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    Managing complexity: Simplifying assumptions of foot-and-mouth disease models for swine.
    Transbound Emerg Dis 2018 Apr 23. Epub 2018 Apr 23.
    Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
    Compartmental models have often been used to test the effectiveness and efficiency of alternative control strategies to mitigate the spread of infectious animal diseases. A fundamental principle of epidemiological modelling is that models should start as simple as possible and become as complex as needed. The simplest version of a compartmental model assumes that the population is closed, void of births and deaths and that this closed population mixes homogeneously, meaning that each infected individual has an equal probability of coming into contact with each susceptible individual in the population. Read More
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    Detection of hand-foot-mouth disease and its spatial-temporal Epidemiological characteristics with GIS platform.
    J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2018 Mar-Apr;32(2):371-377
    Information and Management School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
    The aim of this study is to investigate the main category of hand-foot-mouth (HFM) virus and analyze the distribution characteristics and susceptible population of HFM disease in China. Infants who have had HFM disease for less than 7 days were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China. Various specimens were collected from the infants, and EV71 and CA16 nucleic acid detections were performed using fluorescence quantitative assay. Read More
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    Review: Risks of disease transmission through semen in cattle.
    Animal 2018 Apr 18:1-7. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
    1College of Veterinary Medicine,Auburn University,Auburn,AL 36849-5536,USA.
    The purpose of this paper is to review scientific evidence concerning pathogens that could potentially be transmitted via bovine semen. As a result of a careful analysis of the characteristics of infections that may cause transmission of disease through semen, effective control procedures can be identified that provide minimal constraint to the introduction of new bulls into herds for natural breeding and importation of valuable novel genetics through artificial insemination. The potential for transmission through bovine semen and corresponding effective control procedures are described for bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine leukemia virus, lumpy skin disease virus, bluetongue virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, and Schmallenberg virus. Read More
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    Enterovirus serotypes in patients with central nervous system and respiratory infections in Viet Nam 1997-2010.
    Virol J 2018 04 12;15(1):69. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
    Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
    Background: Enteroviruses are the most common causative agents of human illness. Enteroviruses have been associated with regional and global epidemics, recently, including with severe disease (Enterovirus A71 and D68), and are of interest as emerging viruses. Here, we typed Enterovirus A-D (EV) from central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory infections in Viet Nam. Read More
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    History of Foot-and-mouth disease in North African countries.
    Vet Ital 2018 Mar;54(1):1-12
    Ecole Superieure en Science de l'Aliment et des Industries Agroalimentaire (ESSAIA), 01 Avenue Hamidouche El-Harrach, Algiers.
    Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious and contagious transboundary viral disease of domesticated and wild cloven-hoofed animals. Wide prevalence of FMD in Asia and Africa associated with huge economic losses to livestock farming and industry prompted global concern. The present review summarizes the state of the art research in epidemiology, diagnosis, and surveillance of FMD in the North African countries. Read More
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    The life cycle of non-polio enteroviruses and how to target it.
    Nat Rev Microbiol 2018 Apr 6. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
    Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
    The genus Enterovirus (EV) of the family Picornaviridae includes poliovirus, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, numbered enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. These diverse viruses cause a variety of diseases, including non-specific febrile illness, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, neonatal sepsis-like disease, encephalitis, paralysis and respiratory diseases. In recent years, several non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) have emerged as serious public health concerns. Read More
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    Antiviral activity of porcine interferon delta 8 against foot-and-mouth disease virus in vitro.
    Int Immunopharmacol 2018 Apr 2;59:47-52. Epub 2018 Apr 2.
    State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, PR China. Electronic address:
    Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most devastating diseases affecting livestock. Since vaccines fail to provide protection until seven days post-vaccination, the application of anti-viral molecules is imperative for suppressing the spread of FMDV prior to development of an adaptive immune response. Interferons (IFNs) are effective for the host to fight FMDV infections; however, a novel type I IFNs, interferon delta (IFN-δ), has not been investigated for their antiviral effects against this virus. Read More
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    Lymphocytic focus score is positively related to airway and interstitial lung diseases in primary Sjögren's syndrome.
    Respir Med 2018 Apr 1;137:95-102. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
    Objective: Although high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is useful for the characterization of minute morphological changes in the lungs, no study has investigated risk factors for lung involvement detected by HRCT in patients with Sjögren's syndrome with or without respiratory symptoms. The aim of the current study was to investigate risk factors for lung involvement in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome detected by HRCT, with a particular focus on airway and interstitial lung diseases.

    Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and investigated risk factors for lung involvement detected by HRCT. Read More
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    Isolation, molecular characterization and sero-prevalence study of foot-and-mouth disease virus circulating in central Ethiopia.
    BMC Vet Res 2018 Mar 27;14(1):110. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
    National Animal Health Diagnostics and Investigation Center, P.O.Box 04, Sebeta, Ethiopia.
    Background: Ethiopian livestock production and productivity is still very low due to widespread of diseases. Among the diseases, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious and acute viral disease that causes significant economic problems in the country. A cross sectional study design was conducted from September 2015 to May 2016 to isolate and characterize FMD virus from outbreak cases; determine the sero-prevalence of antibodies against FMD virus (FMDV), and assess potential risk factors associated with sero-prevalence of the disease in selected areas of central Ethiopia. Read More
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    Case 9-2018: A 55-Year-Old Man with HIV Infection and a Mass on the Right Side of the Face.
    N Engl J Med 2018 Mar;378(12):1143-1152
    From the Departments of Medicine (K.L.A., R.T.G.), Radiology (H.R.K.), and Pathology (A.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Departments of Medicine (K.L.A., R.T.G.), Radiology (H.R.K.), and Pathology (A.L.), Harvard Medical School, and the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear (H.R.K.) - all in Boston.
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    A canine adenovirus type 2 vaccine vector confers protection against foot-and-mouth disease in guinea pigs.
    Vaccine 2018 04 12;36(16):2193-2198. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
    UMR Virologie, INRA, ANSES, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, F-94700, France. Electronic address:
    Vaccination is a key element in the control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). The majority of the antigenic sites that induce protective immune responses are localized on the FMD virus (FMDV) capsid that is formed by four virus-encoded structural proteins, VP1 to VP4. In the present study, recombinant canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2)-based FMD vaccines, Cav-P1/3C R° and Cav-VP1 R°, respectively expressing the structural P1 precursor protein along with the non-structural 3C protein or expressing the structural VP1 protein of the FMDV strain O/FRA/1/2001, were evaluated as novel vaccines against FMD. Read More
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    Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.
    N Engl J Med 2018 03;378(10):931-939
    From the Department of Rheumatology, Université Paris Sud, INSERM Unité 1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (X.M.); and the Rosalind Russell-Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Departments of Medicine and Orofacial Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco (L.A.C.).
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    Activation of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) and Sjögren Syndrome.
    J Dent Res 2018 Mar 1:22034518760855. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
    1 Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
    Sjögren syndrome (SS), a chronic autoimmune disorder causing dry mouth, adversely affects the overall oral health in patients. Activation of innate immune responses and excessive production of type I interferons (IFNs) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Recognition of nucleic acids by cytosolic nucleic acid sensors is a major trigger for the induction of type I IFNs. Read More
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    Comprehensive virome analysis reveals the complexity and diversity of the viral spectrum in pediatric patients diagnosed with severe and mild hand-foot-and-mouth disease.
    Virology 2018 May 19;518:116-125. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
    Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China. Electronic address:
    The management of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD) epidemic is difficult due to the frequent emergence of non-EV71 and non-CVA16 enteroviruses and some cases testing negative for HFMD-associated causative agents. To clarify the virus spectrum of mild and severe HFMD, a comprehensive virome analysis of 238 samples was performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The data revealed total thirteen mammalian- and plant- virus families and diverse viral populations including enteroviruses, common respiratory viruses, diarrhea-related viruses, plant viruses and anelloviruses. Read More
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    Irreversible inactivation of ISG15 by a viral leader protease enables alternative infection detection strategies.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Mar 20;115(10):2371-2376. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
    Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry Division, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CB2 0QH Cambridge, United Kingdom;
    In response to viral infection, cells mount a potent inflammatory response that relies on ISG15 and ubiquitin posttranslational modifications. Many viruses use deubiquitinases and deISGylases that reverse these modifications and antagonize host signaling processes. We here reveal that the leader protease, Lb, from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) targets ISG15 and to a lesser extent, ubiquitin in an unprecedented manner. Read More
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    Denture-associated biofilm infection in three-dimensional oral mucosal tissue models.
    J Med Microbiol 2018 Mar 11;67(3):364-375. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
    1​Oral and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
    Purpose: In vitro analyses of virulence, pathogenicity and associated host cell responses are important components in the study of biofilm infections. The Candida-related infection, denture-associated oral candidosis, affects up to 60 % of denture wearers and manifests as inflammation of palatal tissues contacting the denture-fitting surface. Commercially available three-dimensional tissue models can be used to study infection, but their use is limited for many academic research institutions, primarily because of the substantial purchase costs. Read More
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    Foot-and-mouth disease virus type O specific mutations determine RNA-dependent RNA polymerase fidelity and virus attenuation.
    Virology 2018 May 20;518:87-94. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
    Division of Livestock Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Haping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150069, PR China. Electronic address:
    Previous studies have shown that the FMDV Asia1/YS/CHA/05 high-fidelity mutagen-resistant variants are attenuated (Zeng et al., 2014). Here, we introduced the same single or multiple-amino-acid substitutions responsible for increased 3D fidelity of type Asia1 FMDV into the type O FMDV O/YS/CHA/05 infectious clone. Read More
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    [The Spanish Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal herpes simplex infections].
    • Authors:
    An Pediatr (Barc) 2018 Feb 13. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
    Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections are rare, but are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Most newborns acquire herpes simplex virus infection in the peripartum period. For peripartum transmission to occur, women must be shedding the virus in their genital tracts symptomatically or asymptomatically around the time of delivery. Read More
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    Single-Cell Analysis of the Impact of Host Cell Heterogeneity on Infection with Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.
    J Virol 2018 May 13;92(9). Epub 2018 Apr 13.
    State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
    Viral infection and replication are affected by host cell heterogeneity, but the mechanisms underlying the effects remain unclear. Using single-cell analysis, we investigated the effects of host cell heterogeneity, including cell size, inclusion, and cell cycle, on foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection (acute and persistent infections) and replication. We detected various viral genome replication levels in FMDV-infected cells. Read More
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    Pyroptosis induced by enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus B3 infection affects viral replication and host response.
    Sci Rep 2018 Feb 13;8(1):2887. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
    Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
    Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the primary causative pathogen of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), affecting children with severe neurological complications. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by cell lysis and inflammatory response. Although proinflammatory response has been implicated to play important roles in EV71-caused diseases, the involvement of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of EV71 is poorly defined. Read More
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    Identification of two novel foot-and-mouth disease virus cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes that can bind six SLA-I proteins.
    Gene 2018 May 10;653:91-101. Epub 2018 Feb 10.
    Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116622, PR China.
    Currently available vaccines from inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) only protect animals by inducing neutralizing antibodies. A vaccine that contains cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes to induce strong CTL responses might protect animals more effectively. Herein, we used swine leukocyte antigen class I (SLAI) proteins derived from six different strains of domestic pigs to screen and identify shared FMDV CTL epitopes. Read More
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    Development and validation of a foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT serotype-specific 3ABC assay to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals.
    J Virol Methods 2018 May 8;255:44-51. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
    Transboundary Animal Diseases, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. Electronic address:
    The effective control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) requires sensitive, specific and rapid diagnostic tools. However, the control and eradication of FMD in Africa is complicated by, among other factors, the existence of five of the seven FMD virus (FMDV) serotypes, including the SAT-serotypes 1, 2 and 3 that are genetically and antigenically the most variable FMDV serotypes. A key diagnostic assay to enable a country to re-gain its FMD-free status and for FMD surveillance, is the 3ABC or the non-structural protein (NSP) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Read More
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    Seneca Valley Virus 3C abrogates the IRF3- and IRF7-mediated innate immune response by degrading IRF3 and IRF7.
    Virology 2018 May 7;518:1-7. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
    State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China. Electronic address:
    Seneca Valley Virus (SVV) is a newly emerged virus belonging to the family Picornaviridae. Basic knowledge of the immunological response to SVV is limited. To date, one study has demonstrated that SVV 3C mediates the cleavage of host MAVS, TRIF, and TANK at specific sites and consequently escapes the host's antiviral innate immunity. Read More
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    GS-9620 inhibits enterovirus 71 replication mainly through the NF-κB and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways.
    Antiviral Res 2018 May 6;153:39-48. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
    Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC) & Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine Ministry of Health, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address:
    Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the second most common cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which can occur as a severe epidemic especially among children under 5-years old. New and improved treatment strategies to control EV71 infection are therefore urgently required. The heterocyclic compound GS-9620, a potent and selective agonist of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), has been reported to activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), and suppress HBV as well as HIV replication. Read More
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    Molecular epidemiology, evolution and phylogeny of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
    Infect Genet Evol 2018 Apr 3;59:84-98. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
    DTU National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lindholm, Kalvehave 4771, Denmark. Electronic address:
    Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is responsible for one of the most economically important infectious diseases of livestock. The virus spreads very easily and continues to affect many countries (mainly in Africa and Asia). The risks associated with the introduction of FMDV result in major barriers to trade in animals and their products. Read More
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    Oral condyloma acuminatum in a 75-year-old geriatric patient.
    BMJ Case Rep 2018 Feb 1;2018. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
    Department of Oral Pathology, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Science & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
    Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a human papillomavirus-induced sexually transmitted disease which is characterised by epithelial proliferation in the genital region, perianal region, oral cavity and larynx. It was first reported by Knapp and Uohara in 1967. The disease is more common in children and teenagers and appears as solitary or multiple, pinkish, sessile papules or plaques with pebbled surface or as pedunculated papillary lesions. Read More
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    Genetic stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus during long-term infections in natural hosts.
    PLoS One 2018 1;13(2):e0190977. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
    Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, New York, United States of America.
    Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a severe infection caused by a picornavirus that affects livestock and wildlife. Persistence in ruminants is a well-documented feature of Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) pathogenesis and a major concern for disease control. Persistently infected animals harbor virus for extended periods, providing a unique opportunity to study within-host virus evolution. Read More
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    Modifications to the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus 2A Peptide: Influence on Polyprotein Processing and Virus Replication.
    J Virol 2018 04 28;92(8). Epub 2018 Mar 28.
    National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lindholm, Kalvehave, Denmark
    Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome that includes a single, large open reading frame encoding a polyprotein. The cotranslational "cleavage" of this polyprotein at the 2A/2B junction is mediated by the 2A peptide (18 residues in length) using a nonproteolytic mechanism termed "ribosome skipping" or "StopGo." Multiple variants of the 2A polypeptide with this property among the picornaviruses share a conserved C-terminal motif [D(V/I)E(S/T)NPG↓P]. Read More
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    The pathogenesis of iodide mumps: A case report.
    Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Nov;96(47):e8881
    Relation: Iodide mumps is an uncommon condition, induced by iodide-containing contrast, and is characterized by a rapid, painless enlargement of the bilateral or unilateral salivary gland. At present, the pathogenesis of iodide mumps is not yet clear. It may be related to an idiosyncratic reaction, a toxic accumulation of iodine in the gland duct, or renal function damage leading to an iodine excretion disorder. Read More
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    Detection of Pathogen Exposure in African Buffalo Using Non-Specific Markers of Inflammation.
    Front Immunol 2017 11;8:1944. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
    Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.
    Detecting exposure to new or emerging pathogens is a critical challenge to protecting human, domestic animal, and wildlife health. Yet, current techniques to detect infections typically target known pathogens of humans or economically important animals. In the face of the current surge in infectious disease emergence, non-specific disease surveillance tools are urgently needed. Read More
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    Inhibition of EV71 by curcumin in intestinal epithelial cells.
    PLoS One 2018 25;13(1):e0191617. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
    Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
    EV71 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Picornaviridae family. EV71 infection may cause various symptoms ranging from hand-foot-and-mouth disease to neurological pathological conditions such as aseptic meningitis, ataxia, and acute transverse myelitis. There is currently no effective treatment or vaccine available. Read More
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    Identification and production of mouse scFv to specific epitope of enterovirus-71 virion protein-2 (VP2).
    Arch Virol 2018 May 22;163(5):1141-1152. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
    Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
    Enterovirus-71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus-A16 (CA16) frequently cause hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) epidemics among infants and young children. CA16 infections are usually mild, while EV71 disease may be fatal due to neurologic complications. As such, the ability to rapidly and specifically recognize EV71 is needed to facilitate proper case management and epidemic control. Read More
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    Antidepressants for depression in adults with HIV infection.
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 01 22;1:CD008525. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
    Centre for Evidence Based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zyl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505, Parow, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa, 7505.
    Background: Rates of major depression among people living with HIV (PLWH) are substantially higher than those seen in the general population and this may adversely affect antiretroviral treatment outcomes. Several unique clinical and psychosocial factors may contribute to the development and persistence of depression in PLWH. Given these influences, it is unclear if antidepressant therapy is as effective for PLWH as the general population. Read More
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    Development of a chemiluminescence immunoassay using recombinant non-structural epitope-based proteins to accurately differentiate foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected and vaccinated bovines.
    Transbound Emerg Dis 2018 Apr 16;65(2):338-344. Epub 2018 Jan 16.
    State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
    The contamination of inactivated vaccine with non-structural proteins (NSPs) leads to a high false-positive rate, which is a substantial barrier to accurately differentiate foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)-infected animals from vaccinated animals. To address this problem, a new chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) method was developed to detect antibodies targeting the two recombinant epitope-based proteins located in 3A and 3B. The 3Aepitp-3Bepitp CLIA exhibited a diagnostic sensitivity of 94. Read More
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    Development of Orally Applicable, Combinatorial Drug-Loaded Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Fibrosarcoma.
    J Pharm Sci 2018 May 12;107(5):1398-1407. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
    Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biruni University Faculty of Pharmacy, 34010, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:
    Nanoparticulate systems have been receiving a significant attention especially for the treatment of cancer but one of the main hurdles is to produce these developed and high-tech nanosystems in large quantities. Anticancer drug formulations are generally designed for parenteral administrations but oral administration is still the most convenient route. In this study, orally applicable nano-sized chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully prepared using Nano Spray Dryer. Read More
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    Serological survey of neutralizing antibodies to eight major enteroviruses among healthy population.
    Emerg Microbes Infect 2018 Jan 10;7(1). Epub 2018 Jan 10.
    State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
    Human enteroviruses (EVs) are the most common causative agents infecting human, causing many harmful diseases, such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), herpangina (HA), myocarditis, encephalitis, and aseptic meningitis. EV-related diseases pose a serious worldwide threat to public health. To gain comprehensive insight into the seroepidemiology of major prevalent EVs in humans, we firstly performed a serological survey for neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), Coxsackie virus A16 (CV-A16), Coxsackie virus A6 (CV-A6), Coxsackie virus A10 (CV-A10), Coxsackie virus B3 (CV-B3), Coxsackie virus B5 (CV-B5), Echovirus 25 (ECHO25), and Echovirus 30 (ECHO30) among the healthy population in Xiamen City in 2016, using micro-neutralization assay. Read More
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    Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated cell culture-derived Seneca Valley virus vaccine in pigs.
    Vaccine 2018 02 5;36(6):841-846. Epub 2018 Jan 5.
    State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China. Electronic address:
    Seneca Valley virus (SVV) infection in pigs is associated with porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD). Outbreaks of SVV infection in pig herds have been reported in several Asia and Americas countries. Recently, a series of outbreaks of SVV infection occurred in China, Canada, Thailand and the United States. Read More
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    Enhanced human enterovirus 71 infection by endocytosis inhibitors reveals multiple entry pathways by enterovirus causing hand-foot-and-mouth diseases.
    Virol J 2018 01 3;15(1). Epub 2018 Jan 3.
    Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
    Background: Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) was previously known to enter cells through clathrin or caveolar mediated endocytic pathways. However, we observed chlorpromazine (CPZ) or dynasore (DNS), which inhibit clathrin and dynamin mediated endocytosis, did not suppress EV71 cell entry in particular cell types. So the current knowledge of entry mechanisms by EV71 is not complete. Read More
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    Immunity against hepatitis E virus infection: Implications for therapy and vaccine development.
    Rev Med Virol 2018 Mar 22;28(2). Epub 2017 Dec 22.
    Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center and Postgraduate School Molecular Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
    Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide and an emerging cause of chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. As with viral infections in general, immune responses are critical to determine the outcome of HEV infection. Accumulating studies in cell culture, animal models and patients have improved our understanding of HEV immunopathogenesis and informed the development of new antiviral therapies and effective vaccines. Read More
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    Multi-resistance strategy for viral diseases and short hairpin RNA verification method in pigs.
    Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018 Apr 19;31(4):489-498. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
    Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
    Objective: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are major diseases that interrupt porcine production. Because they are viral diseases, vaccinations are of only limited effectiveness in preventing outbreaks. To establish an alternative multi-resistant strategy against FMD virus (FMDV) and PRRS virus (PRRSV), the present study introduced two genetic modification techniques to porcine cells. Read More
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    Oral plasmablastic lymphoma as the first manifestation of AIDS.
    An Bras Dermatol 2017 ;92(5 Suppl 1):110-112
    Department of Oral Medicine, discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology of the Faculdade de Odontologia - Universidade de São Paulo (FO-USP) - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
    Plasmablastic lymphoma is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by its plasmacytic differentiation and predilection for the oral cavity. It is among the lymphomas most commonly associated with AIDS. This report details a case of a HIV-positive patient with a 1-month history of an exophytic mass in the gingival area of the upper left quadrant. Read More
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    RSAD2 and AIM2 Modulate Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Replication in Neuronal Cells in Different Ways That May Be Associated with Their 5' Nontranslated Regions.
    J Virol 2018 03 26;92(6). Epub 2018 Feb 26.
    Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) are closely related enteroviruses that cause the same hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), but neurological complications occur only very rarely in CV-A16 compared to EV-A71 infections. To elucidate host responses that may be able to explain these differences, we performed transcriptomic analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in CV-A16-infected neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH), and the results showed that the radical -adenosylmethionine domain containing 2 (RSAD2) was the highest upregulated gene in the antimicrobial pathway. Increased RSAD2 expression was correlated with reduced viral replication, while RSAD2 knockdown cells were correlated with increased replication. Read More
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    [The clinical and microbiological characteristics of oropharyngeal candidiasis in the HIV-infected patients at the late stages of the disease].
    Vestn Otorinolaringol 2017;82(6):7-10
    Perm Regional Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Perm, Russia, 614990.
    Oropharyngeal candidiasis in 512 HIV-infected patients at the late stages of the disease was studied with special reference to the clinical and microbiological characteristics of this condition. The diagnosis was established based on the results of the clinical and microbiological examination of the patients including investigation of the tissue samples taken from the oral cavity and the throat with the use of the device specially developed for this purpose. It was shown that the disease existed in various clinical forms the most common of which were monocomponent pathology represented by pseudomembranous candidiasis in 37. Read More
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    Clearance of a persistent picornavirus infection is associated with enhanced pro-apoptotic and cellular immune responses.
    Sci Rep 2017 Dec 19;7(1):17800. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
    Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY, USA.
    Long-term persistent viral infections cause substantial morbidity and associated economic losses in human and veterinary contexts. Yet, the mechanisms associated with establishment of persistent infections are poorly elucidated. We investigated immunomodulatory mechanisms associated with clearance versus persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in micro-dissected compartments of the bovine nasopharynx by microarray. Read More
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    Foot-and-mouth disease virus infection stimulates innate immune signaling in the mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.
    Can J Microbiol 2018 Feb 18;64(2):155-166. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
    a College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 Gansu, People's Republic of China.
    The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense against invasion by bacterial and viral pathogens. The role of macrophages in innate immune responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is poorly understood. To determine the mechanism underlying activation of innate immunity after FMDV infection in macrophages, we performed FMDV infection in mouse macrophage RAW 264. Read More
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    Risk factors for death in children with critical and severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Chongqing, China: An observational study.
    Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(49):e8934
    Infection Department of the Children's Hospital, The Pediatrics Institution of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
    Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood infection that may lead to serious complications and even death. Globally, epidemics of HFMD are increasing each year, especially in China. This study aimed to identify risk factors for death in children with critical and severe HFMD in Chongqing, China. Read More
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    High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Oral Cancer: Clinical Implications.
    Oncology 2018 15;94(3):133-141. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
    Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (deemed-to-be) University, Mumbai, India.
    Oral cancer is the eleventh most common cancer globally, with well-established major risk factors of tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18. HR-HPV16/18 are the etiologic agents of cervical cancers and a proportion of oropharyngeal cancers. HPV-associated oropharyngeal and oral cancers show better prognosis and response to therapy. Read More
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