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World Neurosurg 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, 1-1, Shimo-ishibiki-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9208650, Japan.

Background: Radiation-induced spinal cord cavernous malformations (CMs) are rare pathologies compared to radiation-induced cerebral CMs. We present a case of a radiation-induced spinal cord CM developed 31 years after radiation therapy for medulloblastoma.

Case Description: A 37-year-old man developed a symptomatic spinal hemorrhagic lesion 31 years after radiation therapy for medulloblastoma. Read More

J Neurointerv Surg 2020 Jun 25. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Neuroradiology, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, Île-de-France, France.

Background: The precise understanding of the angioarchitecture of spinal vascular malformations (SVMs) is often difficult to reach with conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential of four-dimensional DSA (4D-DSA) (Siemens Healthcare) in the exploration of SVMs.

Methods: We retrospectively studied all patients who underwent spinal DSA, including 4D-DSA acquisition, from July 2018 to June 2019 at a single institution. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:

Background: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) and spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are relatively rare. Moreover, multiple spinal cord vascular lesions in a patient, such as double SDAVFs, SDAVF and AVM, are extremely rare. To date, there are only several reported cases of concomitant existence of spinal DAVFs and AVMs. Read More

J Neuroimaging 2020 May 28. Epub 2020 May 28.

Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Background And Purpose: There is a relative paucity of radiology literature on spinal cord cavernous malformations (SCMs). We hypothesized that the classic MRI features of cavernous malformations are not highly prevalent. The purpose was to review MR imaging findings of SCMs with a focus on prevalence of hemorrhagic features, including adjacent intramedullary hemorrhage at initial presentation. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2020 May 6. Epub 2020 May 6.

New Jersey Pediatric Neuroscience Institute, 131 Madison Avenue, Morristown, NJ, 07960, USA.

A 16-month-old female was admitted for prolonged fever, gait ataxia, and neurogenic bowel and bladder. Neurological exam was significant for decreased sensory and motor functions in bilateral lower extremities. Initial MRI showed a thoracic spine hematoma and diagnostic angiogram revealed a large AVM and aneurysm. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Apr 14;10(1):6306. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald, and Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Autosomal dominant cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are leaky vascular lesions that can cause epileptic seizures and stroke-like symptoms. Germline mutations in either CCM1, CCM2 or CCM3 are found in the majority of patients with multiple CCMs or a positive family history. Recently, the first copy number neutral inversion in CCM2 has been identified by whole genome sequencing in an apparently mutation-negative CCM family. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Jun 3;138:404-407. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sappoo, Hokkaido, Japan.

Background: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are the most common type of spinal arteriovenous malformations; they frequently cause progressive myelopathy including gait disturbances and sensory disorders.

Case Description: We report a rare case of a middle-aged man who experienced right-sided chest pain and Th4 radiculopathy, without any other neurologic presentations. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a flow void sign on the dorsal aspect of the spinal cord; spinal angiography revealed an arteriovenous shunt between a radicular artery and an intradural vein. Read More

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2020 Mar 28. Epub 2020 Mar 28.

Department of Intraoperative Neurophysiology, Mount Sinai West Medical Center, New York, United States.

Background:  The treatment of spinal intramedullary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) presents the risk of spinal cord ischemia because of the vascular nidus and their feeding arteries involving and supplying the spinal cord parenchyma. The multimodal approach includes endovascular embolization and microsurgical excision, both benefiting from intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring. We present a case study of a patient who underwent several staged embolizations and open surgery for microsurgical excision. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2020 Mar 20:1-6. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

1Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Objective: Myelopathy selectively involving the lower extremities can occur secondary to spondylotic changes, tumor, vascular malformations, or thoracolumbar cord ischemia. Vascular causes of myelopathy are rarely described. An uncommon etiology within this category is diaphragmatic crus syndrome, in which compression of an intersegmental artery supplying the cord leads to myelopathy. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020 Apr;29(4):104629

Departments of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address:

Background And Aim: Cavernous malformations are low-flow vascular malformations of the central nervous system. Brainstem location and prior hemorrhage increase future hemorrhage risk. We sought to determine the influence of physical activity on hemorrhage risk. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2019 ;83(6):58-63

Burdenko Neurosurgical Center, Moscow, Russia.

Spinal intramedullary cavernous malformations are a rare vascular pathology of the central nervous system. They account for 3-5% of spinal cord diseases. The clinical picture in patients with cavernous malformations varies from an asymptomatic course to gross neurological deficit in the case of bleeding from a malformation. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Apr 26;136:341-347. Epub 2020 Jan 26.

Department of Radiology, Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: Spinal sparganosis associated with filum terminale arteriovenous fistula (FTAVF) has not been reported in the literature. In previous studies, these 2 rare diseases were usually reported separately. We report the first case of spinal sparganosis with concomitant FTAVF. Read More

Tissue Eng Part A 2020 Jan 22. Epub 2020 Jan 22.

Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Primary closure of fetal skin in spina bifida protects the spinal cord and improves clinical outcome, but is also associated with postnatal growth malformations and spinal cord tethering. In this study, we evaluated the postnatal effects of prenatally closed full-thickness skin defects in sheep applying collagen scaffolds with and without heparin/vascular endothelial growth factor/fibroblast growth factor 2, focusing on skin regeneration and growth. At 6 months, collagen scaffold functionalized with heparin, VEGF, and FGF2 (COL-HEP/GF) resulted in a 6. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2020 Feb 11;72:79-83. Epub 2020 Jan 11.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Spinal vascular malformations are difficult to diagnose lesions that can be associated with significant permanent morbidity. The angioarchitecture of spinal vascular anatomy and the associated pathologies have only recently been illuminated by the advent of spinal angiography. However, conventional spinal digital subtraction angiography is often limited by significant variability, overlapping vessels, as well as an inability to understand the precise location of the nidus or fistula in relation to the spinal cord and spine. Read More

Ochsner J 2019 ;19(4):397-400

Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, U1171, University Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France.

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is a rare and underdiagnosed disorder. Because of the nonspecific clinical presentation of the condition, patients are often referred to different specialists, resulting in delayed diagnosis. A 76-year-old male presented with a 1-month history of gait trouble. Read More

Front Neurol 2019 6;10:1302. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.

Cutaneous vertebral medullary angiomatosis, also known as Cobb syndrome, is a rare segmental neurocutaneous syndrome. This syndrome is considered to be a non-hereditary congenital disease that is usually associated with arteriovenous malformations in the skin and spine. The clinical manifestations are complex because the lesions can involve the spine, spinal cord, skin, and even the viscera. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2019 Dec 13:1-4. Epub 2019 Dec 13.

3Department of Radiology, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

The evaluation of spinal cord vascular malformations in neuroradiology departments remains valid for both diagnosis and endovascular embolization, and for adjuvant as well as definitive treatment. The most commonly encountered complications of endovascular approaches are the recurrence or the incomplete embolization of the lesion and accidental damage to the medullary arteries, which leads to spinal cord infarction. Failure to remember a microcatheter in the abdominal aorta after catheterization is an underestimated complication. Read More

Neurology 2019 12;93(24):1075-1078

From the Departments of Neurosurgery (E.C., G.L., B.D.E.) and Neurology (R.D.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2020 Jan;18(1):E3-E4

Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

Symptomatic spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are most frequently associated with hypoperfusion of the spinal cord, either from venous congestion or vascular steal, and are less frequently associated with hemorrhage. This patient had a large cervicothoracic spinal AVM and presented with right hemibody sensory deficit with intact motor function. The AVM had significant preoperative mass effect on the dorsal spinal cord with cord signal change. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2019 15;33:202. Epub 2019 Jul 15.

Anaesthesiology unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.

Cavernous haemangiomas are benign vascular malformations that can locate in the central nervous system. The epidural spinal location remains unusual. Pregnancy is known to be a precipitating factor. Read More

Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2019 Nov;29(4):595-614

Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 East Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address:

This article describes the basic principles of diagnostic and therapeutic spinal angiography as practiced by the author, including catheterization and radioprotection techniques, the selection of endovascular devices and embolization agents, and procedural complications. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2019 Oct;32(2):302-304

Departments of1Neurosurgery.

Spinal cord intramedullary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have classically been considered congenital lesions that are present from birth. The reason for this dogmatic principal is the fact that a vast majority of these lesions present in pediatric and young adult patients. Interestingly, while many authors have demonstrated the development of de novo nidus-type brain AVMs, there have been no reported cases of a de novo intramedullary or perimedullary AVM of the spine. Read More

Surg Neurol Int 2019 20;10:181. Epub 2019 Sep 20.

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Caudal duplication syndrome (CDS) is associated with complete/partial duplication of the spine, spinal cord, duplication/malformations of other caudal structures, and often neurological dysfunction.

Case Description: A 9-month-old with the prenatal diagnosis of multiple fetal malformations was born through cesarean section at 39 weeks. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a series of abnormalities: intramedullary cyst at the L4 level with tethering of the conus with a lipoma, a duplication of the sacrum, duplication of the intestines, a ventricular septal defect, bladder duplication, four kidneys, two fully formed functional penises, two anuses (imperforate on the left), and a paramedian ossified appendage suggestive of a malformed leg. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Feb 17;134:25-32. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

Background: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can occur in all regions of the brain and spinal cord, with clinical consequences and risks varying by location. Delayed AVM rupture despite digital subtraction angiography-confirmed obliteration post-radiation is exceedingly rare.

Case Description: To our knowledge, we present the first documented case of delayed hemorrhage associated with a cerebellar AVM 5 years after linear accelerator-based radiation in a man aged 31 years despite apparent angiographic obliteration. Read More

Brain 2019 11;142(11):3367-3374

Institut de Pathologie Multi-sites des HCL/Centre de Pathologie et Fœtopathologie Est, Lyon, France.

Polymicrogyria is a heterogeneous malformation of cortical development microscopically defined by an excessive folding of the cortical mantle resulting in small gyri with a fused surface. Polymicrogyria is responsible for a wide range of neurological symptoms (e.g. Read More

J Radiol Case Rep 2019 Mar 31;13(3):13-18. Epub 2019 Mar 31.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Intracranial calcifications in the pediatric population can have many etiologies including neoplastic, infectious, neurodegenerative, metabolic, or cerebrovascular abnormalities. We present the case of a 2-year-old boy with vein of Galen malformation, a rare cause of intracranial calcifications with a review of literature. Read More

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2020 Jul;19(1):E65

Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

The case is of a 49-yr-old female admitted after acute onset lower cervical/upper thoracic region pain with left hemi-body hypoesthesia below the C7 level. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a spinal cord intraparenchymal hemorrhage at the C6/7 levels. Physical exam revealed hypoesthesia on the left from C7 and below with associated 3/5 wrist and finger extensor and 4/5 triceps strength on the left. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 06 28;126:703. Epub 2019 May 28.

Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

World Neurosurg 2020 Jan 14;133:29-33. Epub 2019 Sep 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China. Electronic address:

Background: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) typically has a single intradural drainage vein, abnormally connecting with the radiculomeningeal artery at the dura root sleeve. Multiple intradural draining veins are extremely rare. To date, only 1 case of spinal DAVF with multiple draining veins has been reported. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2019 Jul-Sep;14(3):1033-1036

Department of Surgery, Neurosurgery Section, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Intradural extramedullary spinal cavernous malformations (CMs) remain the least common variant of these lesions and can originate from the inner surface of the dura mater, the pial surface of the spinal cord, and the blood vessels in the spinal nerves. Root-based-only extramedullary CMs are very rare in the thoracic region with only four cases reported. We present a case of 56-year-old male with 1-year progression of lower extremities weakness. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Dec 31;132:e290-e296. Epub 2019 Aug 31.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: Spinal arteriovenous malformations (SAVMs) are a very rare and complex spinal cord pathology that require high clinical acumen to diagnose and treat. Management includes both nonoperative and operative paradigms. A review of the literature yields a paucity of data regarding the surgical outcomes of SAVMs, with the majority of data limited to single-center outcomes and/or small sample sizes. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2019 04 12;31(2):271-278. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery

Objective: Intramedullary cavernous hemangioma (CH) is a rare vascular lesion that is mainly characterized by the sudden onset of hemorrhage in young, asymptomatic patients, who then experience serious neurological deterioration. Despite the severity of this condition, the therapeutic approach and timing of intervention for CH remain matters of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of CH patients before and after surgery and to identify prognostic indicators that affect neurological function in these patients. Read More

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2020 Jan 29;81(1):80-85. Epub 2019 Aug 29.

Klinik für Neuroradiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany.

Objective:  Dural arteriovenous fistulas of the craniocervical junction are rare but the most dangerous of spinal fistulas. The concurrent brainstem edema has been attributed to increased pressure within the venous outflow of the brainstem and upper cord, but the differential diagnosis of brainstem edema is demanding. This report presents the details of clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) , surgical techniques, and follow-up of these fistulas. Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019 09 22;40(9):1601-1606. Epub 2019 Aug 22.

From the Department of Imaging Sciences and Interventional Radiology (S.K.K., B.T., J.E.R., C.K.), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.

Background And Purpose: Volumetric high-resolution heavily T2-weighted imaging or time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRA is used in the detection and characterization of spinal vascular malformations, though inherent trade-offs can affect their overall sensitivity and accuracy. We compared the efficacy of volumetric high-resolution heavily T2-weighted and time-resolved contrast-enhanced images in spinal vascular malformation diagnosis and feeder characterization and assessed whether a combined evaluation improved the overall accuracy of diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight patients with spinal vascular malformations (spinal dural arteriovenous fistula, spinal cord arteriovenous malformation, and perimedullary arteriovenous fistula) were prospectively enrolled. Read More

Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019 Aug;57(8):607-615

Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Shanghai 200040, China.

To evaluate the effect of hybrid operation suite in the treatment of cerebral and spinal vascular diseases and intracranial hypervascular tumors. A retrospective study was conducted on 132 patients with various cerebral and spinal vascular diseases and intracranial hypervascular tumors who were treated by hybrid surgery at Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital from October 2016 to December 2017.There were 70 male and 62 female patients with a mean age of 48. Read More

J Orthop Sci 2019 Nov 13;24(6):1027-1032. Epub 2019 Aug 13.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, 2-6-1, Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.

Objective: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are rare but can cause serious gait and micturition disturbances. Delays in diagnosis and treatment result in poor clinical outcomes; however, the process of misdiagnosis is unknown.

Methods: Forty consecutive patients were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2019 Dec 12;70:226-228. Epub 2019 Aug 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Rennes University Hospital, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033 Rennes Cedex 9, France. Electronic address:

The gold standard treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF) is surgical exclusion. The main surgical challenge is to localize the origin of the shunting vein and to ensure its complete exclusion. In that context, intra operative angiography technologies have been developed, such as fluorescein video angiography (FVA). Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2020 02 14;36(2):325-332. Epub 2019 Aug 14.

Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin St., Ste. 1230, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Object: While it has been extensively studied in adults, the role of spinal angiography in children with suspected spinal vascular malformations is not fully characterized. With special implications regarding technique, radiation dose, and pathology, we sought to review our single-center experience with pediatric spinal vascular pathology and use a systematic review of the literature to further identify its role in pediatrics.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted under IRB approval for all patients age 0-18 years old who underwent spinal angiography at our institution between 2007 and 2018 for concern for spinal vascular pathology. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Nov 9;131:e579-e585. Epub 2019 Aug 9.

Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are an abnormal interconnection of vasculature in the spine than can lead to significant neurologic deficit if left untreated.

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize how patients with spinal AVM initially presented, what treatment options were used, and their overall outcomes on a national scale.

Methods: The MarketScan database was queried to identify adult patients diagnosed with a spinal AVM from 2007 to 2015. Read More

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020 06 18;159(6):2202-2213.e4. Epub 2019 Jun 18.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Vascular Prostheses, Beijing, China.

Objective: Cervical aortic arch (CAA) is rare and difficult to repair. Clinical experience is limited. We report the surgical techniques and midterm outcomes in 35 patients with CAA based on an alternative classification scheme. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Oct 12;130:e1020-e1027. Epub 2019 Jul 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.

Background: Because spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae (SDAVF) are rare and their clinical presentation is nonspecific, they are often overlooked during diagnostic evaluations. Typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are intramedullary T2-weighted signal hyperintensity and perimedullary flow voids. There are few reports on the characteristic signs of the cauda equina. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Oct 11;130:e953-e960. Epub 2019 Jul 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Vascular malformations of the spinal cord are a rare and complex clinical entity and can lead to severe morbidity with progressive spinal cord symptoms if not treated properly. In early stages, the disease is characterized by slowly progressive, nonspecific symptoms, such as gait disturbance, paresthesia, diffuse sensory symptoms, and radicular pain; in the late stages, bowel and bladder incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and urinary retention may develop. In recent decades, understanding and treatment of spinal vascular malformations have improved with the evolution of diagnostic tools and treatment modalities; however, it is still difficult to manage these cases because of the complexity of the pathology. Read More

Interv Neuroradiol 2019 Dec 7;25(6):604-612. Epub 2019 Jul 7.

Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, USA.

Book chapters and journal articles dealing with spinal cord vascular malformations often reference Otto Hebold and Julius Gaupp, but frequently misrepresent the observations published by the two German authors in the late 19th century. The purpose of this paper is to provide a better appreciation of these important contributions based on abridged translations of original documents set in their historical context, notably regarding the landmark works of Brasch, Raymond and Cestan, and Lindenmann. It is concluded that Gaupp offered the first reliable description of a perimedullary arteriovenous fistula while the lesion reported by Hebold was not a spinal vascular malformation. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Oct 26;130:42-49. Epub 2019 Jun 26.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Fistulas of the filum terminale are rare lesions that result from a fistulous connection between the artery and vein of the filum terminale. These lesions often present as progressive thoracic myelopathy secondary to venous hypertension that is transmitted to the coronal venous plexus of the spinal cord. Frequently, filum fistulas will be associated with lumbar stenosis and likely form as a result of chronic inflammation and compression. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Sep 21;129:311-317. Epub 2019 Jun 21.

Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Neurosurgery and Norman Prince Neurosciences Institute, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformations (ISCCMs) are a rare entity. Most commonly, ISCCMs present with neurologic decline from lesion hemorrhage, which can be catastrophic and irreversible irrespective of surgical intervention. Given the challenging anatomic location of these lesions in highly critical neurologic areas, precise surgical localization and visualization is necessary to limit collateral damage during resection particularly for deep ISCCMs that do not present to a pial surface. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Sep 19;129:432-436. Epub 2019 Jun 19.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Background: Hemorrhagic presentations are rare in vertebrovertebral arteriovenous fistula (VVAVF). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient initially presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage and progressing to intramedullary hemorrhage.

Case Description: The authors report on a 59-year-old man with VVAVF who developed massive intramedullary hemorrhage. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 08 18;35(8):1281. Epub 2019 Jun 18.

Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Foch Hospital, 40 rue Worth, 92150, Suresnes, France.

Brain 2019 08;142(8):2265-2275

Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

The natural history of intradural spinal cord arteriovenous shunts is unknown. We performed an observational study in a consecutive patient cohort with symptomatic intradural spinal cord arteriovenous shunts who were admitted to three institutes to investigate the clinical course of this complex disease, which would provide valuable evidence to inform clinical decision-making. The clinical course of patients with symptomatic intradural spinal cord arteriovenous shunts from initial presentation to occurrence of clinical deterioration, initiation of treatment, or last follow-up was analysed. Read More

Stroke 2019 08 10;50(8):2259-2269. Epub 2019 Jun 10.

From the Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network and University of Toronto (S.L., P.N., C.H., T.K., V.M.P.), University Health Network, ON, Canada.

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2019 Sep 21;184:105371. Epub 2019 May 21.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei Province, 430030, PR China. Electronic address:

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or intraventricle hemorrhage (IVH) with negative cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) results, which are due to non-cervical spinal arteriovenous lesions, are uncommon. In this article we presented three cases from our hospital and nineteen cases from prior published literature and discussed clinical features, possible mechanisms underlying the hemorrhage and therapeutic strategies for managing this unusual entity. Our analysis revealed that headache was the most common initial symptom. Read More