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6,571 results match your criteria Vitamin A Deficiency
Doc Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 22. Epub 2018 Jun 22.
UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
The International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standard for full-field electroretinography (ERG) describes a minimum procedure, but encourages more extensive testing. This ISCEV extended protocol describes an extension to the ERG standard, namely the dark-adapted (DA) red flash ERG. The DA red flash ERG can be incorporated conveniently within the ISCEV standard ERG protocol after a minimum of 20-min DA and recorded after the DA 0. Read More
J Nutr 2018 Jun 19. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Background: Impairments in visual function have been well characterized in vitamin A deficiency. However, eye function may also be sensitive to other nutrient deficiencies.
Objective: We examined associations between visual function-characterized by pupillary threshold or pupillary responsiveness-and nutritional status in Zambian children. Read More
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2017 May;46(3):356-360
Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Center and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Objective: To assess the vitamin A status of Chinese rural elderly population by analyzing the serum retinol levels of Chinese rural elderly residents in 2010-2012.
Methods: Data were from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey in2010-2012. Using the multistage stratified cluster sampling method, serum samples from the elderly residents aged above 60 years old( including), were obtained from 45 general rural and 30 poor rural. Read More
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2017 May;46(3):345-349
Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Objective: To analysis the vitamin A nutritional status of 6-to 17-year-old children and adolescents between 2010-2012 in rural China.
Methods: Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2010-2012 project, the serum vitamin A samples of children and adolescents from survey sites of rural area were selected by random sampling method, and 5888 cases of samples were detected using the high performance liquid chromatography method to evaluate their vitamin A nutritional status.
Results: The serum retinol concentration of children and adolescents in rural area was( 1. Read More
Nutrients 2018 Jun 13;10(6). Epub 2018 Jun 13.
FrieslandCampina, Stationsplein 4, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
Despite a major decrease in undernutrition worldwide over the last 25 years, underweight and stunting in children still persist as public health issues especially in Africa and Asia. Adequate nutrition is one of the key factors for healthy growth and development of children. In this study, the associations between dairy consumption and nutritional status in the South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) were investigated. Read More
Eur J Clin Nutr 2018 Jun 12. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Adequate vitamin A is essential for healthy pregnancy, but high levels may be teratogenic. We present a patient who underwent bariatric surgery, prior to child bearing, and suffered maternal and foetal complications during eleven pregnancies, possibly associated with vitamin A deficiency, amongst multiple micronutrient deficiencies and risk factors including smoking and obesity. Maternal complications included visual disturbance, night blindness and recurrent infections. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Jun 11;8(1):8834. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
Department of Food Science, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, and New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901, United States.
Vitamin A deficiency is still a public health concern affecting millions of pregnant women and children. Retinoic acid, the active form of vitamin A, is critical for proper mammalian embryonic development. Embryos can generate retinoic acid from maternal circulating β-carotene upon oxidation of retinaldehyde produced via the symmetric cleavage enzyme β-carotene 15,15'-oxygenase (BCO1). Read More
Clin Nutr 2018 May 29. Epub 2018 May 29.
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Nutritional deficiency and inflammation may impact CD4+ T cell recovery during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), particularly in resource-limited settings where malnutrition is prevalent. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of micronutrient and inflammation biomarkers to CD4 recovery after cART initiation.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a random sub-cohort sample (n = 270) from a multinational randomized trial of cART regimen efficacy among 1571 cART-naïve adults. Read More
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.
Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Clinical Medicine, Dublin, Ireland ;
Vitamin A deficiency strongly predicts the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) in individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The burden of antibiotic resistant TB is increasing globally therefore there is an urgent need to develop host-directed adjunctive therapies to treat TB. Alveolar macrophages (AM), the niche cell for Mtb, metabolize vitamin A to all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), which influences host immune responses. Read More
Cell Rep 2018 May;23(9):2643-2652
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address:
Maternally skewed transmission of traits has been associated with genomic imprinting and oocyte-derived mRNA. We report canine congenital eye malformations, caused by an amino acid deletion (K12del) near the N terminus of retinol-binding protein (RBP4). The disease is only expressed when both dam and offspring are deletion homozygotes. Read More
Adv Nutr 2018 May;9(suppl_1):332S-346S
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA.
Vitamin A in human milk is critical for meeting infant requirements and building liver stores needed after weaning. A number of studies have measured milk retinol, but only a subset have corrected for fat, which serves as the retinol carrier in breast milk. The purpose of the present work was to review and analyze studies in which human-milk retinol concentrations were reported in relation to milk fat and to compare these results with unadjusted breast-milk retinol concentrations in terms of time trends over the course of lactation, influences of maternal nutritional and constitutional factors, and effects of maternal vitamin A supplementation. Read More
Comp Med 2018 Jun 25;68(3):196-203. Epub 2018 May 25.
Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin;, Email:
Retinoic acid, a bioactive metabolite of vitamin A, plays key roles in immune function and vision and adipose tissue development. Our goal was to study the effect of vitamin A deficiency in physiologic changes seen in hibernating 13-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). In this study, we first developed a model of vitamin A deficiency that was based on published mouse models; we then examined the role of RA in the circannual cycle of and adipose accumulation in this hibernating species. Read More
Nutr Hosp 2018 Jan 18;0(0):421-427. Epub 2018 Jan 18.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
Introduction: the changes in digestive physiology after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), as well as pregnancy, maximizes the risk of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and both can result in harm to the mother and child health.
Objective: to compare the nutritional status of vitamin A among women who became pregnant or did not after RYGB and in pregnant women who did not undergo surgery, and to assess the impact of VAD on the mother and child health.
Methods: this is a cross-sectional study of the analytical type. Read More
Front Plant Sci 2018 26;9:558. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Uganda is a tropical country with a population in excess of 30 million, >80% of whom live in rural areas. Bananas ( spp.) are the staple food of Uganda with the East African Highland banana, a cooking banana, the primary starch source. Read More
Clin Case Rep 2018 May 13;6(5):878-882. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
Division of Nutrition and Biochemical Medicine Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok 10400 Thailand.
Vitamin A deficiency from malabsorption syndromes, including bariatric surgery, has become an emerging problem in developed countries. Early detection and prompt treatment lead to rapid and complete recovery. Nevertheless, it may result in irreversible blindness or death if left untreated. Read More
Adv Exp Med Biol 2018 ;1074:569-576
Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Vitamin A/retinol (ROL) and its metabolites (retinoids) play critical roles in eye development and photoreception. Short-term dietary vitamin A deficiency (VAD) manifests clinically as night blindness, while prolonged VAD is known to cause retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor degeneration. Therefore, sustained uptake of dietary vitamin A, for ocular retinoid production, is essential for photoreceptor health and visual function. Read More
BMC Public Health 2018 May 2;18(1):587. Epub 2018 May 2.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Background: School children in developing countries like Nigeria are faced with numerous nutrition and health problems. Lack of functional school health and nutrition programmes in Enugu state, Nigeria may be associated with dearth of data on associated factors. Identifying these factors could inform the design and implementation of school-based programmes aimed at ameliorating these problems. Read More
Arch Iran Med 2018 Apr 1;21(4):137-144. Epub 2018 Apr 1.
School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Background: The main objective of the Second National Integrated Micronutrient Survey (NIMS-II) was to assess the nutritional status of four micronutrients, namely iron, zinc, and vitamins A and D, and also to conduct an anthropometric assessment of selected groups of children, adolescents, pregnant women, and adults, disaggregated by sex and residential area in nationally representative samples. This paper reports the design of the study along with preliminary findings.
Methods: In this study, 32 770 individuals were selected by using single-stage cluster sampling. Read More
Niger Postgrad Med J 2018 Jan-Mar;25(1):13-16
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Background And Aim: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) constitutes a major nutritional concern in developing countries. It contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality of under-five children and can result in impaired resistance to infection as well as increased risk of death. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of VAD among Southwestern Nigerian children. Read More
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 Apr 19;15(4). Epub 2018 Apr 19.
Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
Biofortification interventions have the potential to combat malnutrition. This review explored the use of provitamin A-biofortified maize (PVABM) as a vitamin A deficiency (VAD) reduction agricultural-based strategy. Maize has been identified as one of the key staple crops for biofortification to reduce hidden hunger in Africa. Read More
BMC Public Health 2018 Apr 10;18(1):470. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Background: Formal education can be a nutrition-sensitive intervention that supports the scale-up and impact of nutrition-specific actions. Maternal education has long been linked to child survival, growth, and development while adult earnings and nutrition are tied to years in school as a child. However, less is known about the relationship between maternal education and the micronutrient status of children, women and the general population. Read More
BMC Pediatr 2018 Apr 9;18(1):130. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
Department of Biochemistry, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Aydın, Turkey.
Background: In children diagnosed with celiac disease, fat soluble vitamin levels were aimed to be evaluated and it was intended to determine whether fat soluble vitamin levels were needed to be assessed routinely in these patients during diagnosis.
Methods: Between May 2015-May 2016, diagnosis symptoms of celiac patients (CD) in newly diagnosed pediatric group were questioned, fat soluble vitamin levels simultaneous with intestinal biopsies were evaluated. Vitamin levels were compared with those of healthy control group. Read More
Confl Health 2018 2;12:13. Epub 2018 Apr 2.
Ministry of Health, Ramallah, State of Palestine.
Background: Vitamin A and D are essential for the proper growth and development of a child. Due to the complex political circumstances in the state of Palestine, research on micronutrient deficiency is scarce.
Methods: The Palestinian Ministry of Health (MOH) and UNICEF conducted a national cross-sectional survey in 2013 after the implementation of various micronutrient supplementation and fortification programs. Read More
Rev Paul Pediatr 2018 Mar 29. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Objective: To analyze the variables associated with vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in Brazilian children aged 6 to 59 months, considering a hierarchical model of determination.
Methods: This is part of the National Survey on Demography and Health of Women and Children, held in 2006. Data analysis included 3,417 children aged from six to 59 months with retinol data. Read More
Pediatrics 2018 Apr;141(Suppl 5):S439-S444
Pediatric Emergency Unit and.
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble micronutrient involved in the regulation of several physiologic functions, such as visual acuity, epithelial tissue integrity, immune response, and gene expression, thus playing a crucial role in childhood growth and development. Although vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in resource-limited settings is still an actual issue and represents the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness, its occurrence in high-income countries is rare, although possibly underdiagnosed because of its nonspecific early manifestations. A good awareness of VAD symptoms and risk factors could aid its early diagnosis, which is fundamental to undertake a prompt treatment and to prevent ocular complications. Read More
PLoS One 2018 21;13(3):e0194402. Epub 2018 Mar 21.
HarvestPlus Headquarters, c/o IFPRI, NW, Washington, DC, United States of America.
Gari, a fermented and dried semolina made from cassava, is one of the most common foods in West Africa. Recently introduced biofortified yellow cassava containing provitamin A carotenoids could help tackle vitamin A deficiency prevalent in those areas. However there are concerns because of the low retention of carotenoids during gari processing compared to other processes (e. Read More
Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2017 Apr-Jun;80(2):237-241
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Western University and London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.
Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of fat-soluble vitamin (A, D, and E) and zinc deficiency in patients with cirrhosis being assessed for liver transplantation and the correlations between vitamin deficiencies, nutritional markers, and severity of liver disease.
Methods: This is a single centre retrospective study. Serum vitamin A, D, E, and zinc levels were collected in adult patients being assessed for liver transplantation between January and July 2012. Read More
Retin Cases Brief Rep 2018 Spring;12(2):127-130
Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Affiliated with Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
Purpose: To describe the rapid time course of visual and electroretinographic recovery from vitamin A deficiency in a patient with a history of multiple resected abdominal tumors, including ileal carcinoid and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Methods: A 61-year-old white man with a history of resected malignant ileal carcinoid and Stage III pancreatic adenocarcinoma referred with complaints of 6 weeks of difficulty with night vision.
Results: Initial testing showed significantly reduced scotopic rod responses in both eyes and decreased vitamin A levels and a normal cancer-associated retinopathy laboratory panel. Read More
Lancet 2018 Feb 21;391 Suppl 2:S3. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Nutrition Department, General Directorate of Primary Health Care and Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ramallah, occupied Palestinian territory.
Background: Vitamin A and vitamin D are essential for a child's growth and development. However, research on micronutrients in the occupied Palestinian territory is scarce. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin A and vitamin D deficiencies in children living in the occupied Palestinian territory. Read More
Mol Brain 2018 Mar 13;11(1):14. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
Children Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
Our previous studies demonstrated that vitamin A deficiency (VAD) can impair the postnatal cognitive function of rats by damaging the hippocampus. The present study examined the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on apoptosis induced by hypoxic-ischemic damage in vivo and in vitro, and investigated the possible signaling pathway involved in the neuroprotective anti-apoptotic effects of RA. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining and behavioral tests were used to evaluate the neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of RA. Read More
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2018 Mar;20(3):195-199
Department of Hematology, Dongguan Children's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523325, China.
Objective: To investigate the current status of vitamin A deficiency in preschool children in Dongguan, China, as well as the effect of vitamin A on serum ferritin, red blood cell, and reticulocyte parameters.
Methods: Cluster sampling was performed from April 2015 to December 2016 to select 2 085 preschool children (3-6 years old) without any disease in Dongguan. Routine blood test, reticulocyte count, serum ferritin measurement, hemoglobin electrophoresis, and vitamin A measurement were performed for all children. Read More
Case Rep Ophthalmol 2017 Sep-Dec;8(3):581-589. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
Wilmer Eye Institute, Odenton, Maryland, USA.
Background: To present a case of ocular complications from vitamin A deficiency following bariatric surgery.
Case Report: A 41-year-old woman presented with symptoms of dryness and diminished night vision. Examination revealed corneal punctate staining, keratinization of the conjunctiva, and multiple mid-peripheral white lesions at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium. Read More
Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2018 Mar 7:1-11. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
a Department of Pediatric , Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing , China.
Vitamin A deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction are both associated with neural differentiation-related disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down syndrome (DS). The mechanism of vitamin A-induced neural differentiation and the notion that vitamin A can regulate the morphology and function of mitochondria in its induction of neural differentiation through the RIP140/PGC-1α axis are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles and underlying mechanisms of RIP140/PGC-1α axis in vitamin A-induced neural differentiation. Read More
BMJ 2018 03 1;360:k927. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018 Feb 18. Epub 2018 Feb 18.
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
Bangladesh has a high prevalence of adolescent pregnancy, but little is known about the nutritional status and dietary practices of Bangladeshi adolescents in early pregnancy or associated factors. We used the baseline data of 1552 pregnant adolescents from a longitudinal, cluster-randomized effectiveness trial conducted in northwest Bangladesh. Forty-four percent of the adolescents were short for their age, 36% had low body mass index, 28% were anemic, 10% had iron deficiency, and 32% had vitamin A deficiency. Read More
J Int Med Res 2018 Apr 13;46(4):1555-1569. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
4 Medical Department, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCAR, São Carlos, Rua Eugenio Ferrante, Jd. Nova Alianca Sul, SP, Brazil.
Objectives To analyse intake of vitamin A (VA) and retinol concentrations in maternal blood, breast milk (BM), and the umbilical cord (UC) of newborns, and to determine the associations among these variables. Methods We performed a cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 180 mother-newborn dyads. Maternal and UC blood samples and BM were collected. Read More
Food Res Int 2018 Feb 9;104:77-85. Epub 2017 Sep 9.
Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is considered the single most successful example of biofortification of a staple crop, and presents a feasible option to address vitamin A deficiency. Though initially promoted as part of a crop-based approach focusing on production and consumption at household level, it evolved into small-scale commercial production, predominantly in Sub-Saharan Africa. This paper reviews OFSP initiatives in relation to the South African food environment and food supply systems, also identifying opportunities for scaling out OFSP in a situation where sweet potato is not eaten as a staple. Read More
Exp Cell Res 2018 Mar 1;364(1):104-112. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
Lipid Biochemistry Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania-Post, Hyderabad 500007, India. Electronic address:
Previously, we reported that vitamin A deficiency resulted in the reduction of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels, which corroborated with attenuation of high fructose-induced hepatic steatosis. Here, we aimed at assessing the effect of vitamin A deficiency on SCD1, MUFA levels and their impact on pancreas' structure and functions. Male weanling Wistar rats fed one of the four diets, namely control (Con), vitamin A-deficient (VAD), highfructose (HFr) and vitamin A-deficient diet with highfructose (VADHFr) for 16 weeks period. Read More
Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2017 ;6(3):63-66
Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Chalazion is a chronic, localized lipogranulomatous inflammation of the sebaceous glands of the lids. Chalazion occurs often secondary to blockage of the sebaceous gland ducts. Some studies have reported vitamin A deficiency as a risk factor for chalazion. Read More
Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(50):e9154
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille Cedex 5.
Rationale: Despite a vaccine being widely available, measles continues to occur frequently, with sometimes lethal consequences.
Patients Concerns: The mortality rate reaches 35% and measles represents 44% of the 1.4 million deaths which are due to preventable diseases. Read More
G3 (Bethesda) 2018 Mar 2;8(3):1049-1065. Epub 2018 Mar 2.
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
The discovery and use of genetic markers associated with carotenoid levels can help to exploit the genetic potential of maize for provitamin A accumulation more effectively. Provitamin A carotenoids are classes of carotenoids that are precursors of vitamin A, an essential micronutrient in humans. Vitamin A deficiency is a global public health problem affecting millions of people, especially in developing countries. Read More
PLoS One 2018 29;13(1):e0191887. Epub 2018 Jan 29.
Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Background: Chad Lake is a central place in a region with a high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency. Spirulina, a natural source of β-carotene, is traditionally produced and eaten as "Dihé" around Chad Lake. β-carotene spirulina has been found to have a high conversion factor to retinol. Read More
Curr Dev Nutr 2017 Dec 6;1(12). Epub 2017 Sep 6.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802 USA.
Background: Vitamin A (VA, retinol) supplementation is widely used to reduce child mortality in low-income countries. However, existing research suggests that supplementation with VA alone may not be optimal for infants.
Objective: We compared the effect of VA vs. Read More
Matern Child Nutr 2017 Nov;13 Suppl 3
National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out with 603 children ages 5 and under and 500 of their mothers from 510 households to examine the prevalence of undernutrition and chronic diseases among the Khasis of North-East India. Anthropometric measurements including Mid-Upper Arm Circumference, height, and weight were taken. Dry blood spots to estimate haemoglobin and vitamin A were collected from children and women separately by finger prick. Read More
Matern Child Nutr 2017 Nov;13 Suppl 3
Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment (CINE), McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Despite the importance of the nutritional status and food systems of Indigenous Peoples, the subject has received very little attention, especially in North-East India. Therefore, a community-based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among Chakhesang mothers with children under 5 years of age to evaluate their nutritional status and prevalence of chronic diseases in the context of their dietary habits. From 558 households (HHs), 661 children and 540 mothers were covered using standard anthropometric measurements as well as blood collection for haemoglobin and vitamin A. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Jan 22;8(1):1348. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
Biotechnology Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
Provitamin A (PVA) bio-fortification of crops offers a sustainable strategy to prevent the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (VAD), one of the world's major public health problems. The present work aimed to enhance PVA accumulation in cottonseed, the main by-product in the production of cotton fibers and the third largest source of edible plant oil in the world. On the basis of comprehensive identification of carotenoid synthase genes and their expression levels in various cotton tissues, we selected phytoene synthase as the target for manipulating carotenoid biosynthesis in the developing cottonseeds. Read More
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jan 16:1-15. Epub 2018 Jan 16.
a Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences ; Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília , Distrito Federal , Brazil.
Anemia is a worldwide public health problem that can be related to many causes, including vitamin A deficiency. The aim of this study was to assess and estimate the effect of vitamin A supplementation (VAS) on iron status biomarkers and anemia in humans. Six databases, including Cochrane, EMBASE, LILACS, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science, were searched for clinical trials and cohort studies that investigated the effect of vitamin A supplementation alone on iron status and anemia, without time-restriction. Read More
Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Jan 11. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr. Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune, India.
Eur J Clin Nutr 2018 Feb 10;72(2):301-303. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Biofortified maize, designed as an intervention strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency, can provide upwards of 15 μg β-carotene per g dry weight. Some varieties also have elevated concentrations of other carotenoids. We conducted a cluster randomized, controlled feeding trial in rural Zambia to test the impact of daily consumption of biofortified maize over a 6-month period on vitamin A status. Read More
Nutrients 2017 Dec 29;10(1). Epub 2017 Dec 29.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Vitamin A is required for important physiological processes, including embryogenesis, vision, cell proliferation and differentiation, immune regulation, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Many of vitamin A's functions are executed through retinoic acids that activate transcriptional networks controlled by retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs).The liver plays a central role in vitamin A metabolism: (1) it produces bile supporting efficient intestinal absorption of fat-soluble nutrients like vitamin A; (2) it produces retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) that distributes vitamin A, as retinol, to peripheral tissues; and (3) it harbors the largest body supply of vitamin A, mostly as retinyl esters, in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Read More