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Drugs 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Division of Family Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.

Human monkeypox is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus with presentation similar to smallpox. Monkeypox is transmitted incidentally to humans when they encounter infected animals. Reports have shown that the virus can also be transmitted through direct contact (sexual or skin-to-skin), respiratory droplets, and via fomites such as towels and bedding. Read More

Sci Adv 2022 Jun 24;8(25):eabm6504. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India.

Aging has been reported to deteriorate the quantity and quality of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which affect their therapeutic use in regenerative medicine. A dearth of age-related stem cell research further restricts their clinical applications. The present study explores the possibility of using MSCs derived from human gingival tissues (GMSCs) for studying their ex vivo growth characteristics and differentiation potential with respect to donor age. Read More

Viruses 2022 May 28;14(6). Epub 2022 May 28.

Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.

Influenza virus infects the host and transmits through the respiratory tract (i.e., the mouth and nose); therefore, the development of intranasal influenza vaccines that mimic the natural infection, coupled with an efficient mucosal adjuvant, is an attractive alternative to current parenteral vaccines. Read More

Viruses 2022 May 27;14(6). Epub 2022 May 27.

The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK.

Foot-and-mouth disease is an economically devastating disease of livestock caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Vaccination is the most effective control measure in place to limit the spread of the disease; however, the success of vaccination campaigns is hampered by the antigenic diversity of FMDV and the rapid rate at which new strains emerge that escape pre-existing immunity. FMDV has seven distinct serotypes, and within each serotype are multiple strains that often induce little cross-protective immunity. Read More

Viruses 2022 May 25;14(6). Epub 2022 May 25.

National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.

Enterovirus infections can cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFDM), aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, and acute flaccid myelitis, leading to death of infants and young children. However, no specific antiviral drug is currently available for the treatment of this type of infection. The Unites States and United Kingdom health authorities recently approved a new antiviral drug, molnupiravir, for the treatment of COVID-19. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 Jun 15;58(6). Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Dentists play a very important part in the early identification of oral cancer lesions. This aspect of dental practice depends on the knowledge acquired during the faculty years. The aim of this study was to assess dental students' and residents' levels of awareness in terms of oral cancer. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 12;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 12.

Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with both benign lesions and with neoplastic diseases, such as oropharyngeal cancer. Due to the increasing occurrence of these neoplasms on a global scale, it seems important to estimate the risk factors in the population. So far, data on the presence of oral HPV in the European population are scarce. Read More

Pathology 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Serology and Virology Division (SAViD), NSW Health Pathology East, Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia; Virology Research Laboratory, Serology and Virology Division (SAViD), New South Wales Health Pathology East, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Enteroviruses (EV) commonly cause hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and can also cause potentially fatal neurological and systemic complications. In our laboratory, sequencing 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the viral genome has been the routine method of genotyping EVs. During a recent localised outbreak of aseptic meningitis, sequencing the 5'UTR identified the causative virus as EV-A71, which did not fit with the clinical syndrome or illness severity. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 Jun 23;16(6):e0010470. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: The association between the incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and ambient temperature has been well documented. Although the severity of symptoms is an important indicator of disease burden and varies significantly across cases, it usually was ignored in previous studies, potentially leading to biased estimates of the health impact of temperature.

Methods: We estimated the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) by considering the severity of symptoms for each HFMD case reported during 2010-2012 in Guangdong and used distributed lag-nonlinear models to estimate the association between the daily average temperature and daily DALY of HFMD cases at the city-level. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2022 Jun 18:156849. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.. Electronic address:

Exposure to pathogens during wastewater treatment could result in significant health risks. In this paper, a probabilistic approach for assessing the risks of microbial infection for workers in an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant is presented. A number of exposure routes were modelled, including hand-to-mouth and droplet ingestion of untreated wastewater, droplet ingestion and inhalation of aerosols after secondary treatment, and ingestion of sludge during drying. Read More

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2022 Jun;43(6):966-973

Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood infectious disease caused by various enteroviruses. China has the most significant number of reported cases and deaths of HFMD over the globe. Understanding the epidemic laws of HFMD can provide a scientific basis for designing prevention and control measures. Read More

Trop Anim Health Prod 2022 Jun 20;54(4):215. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Iran Veterinary Organisation (IVO), Vali Asr Avenue, Tehran, Iran.

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious transboundary disease of cloven-hoofed animals. In Iran, the disease is endemic with outbreaks occurring throughout the year. Mass vaccination of domestic ruminants has been adopted as a preventive strategy. Read More

Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2022 Jul 1;27(4):e330-e339. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry Department of Periodontology, Ankara Biskek Cad. 82. Sok. Emek-Ankara, Turkey

Background: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of predisposing factors and oral manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Material And Methods: 204 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients were included in the study. Questions regarding the systemic, periodontal health, oral hygiene habits, common symptoms and, oral manifestations of COVID-19 such as oral lesions, and dry mouth were included in the survey. Read More

Front Public Health 2022 31;10:890469. Epub 2022 May 31.

Institute of Development Studies, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China.

Objectives: The effect of COVID-19 mitigation measures on different oral health care needs is unclear. This study aimed to estimate the effect of COVID-19 mitigation measures on different types of oral health care utilization needs and explore the heterogeneity of such effects in different countries by using real-time Internet search data.

Methods: Data were obtained from Google Trends and other public databases. Read More

Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2022 Jun;157(3):284-285

Unit of Dermatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Sci China Life Sci 2022 Jun 9. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) causes major outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in many countries, most frequently affecting children, and a small proportion of cases may lead to death. Currently, no vaccine is available in most endemic regions, and no licenced treatments for EV-A71 infection are available. Here, we characterize a human monoclonal antibody (HuMAb), E1, by screening a Fab antibody phage library derived from patients who recovered from EV-A71 infection. Read More

Food Microbiol 2022 Sep 6;106:104036. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily transmitted from human to human via droplets and aerosols. While transmission via contaminated surfaces is also considered possible, the overall risk of this transmission route is assumed to be low. Nevertheless, transmission through contaminated drinking glasses may pose an increased risk as the glass is in direct contact with the mouth and oral cavity. Read More

BMC Oral Health 2022 Jun 10;22(1):231. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P O Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda.

Background: Oral diseases are estimated to affect half of people living with HIV in the western world, and are often marked by pain, discomfort, disfigurement and reduced quality of life. Both HIV-specific and antiretroviral therapy-associated oral diseases have been found in this population. However, the prevalence, correlates and treatment needs of dental caries among people on antiretroviral therapy has not been well studied in rural Africa where majority of people living with HIV reside. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Jun 10;15(6). Epub 2022 Jun 10.

DepartDepartment of Diagnostic and Generalist Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Shimotsuga-gun, Japan

A man in his 70s presented with a 4-day history of bilateral frontal headache and heaviness of the face. He was unable to close either of his eyes, to wrinkle his forehead bilaterally and to raise either corner of his mouth. The patient was admitted with a diagnosis of bilateral facial palsy. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 06 6;19(11). Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, 477-96 Owada-Shinden, Yachiyo 276-0046, Chiba, Japan.

The study tested the hypothesis that human mobility may be a potential factor affecting reductions in droplet-transmissible pediatric infectious diseases (PIDs) during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic mitigation period in 2020. An ecological study was conducted using two publicly available datasets: surveillance on infectious diseases collected by the Japanese government and COVID-19 community mobility reports presented by Google. The COVID-19 community mobility reports demonstrated percentage reductions in the movement of people over time in groceries and pharmacies, parks, and transit stations. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 9;12(1):9536. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases - Division of Parasitology, "Sapienza" University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.

Mosquito saliva facilitates blood feeding through the anti-haemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of its proteins. However, the potential contribution of non-coding RNAs to host manipulation is still poorly understood. We analysed small RNAs from Aedes aegypti saliva and salivary glands and show here that chikungunya virus-infection triggers both the siRNA and piRNA antiviral pathways with limited effects on miRNA expression profiles. Read More

ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022 Jun 9;5(6):3095-3106. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, P. R. China.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a serious, fast-spreading, and virulent disease, has led to huge economic losses to people all over the world. Vaccines are the most effective way to control FMD. However, the weak immunogenicity of inactivated FMD virus (FMDV) requires the addition of adjuvants to enhance the immune effectiveness of the vaccines. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2022 Jun 9. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Central laboratories for Quality control of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Agriculture Research Center, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.

F1000Res 2022 11;11:27. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Manipal Institute of Management, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.

The extensive adoption and usage of emerging technologies furthered by the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has reduced direct face to face communications. New FinTech (financial technology) apps and technologies are flooding the Indian digital payments market and competitors are striving hard to attract and retain their customers. Especially when customer engagement behaviours (CEBs) are digital in nature, it is essential to gauge the intrinsically driven customer motivations which drive a positive CEB. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2022 06 6;18(6):e1010589. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.

Non-coding regions of viral RNA (vRNA) genomes are critically important in the regulation of gene expression. In particular, pseudoknot (PK) structures, which are present in a wide range of RNA molecules, have a variety of roles. The 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vRNA is considerably longer than in other viruses from the picornavirus family and consists of a number of distinctive structural motifs that includes multiple (2, 3 or 4 depending on the virus strain) putative PKs linked in tandem. Read More

Front Public Health 2022 19;10:842368. Epub 2022 May 19.

Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Background: COVID-19 is a threat to individual and global health, thus, reducing the disease's spread is of significant importance. However, adherence to behavioral measures against the spread of COVID-19 is not universal, even within vulnerable populations who are at higher risk of exposure to the virus or severe COVID-19 infection. Therefore, this study investigates how risk-group membership relates to adherence to COVID-19 behavioral measures, whether perceived threat of COVID-19 is a mechanism explaining this relationship, and whether knowledge about COVID-19 moderates these effects. Read More

J Virol 2022 Jun 6:e0014322. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.

Differentiation of infected from vaccinated hosts (DIVH) is a critical step in virus eradication programs. DIVH-compatible vaccines, however, take years to develop, and are therefore unavailable for fighting the sudden outbreaks that typically drive pandemics. Here, we establish a protocol for the swift and efficient development of DIVH assays, and show that this approach is compatible with any type of vaccines. Read More

J Contemp Dent Pract 2021 Dec 1;22(12):1363-1364. Epub 2021 Dec 1.

Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, e-mail:

Dear Editor, Oral cancer, specifically oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has shown to be a major contributor to morbidity and mortality among tobacco/alcohol users. A prominent area of research in oral oncology is in the development of economical noninvasive screening tools capable of stratifying high-risk individuals, especially among those with associated habits. Cancer cytopathology has developed into a major branch in onco-diagnostics. Read More

PLoS One 2022 1;17(6):e0265531. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.

We reviewed the prevalence, the likely aetiopathogenesis, and the management of oro-facial mucocutaneous manifestations of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2). English language manuscripts searched using standard databases yielded 26 articles that met the inclusion criteria. In total, 169 cases (75 females; 94 males) from 15 countries with a spectrum of COVID-19 severities were reviewed. Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2021 Oct-Dec;32(4):459-466

Professor and Administrative Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background: Chemiluminescence is the production of light as a result of a chemical reaction. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) include both precancerous lesions and conditions that carry an increased risk of cancer. There are different etiological and risk factors for OPMDs such as smoking, alcohol consumption, infections such as viral and fungal, sun exposure and certain other genetic factors. Read More