Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Objectives: Vascular dementia (VaD), being strongly associated with metabolic conditions is a major health concern around the world. Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of VaD. This study investigates the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and related dementia. Read More

Geroscience 2021 Jun 23. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 N. E. 10th Street - BRC 1303, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.

There is strong clinical evidence that multifaceted gait abnormalities may be manifested at early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are related to cognitive decline, and can be used as an early biomarker to identify patients at risk of progressing to full-blown dementia. Despite their importance, gait abnormalities have not been investigated in mouse models of AD, which replicate important aspects of the human disease. The Tg2576 is frequently used in AD research to test therapeutic interventions targeting cellular mechanisms contributing to the genesis of AD. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021 Jun 22. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Background: Comorbidity is an important predictor of how disease course in inflammatory bowel (IBD) evolves.

Aims: To determine pre-diagnosis relative rates (RR) and post-diagnosis hazard ratios (HR) of component diseases of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) in a cohort study of persons with IBD.

Methods: The University of Manitoba IBD Epidemiology Database includes all Manitobans with IBD from 1 April 1984 through 31 March 2018 and matched controls. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2021 Jun 15. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: The number of people living with dementia is rising globally due to population aging. Mass media campaigns which aim to reduce the risk of people developing dementia have been conducted across many countries, but few have reported evaluation findings.

Objective: The present study investigated the impact of the Your Brain Matters dementia risk reduction campaign in Australia. Read More

J Vasc Access 2021 Jun 19:11297298211026820. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, USA.

Achieving the ideal exit site is the new philosophy for complicated vascular access patients. Recent publications have described multiple venous access solutions such as tunneling to the scapular region, the chest to the arm, and from the femoral vein to the abdominal and patellar region. In the patients afflicted with delirium, dementia, or confusion even these sites may not be sufficient. Read More

Hypertension 2021 Jun 21:HYPERTENSIONAHA12117049. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine. (J.K.H., D.A.N.).

Hypertension is an established risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia in older adults, highlighting the potential importance of antihypertensive treatments in prevention efforts. Work surrounding antihypertensive treatments has suggested possible salutary effects on cognition and neuropathology. Several studies have specifically highlighted renin-angiotensin system drugs, including AT1-receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, as potentially benefiting cognition in later life. Read More

Aging (Albany NY) 2021 Jun 18;13. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea.

We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of multidomain intervention (MI) tailored to the Korean context. In an outcome assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, participants without dementia and with one or more modifiable dementia risk factors, aged 60-79 years, were randomly assigned to the facility-based MI (FMI; n=51), the home-based MI (HMI; n=51), or the control group receiving general health advice (n=50). The 24-week intervention comprised vascular risk management, cognitive training, social activity, physical exercise, nutrition guidance, and motivational enhancement. Read More

J Neurol Sci 2021 Jun 15;427:117537. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.

Background: Apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) is present in both plasma and tissues, including brain. Growing evidence suggest that this protein may play an early role on the development of the two most common forms of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD).

Objective: To evaluate whether serum ApoJ levels might be able to predict the progression to AD, VD, or mixed dementia (AD&VD) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Read More

Neurochem Res 2021 Jun 17. Epub 2021 Jun 17.

Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.

Front Physiol 2021 31;12:645342. Epub 2021 May 31.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.

Vascular risk factors (e.g., obesity and hypertension) are associated with cerebral small vessel disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, and dementia. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2021 31;12:695315. Epub 2021 May 31.

Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira, Colombia.

Dementias are neurodegenerative and progressive diseases of the central nervous system. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antipsychotics in a group of patients diagnosed with dementia in Colombia. This was a cross-sectional study based on a population database for drug dispensing that identified prescriptions of antidementia drugs, antipsychotics, and other drugs for patients with a diagnosis of dementia. Read More

CNS Spectr 2021 Apr;26(2):143

Maimonides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Objective: The objective was to determine alterations in the care of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) with depressive disorder without and with apathy to determine differential parameters.

Methods: We studied 69 PLHIV, negativized viral load, of both sexes (19 women and 44 men), with depressive disorder (F32.9-DSM IV), 20 with apathy and 26 without apathy; negativized viral load, in highly effective antiretroviral treatment without therapeutic failure in the last 2 years and without protease inhibitors; without psychopharmacological treatment (except anxiolytics) or dementia due to HIV (American Academy of Neurology) or comorbidities (hepatitis C, CNS or central vascular infections). Read More

CNS Spectr 2021 Apr;26(2):144

Resident.

Objective: To discuss the psychiatric symptoms that are associated with CADASIL syndrome Abstract Cerebral:Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a rare type of hereditary disease involving the small cerebral vessels. The clinical symptoms are various and include recurrent ischemic strokes, migraine with aura, seizures with epilepsy, psychiatric problems such as mood disturbances, and progressive cognitive decline leading to dementia. This disease needs awareness amongst the psychiatrists even though it is discussed much more in neurology literature. Read More

BMC Geriatr 2021 Jun 14;21(1):362. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Chronic brain pathology and pre-stroke cognitive impairment (PCI) is predictive of post-stroke dementia. The aim of the current study was to measure pre-stroke neurodegenerative and vascular disease burden found on brain MRI and to assess the association between pre-stroke imaging pathology and PCI, whilst also looking for potential sex differences.

Methods: This prospective brain MRI cohort is part of the multicentre Norwegian cognitive impairment after stroke (Nor-COAST) study. Read More

Front Aging Neurosci 2021 26;13:665114. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Recent studies have reported that homocysteine (Hcy) may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study explored the relationship between the plasma Hcy and folate levels and the risk of dementia. We searched Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science for published literature, including case-control studies and prospective cohort studies, and performed a systematic analysis. Read More

Front Neuroendocrinol 2021 Jun 10:100927. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Healthy Ageing Program, Centre for Medical Research (Royal Melbourne Hospital), Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.

There are strong indicators that sex hormones have a role in cognition. There has been more than 100 years of dementia research without yielding a disease-modifying therapy or cure and so it is important to explore knowledge gaps in our understanding of this increasingly prevalent fatal disease which currently limit our success. In this paper we discuss the role of sex hormones at the intersection between vascular disease and dementia, in light of the mounting literature covering the shared risk factors, pathological features alongside the timeline of hormonal change with the evolution of vascular and neurodegenerative disease. Read More

Metab Brain Dis 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Hypertension (HT) is one of the main causes of vascular dementia, lead to cognitive decline. Here, we investigated the relationship between cerebral microvessels, pericytes, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, and memory impairment at mid-life in a chronic hypertension animal model. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) (n = 20) are chosen for the model and age matched Wistar rats (n = 16) as controls. Read More

Neuromolecular Med 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) exert increasingly lethal or disabling effects on humans, but the associations among these diseases at the molecular level remain unclear. In our research, lists of genes related to these three diseases were acquired from public databases. We constructed gene-gene networks of the lists of disease-related genes using the STRING database and selected the plug-in MCODE as the most suitable method to divide the three disease-associated networks into modules through an entropy calculation. Read More

Brain Res Bull 2021 Jun 9;174:122-130. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address:

This study aimed to find out cellular and electrophysiological effects of the edaravone (EDR) administration following induction of vascular dementia (VaD) via bilateral-carotid vessel occlusion (2VO). The rats were randomly divided into control, sham, 2VO + V (vehicle), and 2VO + EDR groups. EDR was administered once a day from day 0-28 after surgery. Read More

Front Aging Neurosci 2021 25;13:682908. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Together with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), large vessel atherosclerosis is considered to be an equally important risk factor in the progression of vascular cognitive impairment. This article aims to investigate whether carotid atherosclerotic calcification is associated with the increased risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). A total of 128 patients (mean age: 62. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Jun 10;11(1):12291. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.

In this nationwide cohort study, we assessed the effects of hypertension burden and blood pressure (BP) control on dementia in different age subgroups. From the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening cohort from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2013, we enrolled 428,976 subjects aged 40-79 years without previous diagnosis of dementia or stroke. During a mean follow-up of 7. Read More

Cell Mol Bioeng 2021 Jun 22;14(3):231-240. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180 USA.

Introduction: Cell chirality is an intrinsic cellular property that determines the directionality of cellular polarization along the left-right axis. We recently show that endothelial cell chirality can influence intercellular junction formation and alter trans-endothelial permeability, depending on the uniformity of the chirality of adjacent cells, which suggests a potential role for cell chirality in neurodegenerative diseases with blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunctions, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we determined the effects of AD-related proteins amyloid-β (Aβ), tau, and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) on the chiral bias of the endothelial cell component in BBB. Read More

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.

Identifying biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) will accelerate the understanding of its pathophysiology, facilitate screening and risk stratification, and aid in developing new therapies. Developments in non-invasive retinal imaging technologies, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography and digital retinal photography, have provided a means to study neuronal and vascular structures in the retina in people with AD. Both qualitative and quantitative measurements from these retinal imaging technologies (eg, thinning of peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer, inner retinal layer, and choroidal layer, reduced capillary density, abnormal vasodilatory response) have been shown to be associated with cognitive function impairment and risk of AD. Read More

Georgian Med News 2021 Apr(313):98-101

Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Internal Disease of Propedeutics, Georgia.

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of statins in improving cognitive function in patients with vascular dementia. As the most important etiological factors of the disease are atherosclerotic vascular lesions, one of the important areas of treatment is lipid metabolism analysis and drug treatment for dyslipidemia. 31 patients were selected for the study, ages 65-65 years, 18 males, 13 females. Read More

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Objective: To determine whether the presence of diffusion-weighted imaging-positive (DWI+) lesions is associated with recurrent stroke after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) assessed the effect of restarting versus avoiding antiplatelet therapy after ICH on major vascular events for up to 5 years. We rated DWI sequences of MRI done before randomisation for DWI+ lesion presence, masked to outcome and antiplatelet use. Read More

Curr Alzheimer Res 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/ PekingUnion Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.

Background: Alzheimer's disease with a causative genetic mutation (AD-CGM) is an un- common form, characterized by a heterogeneous clinical phenotype and variations in the genotype of racial groups affected.

Objective: We aimed to systemically describe the phenotype variance and mutation spectrum in the large sample size of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) cohort, Beijing, China.

Method: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out in 1108 patients diagnosed with dementia. Read More

Geroscience 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, 39 Mária Street, 1085, Budapest, Hungary.

Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is a consequence of systemic atherosclerotic disease affecting the aging populations of the Western world. CAS is frequently associated with cognitive impairment. However, the mechanisms contributing to the development of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) associated with CAS are multifaceted and not fully understood. Read More

Age Ageing 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Objectives: frail older adults may be more vulnerable to stressors, resulting in steeper declines in cognitive function. Whether the frailty-cognition link differs by cognitive domain remains unclear; however, it could lend insight into underlying mechanisms.

Methods: we tested whether domain-specific cognitive trajectories (clock-drawing test, (CDT), immediate and delayed recall, orientation to date, time, president and vice-president naming) measured annually (2011-2016) differ by baseline frailty (physical frailty phenotype) in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (n = 7,439), a nationally representative sample of older adult U. Read More

Neurol Neurochir Pol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

With newer research-based classification systems, the term Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) is now preferred to vascular dementia. VCI is an umbrella term that includes all forms of cognitive deficits ranging from mild cognitive impairment of vascular origin (VaMCI) to vascular dementia (VaD). The new VCI construct takes into account the fact that in addition to single strategic infarcts, multiple infarcts, and leukoaraiosis, there are other mechanisms of cerebrovascular disease such as chronic hypoperfusion that might account for the pattern of cognitive deficits associated with vascular dementia. Read More

Cond Med 2021 Feb;4(1):1-2

Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU Klinikum, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany.