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Angiogenesis 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.

There are two vascular networks in mammals that coordinately function as the main supply and drainage systems of the body. The blood vasculature carries oxygen, nutrients, circulating cells, and soluble factors to and from every tissue. The lymphatic vasculature maintains interstitial fluid homeostasis, transports hematopoietic cells for immune surveillance, and absorbs fat from the gastrointestinal tract. Read More

Brain Sci 2021 Mar 17;11(3). Epub 2021 Mar 17.

Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.

We describe a case of severe headaches, double vision, and progressive vision loss secondary to a ruptured intracranial cyst (IAC) in a 31-year-old woman with no relevant past medical history. The case is peculiar because drainage of the subdural hygroma led to a minimal improvement in vision with persistent elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Further exploration revealed transverse sinus stenosis necessitating stenting. Read More

Front Neurol 2020 13;11:611485. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.

The cerebral vasculature is made up of highly specialized structures that assure constant brain perfusion necessary to meet the very high demand for oxygen and glucose by neurons and glial cells. A dense, redundant network of arteries is spread over the entire pial surface from which penetrating arteries dive into the cortex to reach the neurovascular units. Besides providing blood to the brain parenchyma, cerebral arteries are key in the drainage of interstitial fluid (ISF) and solutes such as amyloid-beta. Read More

Neurosurg Rev 2021 Jan 27. Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse, 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.

When evaluating brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) for microsurgical resection, the natural history of bAVM rupture must be balanced against the perioperative risks. It is therefore adamant to have a reliable surgical grading system, balancing these important factors. This study systematically reviews the literature in order to identify and assess the quality of grading systems with regard to microsurgical bAVM treatment. Read More

ESC Heart Fail 2020 10 25;7(5):2012-2020. Epub 2020 Jul 25.

Department of General Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

The presence of chronic heart failure (CHF) results in a significant risk of leg oedema. Medical compression (MC) treatment is one of the basic methods of leg oedema elimination in patients with chronic venous disease and lymphedema, but it is not routinely considered in subjects with CHF-related swelling. In the study, an overview of the current knowledge related to the benefits and risk of using MC in the supportive treatment of leg oedema in CHF patients is presented. Read More

Postgrad Med J 2020 Apr 3;96(1134):212-220. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

Neurosurgery, Muthoot Healthcare, Kozhencherry, Kerala, India

Background: There is a lack of consensus in the management of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain since ARUBA (A Randomised trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous malformations) trial showed that medical management is superior to interventional therapy in patients with unruptured brain AVMs. The treatment of brain AVM is associated with significant morbidity.

Objectives And Methods: A review was done to determine the behaviour of brain AVMs and analyse the risks and benefits of the available treatment options. Read More

Radiol Med 2020 Mar 10;125(3):237-246. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University Hospital, 12 El-Gomhoreya Street, Mansoura, 35112, Egypt.

Persistent left-sided superior vena cava (PLSVC) is the commonest systemic venous anomaly in the thorax with a reported prevalence of up to 0.5% in otherwise normal population and up to 10% in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). In the absence of associated CHD, it is usually asymptomatic, discovered incidentally. Read More

SA J Radiol 2019 29;23(1):1729. Epub 2019 Jul 29.

Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Chest radiographs (CXRs) are the most common imaging investigations undertaken because of their value in evaluating the cardiorespiratory system. They play a vital role in intensive care units for evaluating the critically ill. It is therefore very common for the radiologist to encounter tubes, lines, medical devices and materials on a daily basis. Read More

Front Oncol 2019 17;9:1060. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, University Hospitals of Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Surgery among patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) and venous disease has emerged as a viable strategy to achieve curative treatment. By definition, these patients are at increased risk of a positive resection margin, however, controversy exists with regards to necessity of radical surgery and optimum pathways with no consensus on definitive treatment. A surgery first approach is possible though outcomes vary but patients can have an efficient pathway to surgery, particularly if biliary drainage is avoided which limits overall complications. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2019 05;39(6):628-642

Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.

The following publication was compiled as an evidence-based update for plastic surgeons performing abdominoplasty from a review of the published literature on that subject between January 2014 and February 2017. It is an overview of various aspects of abdominoplasty including preoperative patient assessment, variations and advances in both surgical and anesthetic technique, patient safety, and outcomes. It is intended to serve as an adjunct to previously published evidence-based reviews of abdominoplasty. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018 08;43(8):1896-1907

Department of Radiology, Hôpital Beaujon, HUPNVS, 100, Bd du Général Leclerc, Clichy, France.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is defined by clinical and laboratory signs associated with partial or complete impairment of hepatic venous drainage in the absence of right heart failure or constrictive pericarditis. Primary BCS is the most frequent type and is a complication of hypercoagulable states, in particular myeloproliferative neoplasms. Secondary BCS involves tumor invasion or extrinsic compression. Read More

Annu Rev Med 2018 01 6;69:263-276. Epub 2017 Sep 6.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065; email: , , ,

Lymphedema affects up to 1 in 6 patients who undergo treatment for a solid tumor in the United States. Its prevalence has increased as more effective oncologic therapies have improved patient survival, but there remains no definitive cure. Recent research has elucidated new details in the pathogenesis of the disease and has demonstrated that it is fundamentally an immunologic process that ultimately results in inflammation, fibroadipose deposition, impaired lymphangiogenesis, and dysfunctional lymphatic pumping. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2017 Nov 6;234(11):1378-1386. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

Augenklinik Berlin-Marzahn.

Several glaucoma stents are available to surgically reduce the intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). In comparison to conjunctival opening procedures, the advantages of microinvasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) are relatively atraumatic ab-interno procedures through a paracentesis, conjunctival sparing for later filtrating surgery, and possible combined cataract surgery. In this overview, the principle of intraoperative indirect channelography as a decision criterion for the individual selection of glaucoma stent implantation is presented. Read More

Chirurgia (Bucur) 2017 May-Jun;112(3):193-207

Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is the most common type of biliary tract cancer and is associated with a high mortality, usually due to late presentation. High-resolution cross-sectional imaging modalities are necessary for diagnosis and preoperative planning. Although surgical resection with negative margins offers the only hope for cure, only a small subset of patients are amenable for surgery at the time of diagnosis. Read More

Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2017 Oct 5;57(10):505-512. Epub 2017 Jun 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University.

The evaluation of venous drainage patterns prior to surgery for skull base meningioma is important owing to their deep location and the vulnerability of surrounding vascular structures. In recent years, the microsurgical skull base approach has matured as a surgical technique, making it an important option for reducing complications related to skull base meningioma surgery. In addition, knowledge of the venous anatomy can prevent venous drainage route disturbance and potentially life-threatening complications. Read More

Vasa 2016 ;45(4):283-91

4 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey.

Lymphoedema is a common and progressive disease which causes deterioration of the quality of life of patients. It is divided into two groups: primary and secondary lymphoedema. Nowadays, the majority of patients with lymphoedema are associated with a malignancy or its treatment modalities, such as cancer surgery and radiation therapy. Read More

Scand J Surg 2017 Jun 23;106(2):107-115. Epub 2016 May 23.

Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.

Background And Aims: There is a demand for a better understanding of the vascular structures around the right colonic area. Although right hemicolectomy with the recent concept of meticulous lymph node dissection is a standardized procedure for malignant diseases among most surgeons, variations in the actual anatomical vascular are not well understood. The aim of the present review was to present a detailed overview of the vascular variation pertinent to the surgery for right colon cancer. Read More

BMJ Clin Evid 2016 Jan 15;2016. Epub 2016 Jan 15.

University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.

Introduction: Leg ulcers usually occur secondary to venous reflux or obstruction, but 20% of people with leg ulcers have arterial disease, with or without venous disorders. Between 1.5 and 3. Read More

J Magn Reson Imaging 2015 Oct 24;42(4):870-86. Epub 2015 Feb 24.

Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

With improvements in surgical and medical management, patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are often living well into adulthood. MRI provides critical data for diagnosis and monitoring of these patients, yielding information on cardiac anatomy, blood flow, and cardiac function. Though historically these exams have been complex and lengthy, four-dimensional (4D) flow is emerging as a single fast technique for comprehensive assessment of CHD. Read More

Insights Imaging 2015 Apr 17;6(2):231-9. Epub 2014 Dec 17.

Servizio di Radiologia, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy,

Pancreatic resections are surgical procedures associated with high incidence of complications, with relevant morbidity and mortality even at high volume centres. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in the management of these events and interventional radiology plays a crucial role in the treatment of patients developing post-surgical complications. This paper offers an overview on the interventional radiological procedures that can be performed to treat different type of complications after pancreatic resection. Read More

J Vasc Access 2012 Jul-Sep;13(3):271-8

Department of Vascular Surgery, "Democritus" University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Upper limb vein aneurysms complicate all types of autogenous arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) and comprise false aneurysms secondary to venipuncture trauma as well as true aneurysms, characterized by dilatation of native veins. The dilatation of a normal vein and the development of a true aneurysm are strongly influenced by local hemodynamic factors affecting the flow in the drainage venous system and are also the target of operative interventions. This review article focuses on the description of these hemodynamic aspects which all physicians involved in the management of dialysis patients should be aware of. Read More

Acta Neurochir Suppl 2012 ;113:47-50

University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Sun City West, AZ, USA.

It was firmly established in the mid-twentieth century that the arachnoid villi represented an open pathway between the subarachnoid space and the dural venous sinuses. Intracellular and extracellular pathways within the villous structure provided the conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and particulate matter. The importance of the lymphatic system was established by the demonstration of CSF tracers entering the nasal lymphatic system via the perineural subarachnoid space enveloping the olfactory nerve rootlets. Read More

Perfusion 2011 Sep;26 Suppl 1:15-9

Heart Centre, Gent, Belgium.

Since the early start of cardiopulmonary bypass, vascular access has been recognized as a main variable for obtaining optimal blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass. In particular, venous drainage can limit the maximum flow as the wide, low-resistance, collapsible veins are connected with smaller stiff cannulas and tubing. Due to the introduction of long venous cannulas for minimally invasive cardiac surgery and the desire to limit hemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass, more and more centers have started using assisted venous drainage techniques. Read More

Neurosurg Rev 2012 Apr 10;35(2):155-69; discussion 169. Epub 2011 Sep 10.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is an increasingly common neurological disease process. Despite the wide prevalence of cSDH, there remains a lack of consensus regarding numerous aspects of its clinical management. We provide an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cSDH and discuss several controversial management issues, including the timing of post-operative resumption of anticoagulant medications, the effectiveness of anti-epileptic prophylaxis, protocols for mobilization following evacuation of cSDH, as well as the comparative effectiveness of the various techniques of surgical evacuation. Read More

Phlebology 2010 Dec;25(6):269-79

Vascular Disease Centre, Interventional Radiology Unit, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a syndrome characterized by stenosies of the internal jugular and/or azygous veins (IJVs-AZ) with opening of collaterals and insufficient drainage proved by reduced cerebral blood flow and increased mean transit time in cerebral MRI perfusional study. The present review is aimed to give a comprehensive overview of the actual status of the art of the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. As far as the origin of venous narrowing is concerned, phlebographic studies of the IJVs and AZ systems demonstrated that venous stenoses were likely to be truncular venous malformations; mostly, they are intraluminal defects such as malformed valve, septa webs. Read More

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2011 Jun 7;34(3):445-61. Epub 2010 Oct 7.

Section of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University College Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is often managed with a health care pathway that funnels patients to anticoagulation therapy alone. This "usual treatment" is designed to stop propagation and embolisation of venous thrombus but not remove it. Surgical thrombectomy was once the only option in severe cases in which limbs were threatened, but thrombus removal is no longer restricted to emergency cases. Read More

Int J Cardiol 2011 Feb 2;147(1):13-24. Epub 2010 Aug 2.

Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.

Interest for the pulmonary veins has increased in the past decade after the potential arrhythmogenicity of the myocardial sleeve surrounding these structures has been recognized. Furthermore, there are several clinical entities, such as anomalous connection pattern and pulmonary vein stenosis, that are related to abnormal pulmonary vein development. In this review, we will describe current literature and aim to elucidate and reorganize current opinions on normal and abnormal pulmonary vein development in relation to clinical (management of) diseases. Read More

Clin Anat 2009 Jan;22(1):129-45

Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St. George's University, Grenada, West Indies.

Cardiac veins have long stood in the shadow of their more extensively studied counterparts, the coronary arteries. The clinical importance of the coronary venous system, nonetheless, should not be underestimated. Intricate and beneficial therapeutic options are increasingly being developed that depend on knowledge of the structure of this venous network. Read More

J Urol 2008 Dec 18;180(6):2338-42; discussion 2342. Epub 2008 Oct 18.

Division of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Section of Urologic Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.

Purpose: Complete removal of retroperitoneal and pelvic tumors may require resection or ligation of major retroperitoneal, pelvic and mesenteric venous structures. We provide an overview of venous anatomy and collateral drainage, and review the veins that can be safely resected.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed major anatomical texts, and performed a directed MEDLINE literature search of retroperitoneal, pelvic and mesenteric venous anatomy. Read More

Ostomy Wound Manage 2008 Jan;54(1):20-2, 24-32

University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

The prevalence of morbid obesity, along with related comorbidities, is dramatically increasing in the US, confounding wound care for persons at heightened risk for skin compromise. The purpose of this overview is to examine common concerns related to morbid obesity and interrelated lower extremity complications, including wound and skin infections, dermatologic conditions, lymphovenous obstruction syndromes, chronic venous insufficiency, and anatomical abnormalities such as massive localized lymphedema. Treatment may include surgery for massive lymphedema localizations, compression bandaging for chronic venous insufficiency as well as lymphedema, manual lymph drainage for lymphedema, and prompt and aggressive management of wound infection and bioburden. Read More