Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Comput Biol Med 2019 Mar 23;108:263-275. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/martin.bishop.html.

Identification of targets for catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardias (VTs) remains a significant challenge. VTs are often driven by re-entrant circuits resulting from a complex interaction between the front (activation) and tail (repolarization) of the electrical wavefront. Most mapping techniques do not take into account the tissue repolarization which may hinder the detection of ablation targets. Read More

JAMA Intern Med 2019 Apr 22. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

Division of Cardiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

J Cardiovasc Echogr 2019 Jan-Mar;29(1):1-6

Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure Department, Monaldi Hospital, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Nocera Inferiore, Italy.

Introduction: In patients affected by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), left atrial volume index (LAVi) is associated with an increased risk of tachyarrhythmias and major clinical events. To date, the clinical meaning of LAVi measured during exercise (stress LAVi [sLAVi]) has not yet been investigated in HCM. This study sought to evaluate the correlation between LAVi/sLAVi and clinical outcome (risk of arrhythmias and heart failure [HF]) in patients with HCM. Read More

J Arrhythm 2019 Apr 7;35(2):314-316. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Cardiology Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital Health Sciences University Ankara Turkey.

Entrainment is an important tool for the diagnosis and location of reentry. The usefulness of this maneuver requires that, prior to cessation of ventricular pacing, the atrial rate accelerates to the ventricular pacing rate. Moreover, it is important to verify the continuation of the tachycardia following cessation of entrainment. Read More

J Arrhythm 2019 Apr 30;35(2):287-289. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Heart Rhythm Center Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyoku Tokyo Japan.

Recent studies have demonstrated the utility of cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD) in patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs and catheter or surgical ablation. We present our experience with bilateral CSD in a patient with a recurrent VT despite attempts at treatment with catheter ablation and antiarrhythmic drugs, and this is the first description of the successful management of an idiopathic refractory VT with a bilateral CSD and concomitant oral amiodarone, occurring after catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation and idiopathic outflow tract premature ventricular contractions. Read More

J Arrhythm 2019 Apr 22;35(2):276-278. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Suita Japan.

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 21. Epub 2019 Apr 21.

Department of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Introduction: Higher progesterone concentrations are protective against drug-induced prolongation of ventricular repolarization. We tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with progesterone reduces the incidence of drug-induced torsades de pointes (TdP).

Methods And Results: Female New Zealand white rabbits (2. Read More

Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2019 May;12(5):e007023

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (D.M.A., K.C.S., G.S.D., M.Y., M.N., F.M., F.B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Background: Postinfarction ventricular tachycardia (VT) generally involves myocardial fibers surrounded by scar. Calcification of scar tissue has been described, but the relationship between calcifications within endocardial scar and VTs is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of myocardial calcifications as detected by cardiac computed tomography (CT) and the benefit for mapping and ablation focusing on nontolerated VTs. Read More

Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2019 May;12(5):e007175

Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (J.J., E.L., L.H.N., U.N., S.N., F.P., W.J.M., E.A., R.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Background: Conduction velocity (CV) is an important property that contributes to the arrhythmogenicity of the tissue substrate. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between local CV versus late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and myocardial wall thickness in a swine model of healed left ventricular infarction.

Methods: Six swine with healed myocardial infarction underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and electroanatomic mapping. Read More

Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2019 May;12(5):e007349

Electrophysiology Section, Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Arch Dis Child 2019 Apr 20. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Green Lane Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Objective: Guidelines state that verapamil is contraindicated in infants. This is based on reports of cardiovascular collapse and even death after rapid intravenous administration of verapamil in infants with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). We wish to challenge this contraindication for the specific indication of verapamil sensitive ventricular tachycardia (VSVT) in infants. Read More

JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Centre Zemun, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Electronic address:

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic value of feature-tracking global longitudinal strain (GLS) measured during vasodilator stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.

Background: Prior studies have suggested that blunted myocardial strain during dobutamine stress echocardiography may be associated with adverse prognosis. Recent developments in CMR feature-tracking techniques now allow assessment of strain in clinical practice using standard cine images without specialized pulse sequences or complex post-processing. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Non-invasive cardiac ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) using radiotherapy has recently gained interest among electrophysiologists. The effects of left ventricle (LV) ablative radiation treatment on global LV function and volumes are unknown.

Objective: To investigate the effects of non-invasive ablation on LV function over time. Read More

Heart Rhythm 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Northwell Health - Lenox Hill Heart and Lung 100 East 77th Street New York, NY-10021.

Background: Idiopathic arrhythmias commonly arise from the septal right ventricular outflow tract (sRVOT), sinuses of Valsalva (SoV) and great cardiac vein (GCV). Predicting exact site of origin is important for preparation for catheter ablation.

Objectives: To examine diagnostic value of non-invasive electroanatomic mapping (NIEAM) to differentiate between sRVOT, SoV and GCV origin and compare it to that of 12-lead ECG. Read More

Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address:

The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has been successfully treating patients with lethal ventricular arrhythmias for decades. The main acute and chronic complications of this therapy modality are related to the use of a transvenous lead. An entirely extravascular ICD concept was developed over the last 20 years, with emergence of the subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD). Read More

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 20. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Heart Rhythm Center, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Here we describe the cases of two elite athletes, with a diagnosis of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (ACM), in which a Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (S-ICD) has been implanted. Both patients experienced a ventricular tachycardia during exercise and received effective S-ICD shocks that interrupted arrhythmias. This report reveals for the first time that the S-ICD is effective in reverting arrhythmias in ACM patients, even during exercise. Read More

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO.

Introduction: A prospective phase I/II trial for electrophysiologic-guided noninvasive cardiac radioablation treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT) (XXXX) demonstrating efficacy for arrhythmia control has recently been reported. The treatment workflow, report dose-volume metrics, and overall process improvements are described here.

Methods: Patients receiving 25 Gy in a single fraction to the cardiac VT substrate (identified on pre-simulation multimodality imaging) on the phase I/II trial were included for analysis. Read More

Hellenic J Cardiol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokratio Hospital, Medical School University of Athens, 114, Vas. Sophias Av., GR11527, Athens, Greece. Electronic address:

Background: It is reported that the mitral valve (MV) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has structural abnormalities.

Purpose: To assess the MV in HCM patients using Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography (3DTEE).

Methods: Transthoracic and 3DTEE studies focused on the mitral valve were performed prospectively in 21 HCM patients with obstruction (Group I), 37 HCM patients without obstruction (Group II) and 28 controls (Group III). Read More

Acad Emerg Med 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Emergency Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave., Box: 1228, Brooklyn, NY, 11203.

Electrical cardioversion is an effective treatment for termination of ventricular tachycardia (VT) but is typically performed with procedural sedation, and thus involves associated risk. In hemodynamically stable VT, pharmacologic cardioversion is an option. Historically, lidocaine, amiodarone, procainamide, and sotalol have been used for pharmacologic cardioversion, based mostly upon expert opinion. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2019 3;6:34. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Dissimilar ventricular rhythms refer to the occurrence of different ventricular tachyarrhythmias in the right and left ventricles or different rates of the same tachyarrhythmia in the two ventricles. We investigated the inducibility of dissimilar ventricular rhythms, their underlying mechanisms, and the impact of anti-arrhythmic drugs (lidocaine and amiodarone) on their occurrence. Ventricular tachyarrhythmias were induced with burst pacing in 28 Langendorff-perfused Sprague Dawley rat hearts (14 control, 8 lidocaine, 6 amiodarone) and bipolar electrograms recorded from the right and left ventricles. Read More

JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 27;5(4):470-479. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU]), Pessac, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac- Bordeaux, France; Université Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1045, Bordeaux, France.

Objectives: This study reports the use of a novel "Lumipoint" algorithm in ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation.

Background: Automatic mapping systems aid rapid acquisition of activation maps. However, they may annotate farfield rather than nearfield signal in low voltage areas, making maps difficult to interpret. Read More

HeartRhythm Case Rep 2019 Apr 26;5(4):229-232. Epub 2019 Jan 26.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.

HeartRhythm Case Rep 2019 Apr 25;5(4):217-220. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

HeartRhythm Case Rep 2019 Apr 31;5(4):196-200. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Kentucky Children's Hospital, University of Kentucky, UK Healthcare, Lexington, Kentucky.

HeartRhythm Case Rep 2019 Apr 18;5(4):187-190. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Clin Case Rep 2019 Apr 19;7(4):630-631. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Arrhythmology Unit Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy.

The characterization of the pathological substrate and/or mapping of the clinical ventricular tachycardia in patients with left ventricular assist device may represent a challenge, due to the risk of entrapment of the intracardiac catheter into the inflow cannula. Hereby, we present the technique of a fast and safe mapping using a 20-poles catheter which allowed the identification of the critical isthmus during ventricular tachycardia. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2019 Apr 6;19(4):111-114. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is a slow-developing cardiomyopathy characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricular (RV) myocardium. Its clinical diagnosis is challenging because of its variable clinical presentation and low genetic penetrance. We describe the case of a 67-year-old man who was diagnosed as having ARVC/D with a desmoplakin mutation that appeared after occlusion of an atrial septal defect (ASD). Read More

Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2019 Apr 16:e12650. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Ciências Médicas-MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Background: The differential diagnosis of a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is accomplished using a number of pacing maneuvers. The incidence and mechanism of a single ventricular premature beat (VPB) on initiation and termination of tachycardia were evaluated during programmed electrical stimulation (PES) of the heart in patients with the two most common regular SVTs: atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and orthodromic atrioventricular tachycardia (AVRT).

Methods: Three hundred and thirty-seven consecutive patients aged above 18 years with an inducible sustained AVNRT or AVRT were prospectively enrolled. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2019 Apr 16;2019. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Garcia de Orta Hospital, Almada, Portugal.

Pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) are neuroendocrine tumors that can secrete catecholamines. The authors describe a challenging case who presented as stress cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction (MI). A 76-year-old man, with a medical history of Parkinson's disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and a previous inferior MI in 2001, presented to the emergency department due to chest pain, headaches and vomiting. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2019 Apr 2;19(7). Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Informatics, Faculty of Applied Informatics and Mathematics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.

The literature indicates that 90% of clinical alarms in intensive care units might be false. This high percentage negatively impacts both patients and clinical staff. In patients, false alarms significantly increase stress levels, which is especially dangerous for cardiac patients. Read More

Front Physiol 2019 29;10:350. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Following myocardial infarction (MI), the myocardium is prone to calcium-driven alternans, which typically precedes ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. MI is also associated with remodeling of the sympathetic innervation in the infarct border zone, although how this influences arrhythmogenesis is controversial. We hypothesize that the border zone is most vulnerable to alternans, that β-adrenergic receptor stimulation can suppresses this, and investigate the consequences in terms of arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Read More

J Pharm Pract 2019 Apr 14:897190019838700. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

1 Department of Pharmacy, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.

Purpose: A case of a nortriptyline overdose complicated by delayed ventricular arrhythmias necessitating prolonged sodium bicarbonate infusion is presented, along with a review of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) toxicology and key concepts for massive overdose management.

Summary: A 61-year-old man presented after an intentional nortriptyline overdose with a possible consumption of up to 2500 mg of nortriptyline. Electrocardiogram on presentation demonstrated QRS widening to 240 milliseconds. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Medizinische Klinik 1, HELIOS Klinikum München-West, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität München, Germany.

Introduction: Concealed structural abnormalities were detected by delayed enhancement - magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) in patients with apparently idiopathic tachycardia of left ventricular (LV) origin. Basal septal fibrosis was evaluated as a potential arrhythmia substrate in patients with left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) arrhythmias.

Methods And Results: 22 patients with LVOT arrhythmias, including frequent monomorphic premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) in 15 patients and ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 7 patients, underwent catheter ablation and DE-MRI. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.

The 2019 European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) Scientific Meetings released several Late Breaking Clinical Trials that define important results for the fields of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT). Three independent multicenter randomized controlled trials have confirmed that AF ablation with point-by-point radiofrequency energy or cryoballoon technology are both equally and highly effective, and significantly superior to antiarrhythmic drug therapy in reducing recurrent AF episodes and preventing arrhythmia-related hospitalizations. Edoxaban has been shown a viable option for periprocedural oral anticoagulation in patients undergoing catheter ablation of AF in a large multicenter randomized study, with outcomes similar to uninterrupted warfarin. Read More

Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2019 Apr;47(3):207-215

Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Objective: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disorder featuring left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, and a poor prognosis. The etiology is still unclear, despite diagnostic and therapeutic developments. This study was an evaluation of factors affecting the life span of a group of idiopathic DCM patients. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

A 67-year-old lady underwent electrophysiologic testing because of recurrent palpitations. Atrio-His (AH) and His-ventricular intervals measure 98ms and 44ms, respectively. Retrograde conduction was midline and decremental. Read More

Clin Res Cardiol 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Medicine III, Institute for Cardiomyopathy, University of Heidelberg, INF 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: Left ventricular non-compaction has been increasingly diagnosed in recent years. However, it is still debated whether non-compaction is a pathological condition or a physiological trait. In this meta-analysis and systematic review, we compare studies, which investigated these two different perspectives. Read More

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Aims: Most left atrial tachycardia (LAT) is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). The clinical and electrophysiological characteristics and outcomes of LAT without AF have not been investigated. This study sought to determine the long-term ablation outcomes and predictors of recurrence of isolated LAT. Read More

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy.

Background: Reactive atrial-based antitachycardia pacing (rATP) aims to terminate atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT/AF) episodes when they spontaneously organize to atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia; however, its effectiveness in the real-world has not been studied. We used a large device database (Medtronic CareLink) to evaluate the effects of rATP at reducing AT/AF.

Methods: Pacemaker, defibrillator, and resynchronization device transmission data were analyzed. Read More

Acute Med Surg 2019 Apr 10;6(2):192-196. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

The Emergency and Critical Care Center Mie University Hospital Tsu Mie Japan.

Case: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) and septic cardiomyopathy (SC) are two different disease entities, and distinction between them is important. A 34-year-old man had refractory shock, multiple organ failure, and elevation of cardiogenic markers. Echocardiogram showed tachycardia with extended ST elevation, and a rapid test for influenza A virus was positive. Read More

J Equine Vet Sci 2018 May 22;64:101-106. Epub 2018 Feb 22.

Veterinary Advances, The Curragh, Co Kildare, Ireland. Electronic address:

The choice of analgesic agents for the horse is limited, and many have side effects that can restrict their use for chronic and prolonged pain. Little information has been published on tramadol and acetaminophen use in the horse. The study evaluated the analgesic effects of coadministration of tramadol and acetaminophen compared to those of each drug individually in a crossover study. Read More

Thyroid 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, 26992, Service d'Endocrinologie - Diabète - Nutrition, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, France.

Background: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHR) antibodies (TRAb) can be present in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. Transplacental TRAb transfer can lead to fetal thyroid dysfunction and serious complications.

Patient Findings: We report the case of a woman with autoimmune hypothyroidism and extremely high TRAb levels, with blocking and stimulating activities (biological activities characterized with Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing TSHR). Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2019 26;6:27. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Left cardiac sympathetic denervation (LCSD) is a surgical antiadrenergic intervention with a strong antiarrhythmic effect, supported by preclinical as well as clinical data. The mechanism of action of LCSD in structurally normal hearts with increased arrhythmic susceptibility (such as those of patients with channelopathies) is not limited to the antagonism of acute catecholamines release in the heart. LCSD also conveys a strong anti-fibrillatory action that was first demonstrated over 40 years ago and provides the rationale for its use in almost any cardiac condition at increased risk of ventricular fibrillation. Read More

Cureus 2019 Jan 29;11(1):e3981. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita, USA.

A recent increase in the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias has been observed with the consumption of large dosages of the anti-diarrheal agent, loperamide. Our case is unique in that our patient not only displayed ventricular tachycardia (VT) but sustained VT (known as a VT storm). In this era of the opioid crisis, clinicians should be aware of all of the over-the-counter medications that have opioid-like side effects. Read More

J Electrocardiol 2019 Apr 4;54:93-95. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

A 47-year-old man presented to our emergency department (ED) with limbs weakness for 2 h. His heart rate was 127 beats per minute and blood pressure was 95/49 mm Hg. He found weakness of limbs after 4-h sleep. Read More

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2019 Jan 2;32(1):107-109. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTexas.

Brugada syndrome (BS) is a genetic cardiac syndrome first described in 1992 that is characterized by distinct abnormalities noted in leads V1 and V2 on electrocardiogram. It often leads to syncope or even sudden death in affected patients due to its propensity for ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. The characteristic ST elevation seen in these patients can be confused with ischemic ST elevation. Read More