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Porcine Health Manag 2020 6;6:20. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.

Asia is a major pig producer of the world, and at present, African swine fever virus (ASFV) continues to significantly impact the Asian pig industry. Since more than 50% of the world's pig population is in Asia, ASFV outbreaks in Asia will affect the global pig industry. Prior to the introduction of ASF, several outbreaks of major swine viruses occurred in Asia over the last two decades, including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV). Read More

Prev Vet Med 2020 Jun 29;181:105082. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is highly contagious, and the introduction of FMD virus in countries free of the disease can result in large epidemics, similar to those observed in the United Kingdom, Japan, and Uruguay. Many countries or regions of South America are recognized as "FMD-free with vaccination" or "FMD-free without vaccination." Uruguay has been certified as FMD-free with vaccination, and the transition to the status of FMD-free without vaccination has been discussed among the stakeholders of the Ministry of Livestock Agriculture and Fisheries (MGAP in Spanish). Read More

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2020 Apr;29(2):118-122

Society of Oral Medicine Shanghai Stomatological Association; Oral Mucosal Disease Specialist Alliance Organization of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Group.

The announcement of National Health Commission on January 20, 2020 (No. 1 of 2020) has included Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia(NCP) into the B class infectious diseases according to the law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and has been managed as A class infectious diseases. People's governments at all levels and health administration departments have been paying high attention to it, and medical and health institutions have taken a series of prevention and control measures according to the law to prevent and control the spread of NCP. Read More

Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2020 Apr;29(2):113-117

National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011, China.

Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) has swept across our country and local governments have successively initiated first level response to public health emergencies. The outbreak of COVID-19 poses a huge challenge to the implementation of various clinical researches including oral diseases. In view of the specialty of oral diseases, it is particularly necessary to protect the health and rights of the participators and related practitioners, and to standardize the implementation of clinical trials. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 06 29;17(13). Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Preventive Medicine, Miguel Servet University Hospital of Zaragoza, Paseo Isabel la Católica 1, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of YouTube videos in Spanish on the basic measures to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: On 18 March 2020, a search was conducted on YouTube using the terms "Prevencion Coronavirus" and "Prevencion COVID-19". We studied the associations between the type of authorship and the country of publication with other variables (such as the number of likes and basic measures to prevent COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization, among others) with univariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression model. Read More

Expert Rev Vaccines 2020 Jul 1. Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

Introduction: Several are pathogens that generate serious problems for human and animal health worldwide. Vaccination is an attractive approach to fight against picornaviruses. In this regard, the development of low-cost vaccines is a priority to ensure coverage; especially in developing and low-income countries. Read More

Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2020 ;99(3):37-40

Azerbaijan State Advanced Training Institute for Doctors named after A. Aliyev, Baku, Azerbaijan.

Objective: To study changes in the parameters of endogenous intoxication using the level of substances of low and medium molecular weight in the oral fluid in patients with catarrhal stomatitis, which got developed after the acute drug poisoning.

Material And Methods: To determine the degree of intoxication, we studied the concentrations of low and medium molecular weight substances (SLMMW) in the oral fluid of patients. We studied the saliva of 20 patients (13 men and 7 women, average age 39 years). Read More

J Virol Methods 2020 Jun 26:113921. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, China.

In order to establish a high-throughput identification technique that simultaneously detects six major pathogens including APP, HPS, PRRSV, Mhp, PCV-2 and CSFV, six pairs of primers and probes were designed based on the specific conservative sequences of the pathogens, a multiplex PCR system was developed, hybrid parameters were optimized, and evaluation of the technology was performed. The results showed that the present detection method had a sensitivity of 5.8 × 10copies/μL for APP, 7. Read More

Br Dent J 2020 06;228(12):971-975

Orthodontics, Cambridge University Hospital Trust, Cambridge, CB1 00Q, UK.

On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organisation identified COVID-19, caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, to be a global emergency. The risk factors already identified for developing complications from a COVID-19 infection are age, gender and comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity and cardiovascular disease. These risk factors, however, do not account for the other 52% of deaths arising from COVID-19 in often seemingly healthy individuals. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(26):e21011

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated With Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1650 Grand Concourse, Bronx, NY.

Rationale: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is an uncommon subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). M3v phenotype is a less common presentation of APL and these patients usually present with leukocytosis and abnormal promyelocytes that are characterized by sparse granulation and are less likely to have faggot cells with multiple Auer rods. Distinguishing M3v phenotype from acute febrile illness can be challenging as the diagnosis relies on examination of peripheral smear. Read More

J Vet Med Sci 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency.

Foot-and-mouth disease is one of the most highly contagious animal diseases. In an effort to overcome the drawbacks of the currently used inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine, a novel recombinant protein carrying foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 GH loop epitope linked to vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein was expressed in a baculovirus system. Its antigenicity was confirmed with ELISA using monoclonal antibody against foot-and-mouth disease virus. Read More

J Virol 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Division of Livestock Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.

Cap-independent translation initiation on picornavirus mRNAs is mediated by an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) in the 5' untranslated region. Regulation of internal initiation requires the interaction of IRES-transacting factors (ITAFs) with the IRES. In this study, we identified a novel ITAF, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), which negatively regulates foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) translation and viral replication. Read More

Antiviral Res 2020 Jun 21:104827. Epub 2020 Jun 21.

Department of Virology, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 666 Liuying West Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, China. Electronic address:

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen that causes acute upper respiratory infections and oral disease in cats, thus seriously endangering feline health. Recently, there have been outbreaks of particularly virulent variant strains of FCV, which can cause both acute symptoms and fatal systemic disease. The discovery of effective antiviral agents to treat FCV infection is, therefore, gradually assuming increased importance. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Objectives: Recent scientific evidences suggest a relevant role of the oral cavity in the transmission and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed, up to April 30, 2020, focusing on SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, oral cavity, and antimicrobial agents.

Results: Oral viral load of SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with the severity of COVID-19, and thus, a reduction in the oral viral load could be associated with a decrease in the severity of the condition. Read More

Virus Res 2020 Jun 20;286:198064. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China. Electronic address:

MicroRNAs play vital roles in regulating the battle between pathogens and host cells during viral challenging. MiR-4331 aggravates transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) -induced mitochondrial damage, also suppresses transcription of TGEV gene 7 via targeting cellular CDCA7. Otherwise, miR-4331-5p affects H1N1/2009 influenza A virus replication by targeting viral HA and NS. Read More

Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020 Jun;38(3):343-346

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

As an aggressive subtype of squamous cell carcinoma, basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) rarely occurs in the oral and maxillofacial region. The gingiva is an unusual site of BSCC. This study reported a 78-year-old male who presented with left maxillary pain. Read More

Curr Microbiol 2020 Jun 15. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the main pathogen of the hand, foot, and mouth disease. It was firstly isolated from sputum specimens of infants with central nervous system diseases in California in 1969, and has been repeatedly reported in various parts of the world, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. EV71 3C protein is a 183 amino acid cysteine protease that can cleave most structural and non-structural proteins of EV71. Read More

Cell Rep 2020 06;31(11):107772

Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Electronic address:

ISG15 is a ubiquitin-like modifier that also functions extracellularly, signaling through the LFA-1 integrin to promote interferon (IFN)-γ release from natural killer (NK) and T cells. The signals that lead to the production of extracellular ISG15 and the relationship between its two core functions remain unclear. We show that both epithelial cells and lymphocytes can secrete ISG15, which then signals in either an autocrine or paracrine manner to LFA-1-expressing cells. Read More

GMS Hyg Infect Control 2020 28;15:Doc11. Epub 2020 May 28.

German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DGPI), Berlin, Germany.

In the opinion of the medical societies of hygiene and pediatrics undersigning the present statement, the analyses published to date regarding transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and the course of CoVid-19 show that children play a much less significant role in the spread of the virus than do adults. According to the findings available to date, not only do children and adolescents less frequently fall ill with CoVid-19, they also generally become less severely ill than do adults. The vast majority of infections in children and adolescents are asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2020 27;7:264. Epub 2020 May 27.

Vesicular Disease Reference Laboratory, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey, United Kingdom.

Pooled milk is used for the surveillance of several diseases of livestock. Previous studies demonstrated the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in the milk of infected animals at high dilutions, and consequently, the collection of pooled milk samples could be used to enhance FMD surveillance. This study evaluated pooled milk for FMDV surveillance on a large-scale dairy farm that experienced two FMD outbreaks caused by the A/ASIA/G-VII and O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d lineages, despite regular vaccination and strict biosecurity practices. Read More

Trials 2020 Jun 12;21(1):520. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China.

Objectives: To assess the safety and therapeutic effects of allogeneic human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in treating severe pneumonia caused by COVID-19.

Trial Design: This is a single centre, two arm ratio 1:1, triple blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group, clinical trial.

Participants: Twenty serious COVID-19 cases will be enrolled in the trial from April 6th to December 31st 2020. Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2020 Jun 9;9(6). Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, USA.

can be present as a cutaneous, mucosal or deep-seated organ infection, which is caused by more than 20 types of sp., with being the most common. These are pathogenic yeast and are usually present in the normal microbiome. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019 10;101(4):729

Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Pathogens 2020 Jun 4;9(6). Epub 2020 Jun 4.

State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China.

Seneca Valley Virus (SVV) is an oncolytic virus of the Picornaviridae family, which has emerged in recent years. The impact of SVV on host cell translation remains unknown. Here, we showed, for the first time, that SVV infection cleaved poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1). Read More

Front Vet Sci 2020 20;7:276. Epub 2020 May 20.

Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Orient Point, NY, United States.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most economically important livestock diseases worldwide. Following the clinical phase of FMD, a large proportion of ruminants remain persistently infected for extended periods. Although extinction of this carrier state occurs continuously at the animal and population levels, studies vary widely in their estimates of the duration of persistent infection. Read More

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020 May 30;71:101499. Epub 2020 May 30.

Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, PR China. Electronic address:

There has been an increasing interest in finding new formulations that qualify as vaccine adjuvants, which must be safe, stable, and have the capacity to stimulate a strong immune response. In this study, a basic formulation of a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) adjuvant CV13 was developed, and ginseng stem-leaf saponins (GSLS) were added as an immune booster into oil phase. The physicochemical properties of the adjuvant were tested. Read More

Med Hypotheses 2020 Jun 1;144:109910. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

EPISTATA - Agency for Clinical Research and Medical Statistics, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

We reviewed the literature concerning the innate response from nasal and oral epithelial cells and their reaction to hydrogen peroxide (HO). Hydrogen peroxide is produced physiologically by oral bacteria and plays a significant role in the balance of oral microecology since it is an important antimicrobial agent. In the epithelial cells, the enzyme superoxide dismutase catalyzes a reaction leading from hydrogen peroxide to the ion superoxide. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(23):e20473

China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Background: In China, heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese medicines combined with conventional therapy are commonly applied to treat the mild hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). However, there is lack of solid evidence on the efficacy and safety of such therapies.

Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis with individual patient data from 5 strictly randomized controlled clinical trials to assess the efficacy and safety of this combination therapy for mild HFMD. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2020 06 16;22(6):e19782. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

School of Journalism and Communication, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.

Background: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, engagement in preventive behaviors and getting tested for the virus play a crucial role in protecting people from contracting the new coronavirus.

Objective: This study aims to examine how internet use, risk awareness, and demographic characteristics are associated with engagement in preventative behaviors and testing during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on Amazon Mechanical Turk from April 10, 2020, to April 14, 2020. Read More

J Virol 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Division of Livestock Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which is caused by FMD virus (FMDV), remains a major plague among cloven-hoofed animals worldwide, and its outbreak often has disastrous socio-economic consequences. A live-attenuated FMDV vaccine will greatly facilitate the global control and eradication of FMD, but a safe and effective attenuated FMDV vaccine has not yet been successfully developed. Here, we found that the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element in the viral genome is a critical virulence determinant of FMDV, and a nucleotide substitution of cytosine (C) for guanine (G) at position 351 of the IRES endows FMDV with temperature-sensitive and attenuation () phenotypes. Read More

N Engl J Med 2020 06;382(23):e103

Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020 Jun;55(6):361-366

Department of Operative and Endodontics, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.

The pandemic of COVID-19 in early 2020 is a big challenge to the mechanism of major epidemic prevention and control, the national public health management system, as well as medical and health resources in China. Going through the COVID-19 crisis, we should fully understand the problems and vulnerabilities of the current public health system in China, and it is imperative to deepen and strengthen the public health system which should be throughout whole life cycle and whole process. Oral cavity is the first portal of human body, while illness finds its way in by the mouth. Read More

ACS Infect Dis 2020 Jun 1. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.

Pandemics such as influenza, smallpox, and plague have caused the loss of hundreds of millions of lives and have occurred for many centuries. Fortunately, they have been largely eliminated by the use of vaccinations and drugs. More recently, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and now Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have arisen, and given the current absence of highly effective approved vaccines or drugs, brute-force approaches involving physical barriers are being used to counter virus spread. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 May 26;17(11). Epub 2020 May 26.

Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Paediatric Dentistry, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy.

Pending the availability of vaccines to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the current solution is "social distancing" with a reduction of dental treatments to those assessed as urgent and emergency cases. These treatments also involve Early Childhood Caries (ECC) due to the fact that this disease affects preschool children (a vulnerable population) and, in addition, shows a propensity to evolve into more serious complications (dental pain, infections). A narrative review was carried out to support a protocol for treating ECC with efficacious and safe (in terms of SARS-CoV-2 transmission) procedures. Read More

Biomedica 2020 05 1;40(Supl. 1):76-88. Epub 2020 May 1.

Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

Introduction: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an ubiquitous and oncogenic virus associated with the development of diseases such as infectious mononucleosis, Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and other neoplasms. Currently, two types are recognized: EBV-1 and EBV-2, which have genetic differences with their EBNA nuclear antigens. Likewise, due to the high degree of heterogeneity and variability found in the LMP1 protein of the virus, variants associated with pathogenesis or specific geographic regions have been described. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 May 21;21(10). Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

The COVID-19 pandemic is marked by a wide range of clinical disease courses, ranging from asymptomatic to deadly. There have been many studies seeking to explore the correlations between COVID-19 clinical outcomes and various clinical variables, including age, sex, race, underlying medical problems, and social habits. In particular, the relationship between smoking and COVID-19 outcome is controversial, with multiple conflicting reports in the current literature. Read More

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020 07 18;130(1):127-128. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Head and Neck Surgery Department, Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Oral Oncol 2020 07 22;106:104814. Epub 2020 May 22.

Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Arch Virol 2020 May 24. Epub 2020 May 24.

Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva da Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Cocal virus (COCV) is one of the causative agents of vesicular stomatitis, presenting clinical signs indistinguishable from those caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Therefore, the differentiation of these two viruses via laboratory diagnosis is essential. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) protocol for the diagnosis of COCV directly from epithelial samples. Read More

Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019 Nov-Dec;12(6):582-586

Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Leukemia is the cancer of blood cells and bone marrow and it is the most common cancer in children. The cause of acute lymphocytic leukemia is unknown, but many predisposing risk factors could be associated, such as an exposure to radiation, chemical or viral infections. A six-year-old boy was presented with multiple carious teeth and severe pain related to his lower left teeth. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 20;62(1):20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) remains one of the most economically important infectious diseases of production animals. Six (out of 7 that have been identified) different serotypes of the FMD virus continue to circulate in different parts of the world. Within each serotype there is also extensive diversity as the virus constantly changes. Read More

Microorganisms 2020 May 17;8(5). Epub 2020 May 17.

Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Obligate hematophagous ectoparasitic flies of the superfamily Hippoboscoidea are distributed worldwide, but their role as vectors and reservoirs of viruses remains understudied. We examined hippoboscoid bat flies (family Nycteribiidae) parasitizing Angolan soft-furred fruit bats () from Bundibugyo District, Uganda. Using metagenomic methods, we detected 21 variants of the rhabdovirid genus , which contains medically important "bat-associated" viruses. Read More

Oral Oncol 2020 07 3;106:104760. Epub 2020 May 3.

Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK. Electronic address:

J Virol Methods 2020 Jun 14;280:113860. Epub 2020 May 14.

Exotic Diseases Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Josuihoncho 6-20-1, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-0022, Japan. Electronic address:

Environ Int 2020 08 11;141:105794. Epub 2020 May 11.

International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.

Airborne transmission is a pathway of contagion that is still not sufficiently investigated despite the evidence in the scientific literature of the role it can play in the context of an epidemic. While the medical research area dedicates efforts to find cures and remedies to counteract the effects of a virus, the engineering area is involved in providing risk assessments in indoor environments by simulating the airborne transmission of the virus during an epidemic. To this end, virus air emission data are needed. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 05 13;17(10). Epub 2020 May 13.

School of Dentistry, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

The aim of this pilot study was to describe the advantages of telemedicine (TM) in dental practice during the current national emergency condition due to the Covid-19 dissemination. At Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology-Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, regional reference center for Covid-19-two groups of patients were determined: patients with urgent conditions (group U) and patients in follow-up (group F). Both groups were instructed to implement remote consultations using a messaging service (WhatsApp Messenger, WhatsApp Inc. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 May 13;13(5). Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

COVID-19 is the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which first arose in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since been declared a pandemic. The clinical sequelae vary from mild, self-limiting upper respiratory infection symptoms to severe respiratory distress, acute cardiopulmonary arrest and death. Otolaryngologists around the globe have reported a significant number of mild or otherwise asymptomatic patients with COVID-19 presenting with olfactory dysfunction. Read More

Pathogens 2020 May 11;9(5). Epub 2020 May 11.

State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a swine enteropathogenic coronavirus (CoV), is the causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). PED causes lethal watery diarrhea in piglets, which has led to substantial economic losses in many countries and is a great threat to the global swine industry. Interferons (IFNs) are major cytokines involved in host innate immune defense, which induce the expression of a broad range of antiviral effectors that help host to control and antagonize viral infections. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2020 24;7:223. Epub 2020 Apr 24.

Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Security, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, United Kingdom.

There are a number of disease threats to the livestock of Scotland that are not presently believed to be circulating in the UK. Here, we present the development of a tool for prioritizing resources for livestock disease threats to Scotland by combining a semi-quantitative model of the chance of introduction of different diseases with a semi-quantitative model of disease impact. Eighteen key diseases were identified and then input into a model framework to produce a semi-quantitative estimate of disease priorities. Read More

Microbes Infect 2020 May - Jun;22(4-5):168-171. Epub 2020 May 6.

Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA; University of Paris, Paris, France. Electronic address:

The nasal cavity and turbinates play important physiological functions by filtering, warming and humidifying inhaled air. Paranasal sinuses continually produce nitric oxide (NO), a reactive oxygen species that diffuses to the bronchi and lungs to produce bronchodilatory and vasodilatory effects. Studies indicate that NO may also help to reduce respiratory tract infection by inactivating viruses and inhibiting their replication in epithelial cells. Read More