilled water; Group II (PEN): rats received, by gavage, 50 mg/kg body weight (1/40 LD) of penconazole every 2 days during 10 days; Group III (Vit E): rats received daily 100 mg α-tocopherol acetate/kg body weight during 10 days by gavage; and Group IV (Vit E + PEN): rats received both vitamin E (100 mg α-tocopherol acetate/kg body weight) and penconazole (50 mg/kg body weight), being vitamin E given as a daily dosage and penconazole every 2 days, by gavage during 10 days. Results showed that penconazole induced oxidative stress in the lung demonstrated by an increase in malondialdehyde (+77%), hydrogen peroxide (+58%) and advanced oxidation protein product (+22%) levels, as compared to the controls. Read More

Food Res Int 2018 Apr 29;106:149-155. Epub 2017 Dec 29.

Dongguk University, Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

The absorption kinetics of food ingredients such as nanoemulsified vitamin E and green tea microstructures were evaluated by the intestinal in situ single perfusion technique. Absorption rate, sub-acute oral toxicity and organ morphology in a rat model were examined. The intestinal in situ single perfusion technique and HPLC analysis were applied to investigate the absorption rate of selected materials by examining time-dependent changes in the serum levels of catechin and dl-α-tocopherol. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 04 20;499(1):8-16. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Department of Gastroenterology, Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China. Electronic address:

Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Although a decrease in its incidence is observed, gastric cancer still poses a major clinical challenge due to poor prognosis and limited treatments. Barbaloin (BBL) is a main medicinal composition of the Chinese traditional medicine aloe vera. Read More

Mol Genet Metab 2018 Apr 23;123(4):449-462. Epub 2018 Feb 23.

Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address:

Oxidative stress is a known contributing factor in mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) disease pathogenesis. Yet, no efficient means exists to objectively evaluate the comparative therapeutic efficacy or toxicity of different antioxidant compounds empirically used in human RC disease. We postulated that pre-clinical comparative analysis of diverse antioxidant drugs having suggested utility in primary RC disease using animal and cellular models of RC dysfunction may improve understanding of their integrated effects and physiologic mechanisms, and enable prioritization of lead antioxidant molecules to pursue in human clinical trials. Read More

J Control Release 2018 Apr 7;276:102-112. Epub 2018 Mar 7.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Electronic address:

This study aimed to formulate nanocrystal-polymer particles (NPPs) containing the potent p38α/β MAPK inhibitor PH-797804 (PH-NPPs) and to test their extended-release properties over months in comparison to those of conventional PH microparticles for the intra-articular treatment of inflammatory and mechanistic murine models mirroring aspects of human osteoarthritis (OA). The steps of the study were (i) to formulate PH nanocrystals (wet milling), (ii) to encapsulate a high payload of PH nanocrystals in fluorescent particles (spray drying), (iii) to assess in vitro drug release, (iv) to evaluate PH-NPP toxicity to human OA synoviocytes (MTT test), (v) to investigate the in vivo bioactivity of the particles in mice in an inflammatory antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) model (using histology and RT-qPCR) and (vi) to investigate the in vivo bioactivity of the particles in the OA model obtained by mechanistic surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) (using histology, micro-CT, and multiplex ELISA). The PH nanocrystals stabilized with vitamin E TPGS had a monomodal size distribution. Read More

Int J Cosmet Sci 2018 Apr 14;40(2):103-116. Epub 2018 Apr 14.

Institute of Macromolecules (IMA/UFRJ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941598, Brazil.

The antioxidative and photoprotective properties of vitamin E have caused it to be included as an active agent in various pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. However, its lipophilicity, chemical instability and poor skin penetration have limited the effectiveness of these formulations. For that reason, many attempts to include it in different drug delivery systems have been made. Read More

Niger J Physiol Sci 2017 Dec 30;32(2):207-212. Epub 2017 Dec 30.

Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta.

To investigate the effects of vitamin C and E on electrolyte profile and the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in Aluminium (Al) chloride exposed rats, thirty-six male rats were used for this study. The animals were randomly grouped into six (n=6); group I (Control) was given normal saline. Group II (Al only) was exposed to 20mg/kg body weight (BW) of Al. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Jan-Feb;29(1):19-29

Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Cisplatin is one of the important antineoplastic drugs. Its clinical use has been restricted due to severe kidney toxicity. Nigella sativa (N. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Apr 13;25(12):11694-11702. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.

Imidacloprid (IM) is a neonicotinoid insecticide, used in a wide range of agricultural activities worldwide. However, it results in ecosystem disturbances and signs of toxicity in human and animals. The current study was designed to elucidate the protective effects of omega-3-fatty acids (OFAs) and vitamin E (Vit E) against IM hepatotoxicity in Japanese quails. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2018 Apr 9;114:69-77. Epub 2018 Feb 9.

Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt.

Fipronil (FPN) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that is extensively used in agriculture and veterinary applications. However, FPN is also a potent environmental toxicant to animals and humans. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the protective role of rosuvastatin (ROSU) and vitamin E (Vit E) against FPN-induced hepatorenal toxicity in albino rats. Read More

Indian J Nucl Med 2018 Jan-Mar;33(1):20-24

Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

Purpose: Iodine-131 is used as a radiopharmaceutical to treat thyroid cancer. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamins E and C on the level of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) caused by Radioiodine-131 (I-131) in human lymphocytes.

Materials And Methods: Whole blood samples from human volunteers were incubated with a certain concentration of vitamins. Read More

Chemosphere 2018 Apr 11;197:513-525. Epub 2018 Jan 11.

Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a kind of pollutants which could stimulate stress reaction in plant cells. In this study, we systematically verify that PAHs could induce an oxidative stress in plants, and describe their damages on wheat leaf subcellular structure and organelle, together with the contributions of antioxidants working against reactive oxygen species. The observation of transmission electron microscope exhibits that cell structures become plasmolyzed and distorted, and organelles disappear under phenanthrene (a model PAH) treatments. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2017 20;2017:6048936. Epub 2017 Nov 20.

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Excessive concentrations of glutamate in the brain can be excitotoxic and cause oxidative stress, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, the effects of vitamin E in the form of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) and alpha-tocopherol (-TCP) in modulating the glutamate receptor and neuron injury markers in an model of oxidative stress in neural-derived embryonic stem (ES) cell cultures were elucidated. Read More

Folia Med Cracov 2017 ;57(4):13-26

Unit for Clinical Dietetics, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Śniadeckich 5, Kraków, Poland.

Introduction: Oxidative stress with an excessive free radical production and a reduction in the activity of protective antioxidants is considered as one of the mechanisms responsible for gluten toxicity. However, its role in celiac disease (CD) is unclear.

Objectives: Evaluation of plasma nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity in patients with CD (both untreated patients and those receiving gluten-free diet [GFD]) by measuring the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as well as assessing selected plasma antioxidants. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2018 Feb 3;112:194-204. Epub 2018 Jan 3.

Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Biochanin A is a major isoflavone in red clover and a potent chemopreventive agent against cancer. However, the effects of biochanin A on human osteosarcoma cells have never been clarified. This study investigated the anti-proliferative potential of biochanin A in osteosarcoma cells. Read More

Toxicol Lett 2018 Mar 2;285:94-103. Epub 2018 Jan 2.

Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3135, United States; Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology, United States. Electronic address:

Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), an amphiphilic polymeric biocide, increased liver tumor incidence in male and female rats at 1000 and 1500 mg/L in drinking water, but not at 500 mg/L in previous studies. In another study, PHMB administered in diet at 4000 mg/kg was negative for hepatocellular tumors. The present studies evaluated bioavailability and distribution of PHMB administered in drinking water and diet and possible modes of action (MOA). Read More

Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2017 Dec;38(6):401-407

Di Bella Foundation, Via Guglielmo Marconi 51 Bologna, 40122, Italy.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Despite all efforts, about 11,939 deaths and 50,000 new diagnoses for breast cancer were estimated among Italian women in 2016. Therefore new approaches are needed to improve the survival and higher remission rates. Read More

Biosci Rep 2017 Dec 22. Epub 2017 Dec 22.

Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China

Although fluoride has been widely used in toothpaste, mouthwash, and drinking water to prevent dental caries, the excessive intake of fluoride can cause fluorosis which is associated with dental, skeletal, and soft tissue fluorosis. Recent evidences have drawn the attention to its adverse effects on male reproductive system that include spermatogenesis defect, sperm count loss, and sperm maturation impairment. Fluoride induces oxidative stress through the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade which can lead to cell apoptosis. Read More

Hum Exp Toxicol 2018 Mar 23;37(3):295-308. Epub 2017 Mar 23.

1 Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

This study was planned to determine arsenic (As) (10 mg/kg body weight given through oral gavage) induced behavioral and cholinergic perturbations in three different age groups of rats; young (postnatal day 21), adult (3 months), and aged (18 months) at 7 days post-acute exposure ( n = 6 for each of the four groups of all three age points). Further, we also evaluated the ameliorative effect of essential metal zinc (Zn; 0.02% through drinking water) and an antioxidant, α-tocopherol (vitamin E; 125 mg/kg body weight through oral gavage) against As-induced neurotoxicity. Read More

Int J Pharm 2018 Jun 5;544(2):380-391. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States. Electronic address:

Cystinosis is an orphan disease caused by a genetic mutation that leads to deposition of cystine crystals in many organs including cornea. Ophthalmic manifestation of the disease can be treated with hourly instillation of cysteamine eye drops. The hourly eye drop instillation is tedious to the patients leading to poor compliance and additionally, significant degradation of the drug occurs within one week of opening the bottle, which further complicates this delivery approach. Read More

Acta Biochim Pol 2017 5;64(4):635-639. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

Department of Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.

Arsenic is a worldwide environmental pollutant that generates public health concerns. Various types of cancers and other diseases, including neurological disorders, have been associated with human consumption of arsenic in drinking water. At the molecular level, arsenic and its metabolites have the capacity to provoke genome instability, causing altered expression of genes. Read More

Biomedicines 2017 Dec 1;5(4). Epub 2017 Dec 1.

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University Putra Malaysia, Jalan Upm, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.

Astrocytes are known as structural and supporting cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Glutamate, as a main excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, can be excitotoxic, playing a key role in many chronic neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the potential of vitamin E in protecting glutamate-injured primary astrocytes. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2017 24;44(3):870-883. Epub 2017 Nov 24.

Military Hygiene Department, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Background/aims: Iron overload (IO) is accompanied by hepatic inflammation. The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) mediates inflammation, and its overexpression is associated with IO. However, whether IO results in CCL2 overexpression in the liver and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Read More

Environ Int 2018 Feb 15;111:309-315. Epub 2017 Nov 15.

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a neurotoxicant known to affect the developing fetal brain as a sensitive target organ. As most mercury (Hg) in blood is MeHg, total mercury (THg) levels in blood are used to estimate the body burden of MeHg. The nutrients selenium (Se), vitamin E, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are protective against MeHg toxicity. Read More

Toxicology 2018 01 31;393:1-8. Epub 2017 Oct 31.

Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoe Shosse 80, 125367, Moscow, Russia.

Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal that is capable of accumulating in the body via direct exposure or through the alimentary and respiratory tract, leading to neurodegeneration. In this article, we show that the application of CdCl (0.001-0. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Jan 6;97:518-527. Epub 2017 Nov 6.

Laboratory of Histology Embryology and Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia.

Imidacloprid (IMI) is a widely used in Tunisia and abroad, and high doses of IMI have been known to cause endocrine disruption. Some reports claim that Urtica urens L. (UU) can reduce toxicity thanks to it anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but there is no scientific evidence justifying its use, which lets us think to its direct effect on the metabolism of the ovarian tissue. Read More

Curr Drug Metab 2018 ;19(5):460-468

Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Background: The etiopathogenetic mechanisms of peripheral neuropathies include genetic, traumatic, toxic, metabolic, infectious, nutritional, inflammatory and paraneoplastic causes. Their treatment should primarily address their contributing causes. However, symptomatic therapy is also key in these conditions, particularly in pain relief. Read More

Vet Res Forum 2017 15;8(3):231-236. Epub 2017 Sep 15.

DVM Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of the turmeric in comparison to vitamin E on bursal damages induced by salinomycin in broiler chickens. In this study, forty one day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups: 1- basal diet as control, 2- basal diet plus salinomycin, 3- basal diet plus salinomycin (SLM) and vitamin E (Vit. E) and 4- basal diet plus salinomycin and turmeric powder. Read More

Adv Clin Exp Med 2017 Sep;26(6):907-917

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.

Background: Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus and are classified as group I carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible preventive role of vitamin E (Vit E) on aflatoxin (AF) induced toxicity by using biochemical and histopathological approaches.

Material And Methods: Wistar-Albino rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: control group, Vit E group (Vit E was administered), AFB1 group (a single dose of AFB1 was administered), AF + Vit E group (AF and Vit E were administered). Read More

Eur J Pharm Sci 2018 Feb 21;113:159-170. Epub 2017 Oct 21.

Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria. Electronic address:

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an antioxidant substance indicated as a dietary supplement which has been proposed as adjuvant in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders and cancer for its protective and immunostimulating activities. The aim of this work was the production by high-pressure homogenization, characterization and stability investigation of three different CoQ nanosuspensions designed to be administered to the lungs by nebulization. Three surfactants, i. Read More

Toxicology 2017 12 13;392:64-70. Epub 2017 Oct 13.

Section of Chemistry and Toxicology, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway; R&D Section, PET-center, University Hospital of North Norway (UNN), P.O. Box 100 Langnes, N-9038 Tromsø, Norway. Electronic address:

Penitrem A is a fungal neurotoxin that recurrently causes intoxication in animals, and occasionally also in humans. We have previously reported that penitrem A induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat cerebellar granule cells, opening for a new mechanism of action for the neurotoxin. The aim of this study was to examine the potential of penitrem A to induce ROS production in isolated human neutrophil granulocytes, and to study possible mechanisms involved. Read More

Int Heart J 2017 Oct 30;58(5):769-777. Epub 2017 Sep 30.

Department of Echocardiography, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao.

In this study, we investigated the protection effect of Vitamin E (Vit E) on formaldehyde (FA) exposure during pregnancy induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and used an HL-1 cell line to confirmed the findings in vivo.Pregnant mice received different doses of FA (0.5 mg/kg, 1. Read More

Toxicol Rep 2016 3;3:608-619. Epub 2016 Aug 3.

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used cytotoxic alkylating agent with antitumor and immunosuppressant properties that is associated with various forms of reproductive toxicity. The significance of natural antioxidants of plant origin should be explored, especially in a world with increasing incidence of patients in need of chemotherapy. The neuro-endocrine effects of aqueous extract of (Linn. Read More

J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017 26;80(22):1193-1198. Epub 2017 Sep 26.

a Department of Pharmacy , Baotou Medical College , Baotou , Inner Mongolia , P.R. China.

The seeds of Amygdalus mongolica contain various constituents including flavonoids and vitamin E, which are known to exert antioxidant effects. However, the safety of the oil extract of this compound is not fully known. The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of A. Read More

Phytochemistry 2017 Dec 22;144:171-179. Epub 2017 Sep 22.

Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.

Allelopathy is a phenomenon, where one species releases compounds able to inhibit the growth of other species. Juglone, 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone, is an allelochemical produced by walnut trees. The main mode of juglone toxicity is the formation of semiquinone radicals, able to reduce O to superoxide. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2017 Nov 18;109(Pt 1):421-427. Epub 2017 Sep 18.

Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address:

Vitamin-E-loaded nanoemulsion (Vit E-NE) was produced, and the effects of repeated oral administration of Vit E-NE (2 g/kg/day) for five days on hepatic gene expression and serum metabolites were investigated in rats. The mean particle diameter and zeta potential of Vit E-NE was 112 nm and 56 mV, respectively. Vit E-NE administered rats showed significantly higher triglyceride content than of standard diet (control) or Vit E control emulsion (Vit E-CE) group but no toxicity symptoms were found in blood biochemical analysis. Read More

Neurotoxicology 2017 Dec 15;63:70-83. Epub 2017 Sep 15.

Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, NMBU-School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8146 Dep, N-0033, Oslo, Norway.

The toxicity of long chained perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) has previously been reported to be related to the length of the perfluorinated carbon chain and functional group attached. In the present study, we compared the cytotoxicity of six PFAAs, using primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Two perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs, chain length C and C) and four perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs, chain length C-C) were studied. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2017 Sep 14;18(9). Epub 2017 Sep 14.

Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, which poses a threat to human public health. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial biogenesis can be activated by inflammatory and oxidative stress. However, whether mitochondrial biogenesis is involved in Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity is unclear. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017 Oct 30;24(30):23636-23645. Epub 2017 Aug 30.

Specialized Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

The decline of cadmium pollution in fish farms is needed by any adequate method. The present study was designed to explore the effect of dietary cadmium contamination and its amelioration by using dietary clay, probiotic (Bactocell®), vitamin C, and vitamin E supplementation in Nile tilapia fish diet on growth rate, feed efficiency, blood components, and cadmium residues. Fish were separated into 15 groups, each group of fish was stocked into three aquaria and each contains 20 fishes. Read More

Toxicol Mech Methods 2018 Feb 15;28(2):122-129. Epub 2017 Sep 15.

a Biochemistry Department , Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.

Oxidative stress and a disrupted antioxidant system are involved in a variety of pregnancy complications. In the present study, the role of vitamin E (Vit E) and folate as radical scavengers on the GSH homeostasis in stress oxidative induced in rat endometrial cells was investigated. Primary endometrial stromal cell cultures treated with 50 and 200 µM of HO and evaluated the cytoprotective effects of Vit E (5 µM) and folate (0. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2017 8;12:5701-5715. Epub 2017 Aug 8.

State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University.

A combination administration of chemical agents was highlighted to treat tumors. Recently, tumor cell has been found to be different from normal cell in metabolic manner. Most of cancer cells prefer aerobic glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to satisfy energy and biomass synthesis requirement to survive, grow and proliferate, which provides novel and potential therapeutic targets for chemotherapy. Read More

J Chromatogr A 2017 Sep 8;1517:126-133. Epub 2017 Aug 8.

Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique, UMR-9168, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France. Electronic address:

The UV-vis photodegradation of α-tocopherol was investigated in a model system and in a cosmetic emulsion. Both gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (LC-UHR-MS) were used for photoproducts structural identification. Nine photoproduct families were detected and identified based on their mass spectra and additional experiments with α-tocopherol-d; phototransformation mechanisms were postulated to rationalize their formation under irradiation. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2017 Nov 12;95:175-185. Epub 2017 Sep 12.

Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address:

Berberine chloride (BC) has been widely used as an unprescribed oral drug in China for the treatment of various diseases, and it is an active ingredient in many traditionally used medicinal plants. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the beneficial effects of BC on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the pancreas of Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the male Wistar albino rats using a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ of 40mg/kg b. Read More

Drug Deliv 2017 Nov;24(1):1170-1178

a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , People's Republic of China.

Periplocymarin (PPM), a cardiac glycoside, has a narrow therapeutic index, poor tumor selectivity and severe cardiovascular toxicity which hinder its wide clinical applications in cancer treatment. Herein, we report novel redox-responsive prodrug-nanoparticles (MPSSV-NPs) self-assembled by co-nanoprecipitation of PPM-vitamin E conjugate and a PEG derivative of linoleate (mPEG2000-LA) in water. It was found that the characteristics of PPM-vitamin E nanoparticles (PSSV-NPs) were improved through co-nanoprecipitation with increased percentages of mPEG2000-LA. Read More