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Dig Dis Sci 2021 Jun 4. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines recommend frequent colonoscopies and consideration of genetic testing in individuals with ≥10 cumulative adenomas. However, it is unclear how these guidelines apply to routine practice.

Aims: We estimated the proportion of participants found to have ≥10 cumulative adenomas in a screening population and described their outcomes of advanced neoplasia (AN), CRC, and extra-colonic malignancy. Read More

J Pathol Transl Med 2021 Jun 1. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

A sarcomatoid variant of urothelial carcinoma in the female urethral diverticulum has not been reported previously. A 66-year-old woman suffering from dysuria presented with a huge urethral mass invading the urinary bladder and vagina. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed predominantly undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma with sclerosis. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 May 19. Epub 2021 May 19.

Department of Dermatology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.

Background: Acrochordons (fibroepithelial polyps, skin tags, papillomas) are common benign neoplasms of the skin.

Aim: To identify the prevalence of colonic polyps among patients presenting with skin tags and to determine a useful criteria for screening with colonoscopy.

Methods: Two hundred patients who fulfilled the selection criteria underwent physical, biochemical evaluation (fasting blood sugar (FBS), body mass index (BMI) calculation, occult blood in stool), and histopathological examination of the skin tags. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA.

Background: Detection and removal of colonic adenomatous polyps (CAP) decreases colorectal cancer (CRC) development, particularly with more or larger polyps or polyps with advanced villous/dysplastic histology. Immunosuppression following solid organ transplantation (SOT) may accelerate CAP development and progression compared to average-risk population but the benefit of earlier colonoscopic surveillance is unclear.

Aims: Study the impact of maintenance immunosuppression post-SOT on developmental timing, multiplicity and pathological features of CAP, by measuring incidence of advanced CAP (villous histology, size ≥ 10 mm, ≥ 3 polyps, presence of dysplasia) post-SOT and the incidence of newly diagnosed CRC compared to average-risk age-matched population. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2021 May 5;73:101945. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Division of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Yunlin, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Purpose: This study examined the association between cumulative tea consumption over time and various colorectal adenomas as well as their pathology, number, and size.

Methods: 7355 eligible subjects who underwent health check-ups with colonoscopies were recruited. They were classified into three groups: polyp-free, having low-risk colorectal adenomas, and having high-risk colorectal adenomas. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Apr 22;11(1):8764. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Individuals diagnosed with colorectal adenomas with high-risk features during screening colonoscopy have increased risk for the development of subsequent adenomas and colorectal cancer. While US guidelines recommend surveillance colonoscopy at 3 years in this high-risk population, surveillance uptake is suboptimal. To inform future interventions to improve surveillance uptake, we sought to assess surveillance rates and identify facilitators of uptake in a large integrated health system. Read More

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021 Jul 12;147(7):1897-1904. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.

Purpose: Non-neuroendocrine neoplasms of the appendix are a phenotypically heterogeneous group of lesions; a comprehensive molecular characterization of these tumors is still lacking.

Methods: A total of 52 samples taken from 49 patients was evaluated: 18 sessile serrated lesions (SSL; 3 with dysplasia), 2 high-grade tubular adenomas, 1 tubulo-villous adenoma,1 hyperplastic polyp, 18 low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN), 3 high-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (HAMN) and 9 mucinous adenocarcinomas. Hotspot mutational profiling of the RNF43, SMAD4, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA genes was performed. Read More

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2021 Jan 22;34(2):297-298. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas.

Villous adenoma of the genitourinary system is rarely encountered by the general urologist. Although commonly seen in a colorectal practice, this tumor has been infrequently described in the urethra or bladder. In the genitourinary tract, this tumor appears to have excellent survival when isolated; however, it does have an association with adenocarcinoma of the genitourinary or gastrointestinal tract. Read More

Mod Pathol 2021 Mar 5. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations have been implicated in urothelial carcinogenesis and are present in 60-80% of conventional and variants of urothelial carcinomas. We investigated the prevalence of TERT promoter mutations in 46 cases of bladder nonurachal adenocarcinoma, 30 cases of urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation, 24 cases of nephrogenic adenoma, eight cases of villous adenoma, 31 cases of florid cystitis glandularis, and 20 cases of intestinal metaplasia of the bladder. TERT promoter mutations were detected in 33% of adenocarcinomas of urinary bladder and in 67% of urothelial carcinomas with glandular differentiation. Read More

Gut 2021 Mar 5. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Group (CSPRG), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Objective: Colonoscopy surveillance aims to reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence after polypectomy. The 2020 UK guidelines recommend surveillance at 3 years for 'high-risk' patients with ≥2 premalignant polyps (PMPs), of which ≥1 is 'advanced' (serrated polyp (or adenoma) ≥10 mm or with (high-grade) dysplasia); ≥5 PMPs; or ≥1 non-pedunculated polyp ≥20 mm; 'low-risk' patients without these findings are instead encouraged to participate in population-based CRC screening. We examined the appropriateness of these risk classification criteria and recommendations. Read More

Clin J Gastroenterol 2021 Apr 1;14(2):531-537. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.

Sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps), recently called sessile serrated lesions, have a neoplastic pathway in the large intestine and are treated as lesions with malignant potential. There are a few reports of traditional serrated adenomas in the duodenum but no reports of duodenal SSA/Ps. A 66-year-old man underwent screening upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and was found to have a white elevated lesion in the second portion of the duodenum. Read More

Saudi J Gastroenterol 2021 Feb 9. Epub 2021 Feb 9.

Department of Surgery, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men worldwide, with a significantly rising incidence in the Middle East region over the last few decades. This study investigates the histopathological and epidemiological characteristics of colonoscopic findings in a population with an average risk of CRC in Kuwait.

Methods: In this study, 1,005 asymptomatic average-risk Kuwaiti adults aged over 40 years had their first colonoscopy screening during the 2015-2018 period. Read More

Niger Postgrad Med J 2021 Jan-Mar;28(1):22-26

Department of Internal Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. With 5% risk of developing CRC in life, it became the third leading cause of cancer death in developed nations. In Nigeria, it is the most common GI cancer. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2021 Feb 27;21(1):91. Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Division of Coloproctology, Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 271, Cheonbo-ro, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi-do, 11765, Korea.

Background: Routine colonoscopy is recommended to determine the coexistence of colon cancer after medical treatment for colon diverticulitis. However, in the case of uncomplicated diverticulitis diagnosed by computed tomography, the clinical relevance of routine follow-up colonoscopy has recently been debated. Yet, the role of follow-up colonoscopy for right colon diverticulitis, which tends to develop at a younger age than left colon diverticulitis, has not been specifically evaluated. Read More

Cancer Res J (N Y N Y) 2021 Mar 25;9(1):23-33. Epub 2021 Jan 25.

Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Colorectal tumors are mostly of epithelial origin and represent a wide spectrum of neoplasms. About 97% of colorectal cancer originating from benign lesions of adenomatous polyps are adenocarcinomas. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with oncogene and tumor suppressor genes regulation which are known to parallel the tissue abnormalities involved with tumorigenesis such as colorectal adenoma to adenocarcinoma. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2021 Feb 16. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 667 Huntington Avenue, Kresge 906A, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Background And Aims: Conventional adenomas (CAs) and serrated polyps (SPs) are precursors to colorectal cancer (CRC). Understanding metachronous cancer risk is poor due to lack of accurate large-volume datasets. We outline the use of natural language processing (NLP) in forming the Partners Colonoscopy Cohort, an integrated longitudinal cohort of patients undergoing colonoscopies. Read More

PLoS One 2021 22;16(1):e0245211. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Risk stratification by index colonoscopy is well established for first surveillance endoscopy, but whether the previous two colonoscopies affect the subsequent advanced neoplasias has not been established. Therefore, the subsequent risk based on the findings of the index and first surveillance colonoscopies were investigated. This retrospective, cohort study was conducted in two clinics and included participants who had undergone two or more colonoscopies after index colonoscopy. Read More

Mymensingh Med J 2021 Jan;30(1):220-223

Dr Md Ashek Mahmud Ferdaus, Assistant Professor, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:

Colorectal cancer being the 4th most common cause of cancer death in which most arise from a preexisting adenomatous polyp. Among the various adenomas Giant villous adenoma (GVA) is less common. We came across a 65 years female with intermittent per rectal mucus discharge for last 10 years and intermittent fresh, painless, scanty per rectal bleeding along with weakness and fatigue for last 5 years. Read More

Biomolecules 2020 12 23;11(1). Epub 2020 Dec 23.

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.

Facilitating resolution of inflammation using atypical chemokine receptors (ACKR) as an anticancer strategy is considered but requires a deeper understanding of receptor role in carcinogenesis. We aimed at transcriptional analysis (RTqPCR) of and expression in colorectal adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence in paired normal-neoplastic tissues from 96 polyps and 51 cancers. On average, was downregulated in neoplastic as compared to non-affected tissue in polyp (by 2. Read More

BJR Case Rep 2020 Dec 16;6(4):20200016. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Colonic adenomas are commonly encountered lesions that are a precursor of colorectal cancer. Of these, villous adenomas are a rarer, more advanced subtype that are larger in size than tubular adenomas and have a higher risk of malignant transformation. We present a patient with a giant villous adenoma of the sigmoid colon identified on CT as homogeneous segmental bowel wall thickening. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Nov 26;21(23). Epub 2020 Nov 26.

Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717411, Iran.

Abnormal activation of Toll-like receptor (TLRs) signaling can result in colon cancer development. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of important TLRs in different histological types of colorectal polyps and evaluate their relationship with intestinal microbiota. The expression levels of TLR2, 3, 4, and 5 were analyzed in intestinal biopsy specimens of 21 hyperplastic polyp (HP), 16 sessile serrated adenoma (SSA), 29 tubular adenoma (TA), 21 villous/tubulovillous (VP/TVP) cases, and 31 normal controls. Read More

J Gastrointest Oncol 2020 Oct;11(5):911-917

Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Background: Our study aims to explore the indications and clinical efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) on the early colorectal carcinoma and precancerous lesions.

Methods: The clinical data of 29 patients with early colorectal carcinoma and precancerous lesions who were treated with ESD at Nantong First People's Hospital between January 2018 and December 2019 were collected. Then the endoscopic morphology, postoperative pathological classification, tumor resection rate, postoperative complications, and follow-up outcomes were analyzed. Read More

J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2020 Nov 9. Epub 2020 Nov 9.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China.

With the development of surgical technology, surgeons are paying more and more attention to minimally invasive procedures such as injury reduction, pain reduction, and beautiful incisions to ensure the effectiveness of surgical treatment. This article discusses the safety, feasibility, and clinical outcomes of laparoscopic resection of sigmoid colon and rectal tumors via natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES). The clinical data of 39 patients who underwent complete laparoscopic resection of sigmoid colon tumor or rectal tumor at Chengde Medical College Hospital between 2018 and 2020, including general patient data (gender, age, body mass index [BMI], etc. Read More

Histopathology 2021 May 23;78(6):814-830. Epub 2020 Dec 23.

Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Aims: Several different non-conventional morphological patterns of epithelial dysplasia have been recently described in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but there is limited information regarding their clinicopathological and molecular features, as well as potential risk for high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or colorectal cancer (CRC) compared with conventional dysplasia developing in IBD.

Methods And Results: A total of 317 dysplastic lesions from 168 IBD patients were analysed. All lesions were re-reviewed and subtyped as either conventional [including tubular adenoma-like (n = 183) and tubulovillous/villous adenoma-like (n = 56)] or non-conventional dysplasia [including dysplasia with increased Paneth cell differentiation (DPD, n = 40), crypt cell dysplasia (CCD, n = 14), goblet cell deficient (GCD, n = 10), hypermucinous (n = 7), sessile serrated lesion (SSL)-like (n = 4) and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA)-like (n = 3)]. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Sep;8(17):1101

Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) is mainly used for benign tumors of the rectum, but there are few reports on treating malignant tumors of the rectum with a large volume. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of TAMIS for resection of rectal malignant tumors. A 57-year-old patient was pathologically diagnosed as rectal malignancy before surgery. Read More

J Natl Cancer Inst 2021 May;113(5):543-552

Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Background: The role of poor diet quality in the rising incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed younger than age 50 years has not been explored. Based on molecular features of early-onset CRC, early-onset adenomas are emerging surrogate endpoints.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study (Nurses' Health Study II), we evaluated 2 empirical dietary patterns (Western and prudent) and 3 recommendation-based indexes (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension [DASH], Alternative Mediterranean Diet [AMED], and Alternative Healthy Eating Index [AHEI]-2010) with risk of early-onset adenoma overall and by malignant potential (high-risk: ≥1 cm, tubulovillous or villous histology, high-grade dysplasia, or ≥3 adenomas), among 29 474 women with 1 or more lower endoscopy before age 50 years (1991-2011). Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2020 Oct 27;2020(10):rjaa400. Epub 2020 Oct 27.

Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.

Polyps are defined as abnormal growth of tissue from a mucosal surface. Rectal polyps are the most common (2%) cause of gastro-intestinal bleed in children below 10 years. In adults, a rectal polyp presenting as an emergency with irreducible prolapse and massive bleeding causing severe anemia is seldom seen. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2020 Oct;26(37):5705-5717

Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.

Background: In resource-limited countries, risk stratification can be used to optimize colorectal cancer screening. Few prospective risk prediction models exist for advanced neoplasia (AN) in true average-risk individuals.

Aim: To create and internally validate a risk prediction model for detection of AN in average-risk individuals. Read More

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 May;33(5):639-644

Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York.

Background: The involvement of gastrointestinal tract is rare in sarcoidosis. Endoscopic and histologic evaluation likely provides diagnostic clue in sarcoidosis patients. The aims were to assess the frequency of abnormal endoscopy and histology in patients with sarcoidosis undergoing endoscopic evaluation and to characterize the endoscopic and histologic features in sarcoidosis of the gastrointestinal tract. Read More

Gut 2021 Jul 6;70(7):1309-1317. Epub 2020 Oct 6.

Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Objective: Postscreening colorectal cancer (PSCRC) after screening colonoscopy is associated with endoscopists' performance and characteristics of resected lesions. Prior studies have shown that adenoma detection rate (ADR) is a decisive factor for PSCRC, but correlations with other parameters need further analysis and ADR may change over time.

Design: Cohort study including individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy between 1/2008 and 12/2019 performed by physicians participating in a quality assurance programme in Austria. Read More